2
nd
LAC Session
August 26, 2025
MARICEL S. GARSON
IMIE J. AGUJAR
LAC Session on
Mastering Learning
Principles: Enhancing
Professional Practice
through Effective
Pedagogy
MARICEL S. GARSON
IMIE J. AGUJAR 0 2 5
A ugu st 1 9 , 2
Session Objectives:
By the end of the session, participants will be able to:
1. Define and explain learning principles and their importance in effective teaching.
2. Identify and describe the key learning principles that guide student learning.
3. Connect learning principles with theories of learning (Constructivism, Behaviorism,
Social Learning).
4. Explore different effective pedagogies aligned with learning principles.
5. Apply learning principles in lesson planning and reflective practice to enhance
professional growth.
Learning Principles-are the
fundamental guidelines about how
people learn most effectively. They are
drawn from research, theories of
learning, and classroom experiences, and
they explain the conditions under which
learning happens best.
Key Learning Principles:
1. Learning is an active 3. Learning is
and constructive enhanced when it is
process. meaningful and
relevant.
2. Learning builds on 4. Learning requires
prior knowledge and practice,
experiences. reinforcement, and
feedback.
Key Learning Principles:
5. Learning is social 7. Learning develops
and collaborative. through scaffolding
and guidance
6. Learning is 8. Learning occurs at
influenced by different rates and in
motivation and different ways.
emotion.
Key Learning Principles:
10. Learning is
9. Learning requires strengthened through
clear goals and transfer and
expectations. application.
Theories Behind
Learning Principles
Constructivism Behaviorism Social Learning
(Piaget, Vygotsky): (Skinner): (Bandura):
Learners construct Reinforcement Students learn by
knowledge; and feedback are observing and
scaffolding and key. modeling others.
collaboration help.
Ways in mastering
learning principles
1. Understand Each Principle Deeply
•Study the definition and meaning of each principle (e.g., “Learning
builds on prior knowledge”).
•Learn the theories behind them (Constructivism, Behaviorism, Social
Learning).
•Reflect on why they matter for effective teaching.
Ways in mastering
learning principles
2. Apply Principles in Lesson Planning
•Align objectives, activities, and assessments with specific principles.
• Example: “Learning is social” → use group discussions or peer
teaching.
• Example: “Learning requires practice and feedback” → include short
quizzes with corrections.
Ways in mastering
learning principles
3. Observe Your Students’ Responses
•Check if applying a principle makes students more engaged, motivated,
and able to understand better.
•Example: Did activating prior knowledge at the start of the lesson help
students grasp the new topic faster?
Ways in mastering
learning principles
4. Reflect on Your Practice
•Keep a reflective journal: note which principles you used, what
worked, and what needs improvement.
•Ask: “Am I teaching in a way that matches how students actually
learn?”
Ways in mastering
learning principles
5. Collaborate with Peers
•Share strategies in LAC sessions or peer observations.
•Learn how others apply learning principles in different subjects and
levels.
Ways in mastering
learning principles
6. Commit to Continuous Professional Growth
•Read new educational research.
•Attend training/seminars on pedagogy and learning principles.
•Be open to new methods that align with principles.
Pedagogy
is the art and science of teaching.
It refers to the methods, approaches, and
strategies that teachers use to help
students learn effectively.
Pedagogy involves:
•Planning lessons
•Choosing teaching methods
•Managing the classroom
•Assessing learning
•Supporting diverse learners
Effective Pedagogy
should be:
•Learner-centered (focus on
students, not just the teacher)
•Engaging and interactive
•Grounded on learning
principles
•Flexible, adapting to learners’
needs
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
1. Inquiry-Based Learning
•Description: Learners explore questions,
problems, or scenarios instead of just receiving
facts.
•Example: In Science, students investigate
“What happens to ice under the sun?” instead
of just being told.
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
2. Experiential Learning (Learning by
Doing)
•Description: Students learn through hands-on
experiences and reflection.
•Example: In TLE, students cook a dish rather
than only reading about the recipe.
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
3. Collaborative Learning
•Description: Group work and peer-to-peer
interaction to solve problems or complete tasks.
