INTRODUCTION TO
PYTHON
Introducing the Python Interpreter, Program Execution, Execution Model Variations, The
Interactive Prompt, System Command Lines and Files
INTRODUCING THE PYTHON
INTERPRETER
•A Python interpreter is a program that • Features of Python Interpreter
executes Python code line by line.
• Dynamic typing – No need to
•It translates human-readable Python code into declare variable types explicitly.
machine language so the computer can • Cross-platform – Works on
understand and run it. Windows, Linux, and macOS.
•Execution happens in real-time: as soon as one • Portable – The same code can
line is executed, the result is immediately run on different operating
displayed. systems.
• Readable syntax – Easy to write
and understand, similar to English.
Modes of python Interpreter
[Link] Mode
•Code is written and executed directly in the Python shell (or terminal).
•Example:
>>> print("Hello") Hello
•Useful for testing small pieces of code and quick calculations.
[Link] Mode
• Code is written in a file with a “.py “extension and then executed.
• Example (in terminal):
python [Link]
•Used for larger programs and projects.
Python
interpreter
PROGRAM EXECUTION IN
PYTHON
• Python code is written in .py file
• Source code is compiled into bytecode
• Bytecode is executed by the Python Virtual Machine (PVM)
• Output is displayed on the screen.
• Python executes code line by line (interpreted language)
• Source code (.py ) Bytecode(.pyc) PVM Output
EXECUTION MODEL
VARIATIONS
• 1. Interactive ModeCode
• executed line by line in Python Shell / [Link] for quick testing.
• 2. Script Mode :
• Program saved in a .py [Link] using python [Link].
• Used for larger programs.
• 3. Compilation to Bytecode
• Source code → Bytecode (.pyc files).
• Executed by Python Virtual Machine (PVM).
THE INTERACTIVE PROMPT IN
PYTHON
• 🔹 The Interactive Prompt in Python
• Also called Python Shell or REPL (Read–Eval–Print Loop)
• Opens when you type python in the terminal/command prompt
• Shows >>> symbol (primary prompt) for input
• Executes code line by line and displays output immediately
• Useful for testing, debugging, and experimenting with Python commands
SYSTEM COMMAND LINES AND
FILES
• Python programs can be executed using system command lines
(Terminal / CMD).
• The command line allows running scripts with:
• python [Link]
• The sys module provides access to command-line arguments:
• [Link] → list of command-line arguments
• [Link][0] → script name
• [Link][1], [Link][2]... → arguments passed to the script
Files in Python
Python provides built-in functions to handle files.
Basic file operations:
• open() → open a file
• read() / readline() / readlines() → read data
• write() / writelines() → write data
• close() → close the file
File modes:
"r" → Read
"w" → Write (overwrite)
"a" → Append
"b" → Binary
THANK
YOU