String in Python
Strings and Basic Syntax
• String in Python is a sequence of characters, typically used to
represent text.
• create strings by using single ('Hello') or double quotes ("Hello").
• Multi-line Strings: Triple quotes ('''Hello''' or """Hello""") for multi-
line strings.
Example
Slicing in String
• You all know the meaning of the word ‘slice’, which means – ‘a part
of’.
• In the same way, in python, the term ‘string slice’ refers to a part of
the string, where string are sliced using a range of indices.
• Python defines ":" as string slicing operator. It returns a substring
from the original string. Its general usage is as follows −
• substr=var[x:y] -> x -> begin index , y -> last index
• The first operand x is the index of the first character of the desired
slice. The second operand y is the index of the character next to the
last in the desired string. So var(x:y] separates characters from xth
position to (y-1)th position from the original string.
Program
Output
Accessing Characters and Slicing
• Indexing: Explain how each character in a string has an index, starting
from 0. Demonstrate how to access individual characters using square
brackets ([]).
• Slicing: Introduce slicing to retrieve substrings, showing how it works
with start:stop and start:stop:step.
If no value is provided:
start = 0
end = len(string)
step = 1
S= “Hello”
Operation Example
Slicing from start S[:4] , S[:10]
Slicing from end S[2:] , S[6:]
Negative Indexing S[-4:-2]
Slicing in string
Practice
text = "PYTHON“
print(text[0:3])
print(text[2:5])
print(text[:4])
print(text[3:])
print(text[::2])
print(text[1::2])
print(text[-1])
print(text[-3:])
print(text[:-2])
print(text[::-1])
print(text[5:2:-1])
Answer
Output:
PYT
THO
PYTH
HON
PTO
YHN
N
HON
PYTH
NOHTYP
NOH
Key Points
• Indexing starts at 0 in Python.
• End index is exclusive (not included).
• Negative indices count from the end.
• If step is negative → slicing goes backward.
• If no value is provided:
• start = 0
• end = len(string)
• step = 1
Write output of following program,
1. 2.
s = "INFORMATION“ s = "DATABASE"
print(s[::2]) print(s[-1])
print(s[1::2]) print(s[-4:])
3. print(s[:-3])
s = "LANGUAGE" 4.
print(s[::-1]) s = "PROGRAMMING"
print(s[-2:-7:-1]) print(s[3:9:2])
print(s[::3])
Practice Program
1. Write a program to input an integer and check if it contains any 0 or not.
2. Write a program to print a string in reverse order without storing in new
variable.
3. Write a program to print the string using for loop.
4. Write a program to print the string using while loop.
5. WAP to input two strings. If string1 is contained in string2, then create a
third string with first four characters of string2, added with word
‘Restore’.
6. Write a program to input a string and print the reverse string.
7. Write a program to input a string and check if it is a palindrome string
using slicing.
8. WAP to Count number of vowels in a string (without using
count or in-built).
9. WAP to Count number of words in a sentence (without
using split).
10. WAP to Print characters at even index positions.