SESSION 4

SECONDARY 2
Science

Prepared by:
JUMARI S. SAPIO
1. A particle is projected with velocity 39.2 m/s at
the angle of projection from the horizon. The
particle will reach a perpendicular direction with its
direction of projection at ____?
A. 6 seconds
B. 8 seconds
C. 2 seconds
D. 16 seconds
when the particle reach a perpendicular direction with its trajectory
it means that it reaches its maximum height. At maximum height its
Given:
2. A bullet is fired upwards at an angle of to the
horizontal on a hilltop, and it strikes a target which is 80
m below the top of the hill. The initial velocity of the
bullet is 100 m/s. Calculate the maximum height to which
the bullet will rise above the horizontal from the ground.
A. 150.8 meters
B. 127.6 meters
C. 207.6 meters
D. 140.2 meters
to calculate the maximum height we must first find the time when it
reaches the maximum height which means that at this point

80 m
then we will utilize the time we obtained to get the value of the
maximum height.

the calculated maximum height is from

the launching point but the question ask
us to get the maximum height from the
ground so we will add the calculated
maximum height to 80 m.
80 m
3. A model rocket flies horizontally off the edge of
the cliff at a velocity of 50 m/s. If the canyon below
is 100 m deep, how far from the edge of the cliff
does the model rocket land.
A. 112 meters
B. 337 meters
C. 225 meters
D. 400 meters
First we have to find the time where the rocket lands on the ground

100 m
then we will use the time to get the distance from the cliff to the site
where the rocket will land

100 m
4. A stone of mass 0.2 kg is tied to one end of a thread
of length 0.1 m and whirled in a vertical circle. When
the stone is at the lowest point of the circle, the
tension in the thread is 52 N , then the velocity of the
stone will be:
A. 4 m/s
B. 5 m/s
C. 6 m/s
D. 7 m/s
to find the velocity of the stone first we have to find the acceleration
cause by the tension force.
then we will utilize the calculated
acceleration to get the velocity.
5. Consider if a truck of mass 500 kg is taking a turn
around the banked friction less road of radius 40 m
and the maximum velocity the truck can achieve is
20 m/s, in this case what should be the angle of
banking?
A. 30 degrees
B. 45 degrees
C. 25 degrees
D. 40 degrees
 2
𝑚𝑣
2 𝐹 𝑐𝑥= cos 𝜃 −𝑚𝑔 sin 𝜃=0
𝑣 𝑟
𝐹 𝑐 =𝑚𝑎 ; 𝑎= 𝑚𝑣
2
𝑟 𝐹 𝑐𝑦 = sin 𝜃 −𝑚𝑔 cos θ=0
𝑟

from
2 2
𝑚𝑣 𝑣 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
cos 𝜃=𝑚𝑔 sin θ =
𝑟 𝑟𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
𝑊 =𝑚𝑔 2
m 𝑣 cos 𝜃=𝑟 𝑚𝑔 sin θ 𝑣
2
= tan 𝜃
𝑟𝑔
FBD:

( ) ( )
2
2 𝑚
𝑣 ( 20 )
𝜃=𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 𝜃=𝑡𝑎𝑛
−1 𝑠

𝑊𝑥 𝐹 𝑐𝑥 𝑟𝑔 (40 𝑚 )( 9 . 8
𝑚
𝑠
2
)

𝜽
𝑊𝑦 θ 𝐹 𝑐𝑦 𝜽=𝟒𝟓.𝟓𝟕𝟖𝟕
W 𝐹𝑐
6. Where is the protein named alpha keratin found
in the body?

[Link]
B. Skin
C. Intestine
D. Lymph
Alpha keratin is a type of fibrous structural protein that plays a crucial
role in the composition and function of various tissues in the body.

Alpha keratin is primarily found in the skin, particularly in the

epidermis. The outermost layer of skin contains keratinocytes, which
produce keratin proteins that help form a barrier against environmental
damage, pathogens, and water loss.

The presence of alpha keratin in skin serves vital functions related to

protection and structural integrity.
7. From the following options which is a non-
reducing carbohydrate?
A. Glucose
B. Maltose
C. Sucrose
D. Fructose
Reducing carbohydrates are those that can donate electrons or reduce
another molecule. This property is typically due to the presence of a free
aldehyde or ketone group in their structure. Common examples include
monosaccharides like glucose and fructose, as well as some disaccharides like
maltose.

