Understanding Relations and Functions
Uploaded by
Angelica NacisUnderstanding Relations and Functions
Uploaded by
Angelica NacisRelations and
Functions
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 1
Essential
Questions:
• What is a function?
• What are the characteristics of a function?
• How do you determine if a relation is a
function?
• How is a function different from a relation?
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 2
Some Definitions-
A relation between two variables x and
y is a set of ordered pairs
An ordered pair consists of an x and y-
coordinate
A relation may be viewed as ordered pairs,
mapping design, table, equation, or written
in sentences
x-values are input, independent
variable, domain.
y-values are output, dependent
variable, range
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 3
Example 1:
What makes this a
relation?
{(0, 5), (1, 4), (2, 3), ( 3, 2), (4, 1), (5, 0)}
What is the domain?
•
{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
What is the range?
{-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0}
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 4
Example 2 –
Is this a relation?
Input 4 –5 0 9 –1
Output –2 7
•What is the domain?
{4, -5, 0, 9, -1}
•What is the range?
{-2, 7}
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 5
Is a relation a function?
What is a function?
According to a textbook, “a
function is…a relation in
which every input has
exactly one output”
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions
6
Is a relation a function?
• Focus on the x-coordinates, when given a relation
If the set of ordered pairs has different x-
coordinates,
it IS A function
If the set of ordered pairs has same x-coordinates,
it is NOT a function
•
Y-coordinates have no bearing in
determining functions
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 7
Example 3
{(0, 5), (1, 4), (2, 3), ( 3, 2), (4, 1), (5, 0)}
• Is this a relation?
YES
• Is this a function?
•Hint: Look only at the x-
coordinates
YES
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 8
Example 4
{(–1, 7), (1, 0), (2, 3), (0, 8), (0, 5), (–2, 1)}
• Is this a function?
•Hint: Look only at the x-coordinates
NO
• Is this still a relation?
YES
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 9
Example 5
Which relation mapping represents a
function?
Choice One Choice Two
3 –1 2 2
1 2 –1 3
0 3 3 –2
0
Choice 1
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions
10
Example 6
Which relation mapping represents a function
A. B.
B
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 11
Vertical Line Test
• Vertical Line Test: a relation is a function
if a vertical line drawn through its graph,
passes through only one point.
AKA: “The Pencil Test”
Take a pencil and move it from left to right
(–x to x); if it crosses more than one point,
it is not a function
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 12
Vertical Line Test
Would
this graph
be a
function?
YES
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 13
Vertical Line Test
Would
this graph
be a
function?
NO
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 14
Is the following function
discrete or continuous? What
is the Domain? What is the
Range?
Discrete
-7, 1, 5, 7, 8, 10
1, 0, -7, 5, 2, 8
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 15
Is the following function
discrete or continuous? What
is the Domain? What is the
Range?
discrete
-7, -5, -3, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7
2, 3, 4, 5, 7
Unit 4 - Relations and Functions 16
Example 7
Which situation represents a function?
a. The items in a store to their prices
on a certain date
b. Types of fruits to their colors
There is only one price for each A fruit, such as an apple, from
different item on a certain date. the domain would be associated
The relation from items to price with more than one color, such
makes it a function. as red and green. The relation
from types of fruits to their
colors is not a function.