GEOMETRIC
DESIGNS
By:
Emerson Dave A. Silutan, LPT
RECOGNIZING
AND ANALYZING
GEOMETRIC
SHAPES
POLYGONS
-is a two-dimensional
shape with straight
sides
Simple Complex
Polygon Polygon
Convex Concave
Polygon Polygon
SHAPE NUMBER OF SUM OF MEASUREMENT
SIDES INTERNAL OF EACH
ANGLES ANGLE FOR
REGULAR
POLYGON
Triangle 3 180⁰ 60⁰
Quadrilateral 4 360⁰ 90⁰
Pentagon 5 540⁰ 108⁰
Hexagon 6 720⁰ 120⁰
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
Any Polygon n (n-2)x180⁰ (n-2)x180⁰/n
SOLIDS
-a solid or form is the
geometry of a three-
dimensional space, the kind
of space we live in.
SOLIDS
-a solid or form is the
geometry of a three-
dimensional space, the kind
of space we live in.
SOLIDS
-it is called three-dimensional
because there are three
dimensions: width, depth and
height.
SOLID PROPERTIES
SURFACE AREA VOLUME
TYPES OF SOLID
NON-
POLYHEDRA
POLYHEDRA
POLYHEDRA
-are solids
made of flat
surfaces; each
surface is a
polygon.
NON-POLYHEDRA
-are solids
with curved
surfaces or a
mix of curved
and flat
surfaces
PLATONIC SOLID
-is a convex polyhedron
whose faces are all congruent
convex regular polygons
-none of its faces intersect
except at their edges, and it
has the same number of
faces that meet at each of its
vertices
PLATONIC SOLIDS
TETRAHEDRON
4 Faces CUBE OCTAHEDRON
6 Faces 8 Faces
4 Vertices
8 Vertices 6 Vertices
6 edges
12 edges 12 edges
DODECAHEDRON ISOCAHEDRON
12 Faces 20 Faces
20 Vertices 12 Vertices
30 edges 30 edges
EULER’S FORMULA
-deals with shapes called
polyhedra
F+V-E=2
Where:
F is the number of faces
V is the number of vertices or
corners
E is the number of edges
EULER’S FORMULA
Polyhedron Faces Vertices Edges F+V-E = 2
TETRAHEDRON 4 4 6 4+4-6=2
CUBE 6 8 12 6+8-12=2
OCTAHEDRON 8 6 12 8+6-12=2
DODECAHEDRON 12 20 30 12+20-30=2
ICOSAHEDRON 20 12 30 20+12-30=2
PRISM
-is a polyhedron whose sides
are all flat. It has the same
section all along its length,
and its shape is a polygon.
PRISM
Cross Section Cross Section
Square Prism Cube
Cross Section
Cross Section
Triangular Prism
Pentagonal Prism
PYRAMID
-is a polyhedron made
by connecting a base to
an apex
Triangular
PYRAMID
Square
PYRAMID
Pentagonal
PYRAMID
NON-POLYHEDRA
Sphere
-is a perfectly round object in a
three-dimensional space.
NON-POLYHEDRA
Cylinder
-is a three-dimensional solid
object bounded by a curved
surface and two parallel circles
of equal size at the ends.
NON-POLYHEDRA
Torus
-is a solid formed by revolving a
small circle along a line made by
another circle.
NON-POLYHEDRA
Cone
-is made by rotating a triangle.
The triangle has to be a right-
angled triangle and it gets
rotated around one of its two
short sides.
TRANSFORMATIONS
TRANSFORMATIONS
Glide Reflection
SYMMETRY
SYMMETRY
Translation
Rotation Reflection
SYMMETRY
ROSETTE PATTERN
FRIEZE PATTERN
TESSELLATION