•Example: In English, students work in groups
to role-play a story.
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
4. Differentiated Instruction
•Description: Adapting content, process, or
product according to learners’ needs, abilities,
and interests.
•Example: In Math, advanced learners work on
enrichment problems while others use visual
aids and step-by-step guidance.
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
5. Problem-Based Learning (PBL)
•Description: Students learn by solving real-
world problems with critical thinking.
•Example: In Science, students plan how to
reduce plastic waste in school.
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
6. Direct Instruction (Structured Teaching)
•Description: Teacher-led explanation and
demonstration, followed by guided practice.
•Example: In Math, teacher demonstrates long
division, then students practice step-by-step.
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
7. Blended Learning / Technology-
Enhanced Learning
•Description: Combines traditional teaching
with digital tools and resources.
•Example: Using educational apps, videos, and
Google Classroom alongside face-to-face
teaching.
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
8. Reflective Teaching
•Description: Teachers reflect on their
practices and adjust based on learner
outcomes.
•Example: After a lesson, a teacher asks,
“What worked? What needs to change?” and
records this in a journal.
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
9. Culturally Responsive Pedagogy
•Description: Recognizing and respecting
learners’ cultural backgrounds in teaching.
•Example: Using local stories, examples, and
traditions to explain concepts in lessons.
Effective Pedagogies for
Professional Teaching
Practice
10. Scaffolding (Gradual Release of
Responsibility)
•Description: Breaking learning into steps with
teacher support, then slowly giving
independence.
•Example: Teacher models solving a problem →
students solve with guidance → students solve
independently.
Scaffolded Learning: Building Knowledge
Step-by-Step
Effective scaffolded learning supports students by breaking down
complex concepts into manageable parts, facilitating deeper
understanding and retention.
Importance Techniques for Assessing
of Implementatio Progress
Scaffolding n Regular
Use strategies like assessments and
Scaffolding chunking feedback loops
encourages information, are essential for
independent providing outlines, guiding learners
learning by and modeling through the
providing support tasks to help scaffolded process,
when needed and students process ensuring they
gradually reducing and understand master each step
assistance as material before advancing.
students become effectively.
more confident.
Growth Mindset: Embracing
Challenges
Fostering a growth mindset is essential for educators to thrive
and inspire their students to overcome challenges and achieve
their potential.
Understanding Strategies
Embracing for
Growth Mindset Implementati
Challenges on reflection
Incorporating
A growth mindset
encourages individuals By embracing and encouragement,
to view challenges as challenges, educators educators can create a
opportunities for model positive learning environment
growth rather than behavior, that promotes a growth
obstacles, fostering demonstrating that mindset and supports
resilience and effort and persistence student development.
perseverance. can lead to success
and skill development.
Actionable Strategies for
Enhancing Professional
Practice
Effective approaches to improve teaching and
learning
Strategies for Fostering Techniques for
Student Engagement Continuous
Professional Growth
• Utilize interactive • Attend relevant
technology tools training sessions
• Incorporate real- • Engage in peer
world scenarios observations
• Design inclusive • Implement
group activities reflective teaching
practices
Output/
workshop:
• Lesson planning
• Reflective Journal
Presentation
of
output
Key takeaways:
Learning principles Theories
Effective pedagogies Mastery of learning
are the fundamental (Constructivism,
include inquiry- principles requires
guidelines on how Behaviorism, Social based learning, understanding,
people learn best, Learning) provide experiential application,
grounded in theory, the foundation for learning, reflection,
research, and these principles and collaboration, collaboration, and
experience. guide classroom differentiation, continuous growth.
Ten key principles strategies. problem-based Teachers enhance
highlight that Pedagogy is the art learning, direct professional practice
learning is active, and science of instruction, blended by designing lessons
meaningful, social, teaching; effective learning, reflective that apply learning
motivational, pedagogy emerges practice, culturally principles and by
when aligned with responsive maintaining reflective
scaffolded, diverse,
learning principles. pedagogy, and journals to improve
goal-driven, and
scaffolding. teaching strategies.
transferable.
Announcement
Acknowledgemen
t