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Overview of Earth Science and Methods

Earth science encompasses the study of the Earth and its neighboring celestial bodies, with main branches including geology, meteorology, oceanography, astronomy, and environmental science. Each branch focuses on different aspects, such as the solid Earth, atmosphere, marine ecosystems, celestial bodies, and environmental issues. The scientific method is a systematic approach used in Earth science to investigate natural occurrences through a series of steps, from formulating a question to communicating results.

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5 views20 pages

Overview of Earth Science and Methods

Earth science encompasses the study of the Earth and its neighboring celestial bodies, with main branches including geology, meteorology, oceanography, astronomy, and environmental science. Each branch focuses on different aspects, such as the solid Earth, atmosphere, marine ecosystems, celestial bodies, and environmental issues. The scientific method is a systematic approach used in Earth science to investigate natural occurrences through a series of steps, from formulating a question to communicating results.

Uploaded by

nikkoostera
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Earth science

is the study of the Earth


and its neighbour's in
space.
Main branches of Earth science

 Geology
 Meteorology
 Oceanography
 Astronomy
 Environmental Science
Geology

 study the solid Earth,


including its materials,
structures, and the processes
that shape it.
Meteorology
 branch focuses on the
atmosphere and the
processes that produce
weather and climate.
Oceanography

 They study marine


organisms, ecosystem
dynamics, ocean currents,
waves, and geophysical
fluid dynamics.
Astronomy
 It involves the study of
celestial bodies and the
universe as a whole, providing
context for understanding
Earth’s place in space
Environmental Science

 This interdisciplinary field


combines physical, biological,
and information sciences to
study the environment and find
solutions to environmental
problems.
 Earth scientists use their
knowledge to address practical
problems, such as locating and
developing energy and mineral
resources, understanding
natural hazards, and protecting
the environment.
The Scientific
Method involves a
series of steps that
are used to
investigate a natural
occurrence.
We shall take a closer
look at these steps and
the terminology you will
need to understand.
Problem/Question
Observation/Research
Formulate a Hypothesis
Experiment
Collect and Analyze Results
Conclusion
Communicate the Results
Steps of the
Scientific Method
1. Problem/Question: Develop a
question or problem that can be
solved through experimentation.
Steps of the
Scientific Method
2. Observation/Research: Make
observations and research your
topic of interest.
Do you remember the
next step?
Steps of the
Scientific Method
3. Formulate a Hypothesis:
Predict a possible answer to the
problem or question.
Example: If soil temperatures
rise, then plant growth will
increase.
Steps of the
Scientific Method
4. Experiment: Develop and
follow a procedure.
Include a detailed materials list.
The outcome must be
measurable (quantifiable).
Steps of the
Scientific Method
5. Collect and Analyze Results:
Modify the procedure if needed.
Confirm the results by retesting.
Include tables, graphs, and
photographs.
Steps of the
Scientific Method
6. Conclusion: Include a
statement that accepts or
rejects the hypothesis.
Make recommendations for
further study and possible
improvements to the procedure.
Steps of the
Scientific Method
7. Communicate the Results: Be
prepared to present the project
to an audience.
Expect questions from the
audience.
Think you can name all
seven steps?

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