EVIDENCE BASED
PRACTICES
Dr Kavitha ashok
ASST. PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF HOSPITAL
ADMINISTRATION
SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of class, students will be able to
• Understand the concept of evidence based practices and evidence based
nursing
• Enumerate the goal of evidence based practices
• Enlist the components of evidence based practices
• Explain the process of evidence based practices
• Enumerate the functions of evidence based practices
WHAT IS EVIDENCE BASED
PRACTICES?
• Evidence-based practices refer to medical interventions, treatments,
or strategies that have been extensively researched, tested, and
proven effective through rigorous scientific studies.
• These practices are designed to improve the quality of healthcare
and enhance patient outcomes.
INTRODUCTION
• Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a problem-solving approach to the
delivery of health care that integrates the best evidence from studies and
patient care data with clinician expertise and patient preferences and
values.
• Clinical expertise refers to the clinician’s cumulated experience,
education and clinical skills. The patient brings to the encounter his or
her own personal preferences and unique concerns, expectations, and
values
Cont..
• EBP is the integration of clinical expertise, patient values, and the best research
evidence into the decision making process for patient care.
• Health care that is evidence-based and conducted in a caring context leads to
better clinical decisions and patient outcomes.
• Gaining knowledge and skills in the EBP process provides nurses and other
clinicians the tools needed to take ownership of their practices and transform
health care
EVIDENCE BASED NURSING
• It is a process by which nurses make clinical decisions using the best
available research evidence, their clinical expertise and patient
preferences
• Evidence based medicine or practice- The conscientious, explicit and
judicious use of current best evidence in making decision about the
care of individual patient.
Cont..
• EBP in nursing is a way of providing nursing care that is guided by
the integration of the best available scientific knowledge with
nursing expertise.
• This approach requires nurses to critically assess relevant scientific
data or research evidence and to implement high quality
interventions for their nursing practice
NEED OF EBP
• For making sure that each client get the best possible services.
• Update knowledge and is essential for lifelong learning.
• Provide clinical judgment.
• Improvement care provided and save lives.
GOAL OF EBP
• Provide practicing nurse the evidence based data to deliver effective care.
• Resolve problem in clinical setting.
• Achieve excellence in care delivery.
• Reduces the variations in nursing care and assist with efficient and
effective decision making.
COMPONENTS OF EBP
Best research evidence
• Actively searching for research evidence is important because gaps
between research and clinical practice can lead to suboptimal quality of
care. These gaps may be due to variations in practices between
different geographical locations or due to the rapid advances in medical
knowledge.
• As a practitioner, you need to be aware that ongoing learning is central
to providing quality care.
Clinical expertise
• Clinical experience is important because research evidence on its
own is not enough to inform practice - it needs to be contextualized
to local environments and specific patients.
• As a practitioner you will need to use your expertise to assess the
research and decide on the best course of action.
Patient values and
circumstances
• Considering your individual patient's values and circumstances is
important because the ideal treatment may not always be appropriate and
you may need to find an alternative course of action.
• For example, patients may not consent to particular treatments due to
religious or cultural reasons, or they may have a medical condition which
prevents them from undertaking certain treatments.
PROCESS OF EBP
Cont..
1. Ask a question
Converting the need for information (about prevention, diagnosis, prognosis,
therapy, causation, etc.) into an answerable question
2. Find information/evidence to answer question
Tracking down the best evidence with which to answer that question
3. Critically appraise the information/evidence
Critically appraising that evidence for its validity (closeness to the truth),
impact (size of the effect), and applicability (usefulness in our clinical practice)
Cont..
4. Integrate appraised evidence with own clinical expertise and
patient’s preferences
Integrating the critical appraisal with our clinical expertise and with our
patient's unique biology, values and circumstances
5. Evaluate
Evaluating our effectiveness and efficiency in executing Steps 1-4 and
seeking ways to improve them both for next time
FUNCTIONS OF EBP
1. Clinical Guidelines
2. Patient safety initiatives
3. Health Information Technology (HIT)
4. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)
5. Team-based Care
6. Patient Engagement and Shared Decision-Making
7. Health Education and Promotion
Clinical Guidelines
• Clinical guidelines are evidence-based recommendations
developed by medical experts to guide healthcare professionals in
diagnosing and treating various medical conditions.
• Following these guidelines ensures standardized and effective care,
reducing variations in practice and improving patient outcomes.
Patient safety initiatives
• Patient safety initiatives aim to prevent medical errors, reduce
harm, and improve the overall safety of healthcare delivery.
• These initiatives include practices such as hand hygiene protocols,
medication reconciliation processes, and implementation of
checklists to ensure proper procedures are followed.
Health Information Technology
(HIT)
• The use of health information technology, such as electronic health
records (EHRs), computerized physician order entry (CPOE), and
clinical decision support systems (CDSS), can improve the quality
and efficiency of healthcare.
• HIT enables better coordination of care, reduces errors, and
facilitates evidence-based decision-making
Continuous Quality Improvement
(CQI)
• CQI is an ongoing, data-driven approach to improving healthcare
processes and outcomes.
• It involves collecting and analyzing data, identifying areas for
improvement, implementing changes, and evaluating their impact.
• CQI promotes a culture of learning, innovation, and accountability
within healthcare organizations.
Team-based Care
• Collaborative and interdisciplinary care models, involving
healthcare professionals from different disciplines, have been
shown to improve patient outcomes.
• Effective teamwork, communication, and coordination among
healthcare providers enhance care coordination, reduce errors, and
optimize patient management.
Patient Engagement and
Shared Decision-Making
• Engaging patients in their healthcare decisions and actively involving
them in the decision-making process improves patient satisfaction,
adherence to treatment plans, and overall health outcomes.
• Shared decision-making allows patients to make informed choices
based on their preferences and values, while considering the best
available evidence.
Health Education and
Promotion
• Providing patients with accurate and evidence-based health
education materials, promoting preventive care, and encouraging
healthy behaviors can significantly impact patient outcomes.
• Effective health education empowers patients to make informed
choices, adopt healthier lifestyles, and actively manage their
conditions.
EVALUATION
• Enumerate the goal of evidence based practices
• Enlist the components of evidence based practices
• Explain the process of evidence based practices
• Enumerate the functions of evidence based practices
THANK YOU