Non-reducing carbohydrates, on the other hand, do not have a free aldehyde

or ketone group available for reduction. A classic example of a non-reducing
sugar is sucrose, which is composed of glucose and fructose linked by a
glycosidic bond that prevents either sugar from acting as a reducing agent.
8. Which of the following is the non-proteinaceous
enzyme?
A. Deoxyribonuclease
B. Ligase
C. Ribozyme
D. Lysozyme
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living
organisms. Most enzymes are proteins, which are made up of amino acids.

Ribozyme have catalytic properties, meaning they can catalyze biochemical

reactions without being proteins. Ribozymes play crucial roles in various biological
processes, including RNA splicing and peptide bond formation during protein
synthesis.

Ribozymes are RNA molecules that have enzymatic activity. Unlike most enzymes,
which are proteins, ribozymes are made up of RNA and can catalyze specific
biochemical reactions. This makes them non-proteinaceous enzymes.
9. Which enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of
glucose?
A. Glucosidase
B. Trypsin
C. Pepsin
D. Alcalase
Glucosidase is an enzyme specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of
glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates, including disaccharides and
polysaccharides. Glucosidase break down these larger carbohydrate
molecules into monosaccharides like glucose. Therefore, glucosidase is
directly involved in the hydrolysis of glucose.

The enzyme among the options that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose
is glucosidase. Thus, the correct answer is A. Glucosidase.
10. Which is the most abundant protein in the
human body?
A. Collagen
B. Myosin
C. Actin
D. Albumin
Collagen is a structural protein that plays a crucial role in providing
strength and support to various tissues, including skin, bones, tendons,
and ligaments. It is estimated that collagen constitutes about 30% of
the total protein content in the human body. There are several types of
collagen (at least 16), with Type I being the most prevalent.

Collagen stands out as the most abundant protein in the human body
due to its extensive presence across various tissues and its significant
contribution to overall protein composition.
11. A sample of oxygen occupies 47.2 liters under a
pressure of 1240 torr at . What volume would it
occupy at if the pressure were decreased to 730
torr?
A. 29.3 L
B. 32.3 L
C. 47.8 L
D. 80.2 L
based on the question we can inspect that the temperature is
constant, so we can use Boyle’s Law

𝑃 1 𝑉 1= 𝑃 2 𝑉 2
𝑃1𝑉 1
𝑉 2=
𝑃2
( 1240 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑟 ) ( 47 . 2 𝐿)
𝑉 2=
730 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑟
𝑽 𝟐=𝟖𝟎. 𝟏𝟕𝟓 𝑳
12. The volume of a sample of nitrogen is 6 L at
and 740 torr. What volume will it occupy at STP?
A. 5.46 L
B. 6.95 L
C. 5.67 L
D. 5.18 L
Note: STP means Standard Temperature and Pressure; T = 273.15 K,
P = 1 atm
Conversion
s: 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚
740 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑟 × =0 . 97368 𝑎𝑡𝑚
760 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑟

35 ℃+273 .15=308 .15 𝐾

𝑃1𝑉 1 𝑃2 𝑉 2
=
𝑇1 𝑇2
𝑃1𝑉 1 𝑇2 (0 . 97368 𝑎𝑡𝑚)(6 𝐿)(273 . 15 𝐾 )
𝑉 2= 𝑉 2= =5 . 178 𝐿
𝑃2 𝑇1 (1 𝑎𝑡𝑚)(308 . 15 𝐾 )
13. The density of chlorine gas at STP, in grams per
liter, is approximately:
A. 6.2 g/L
B. 3.2 g/L
C. 3.9 g/L
D. 4.5 g/L
To get the density we have to know the molar mass of and volume
first. We can get this using the Ideal Gas Laws.

1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑙2 =2(35 . 45 𝑔)=70 .9 𝑔

𝐿 ∙ 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑃𝑉 =𝑛𝑅𝑇 ; 𝑅=0 . 082057
𝐾 ∙ 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛𝑅𝑇
𝑉=
𝑃
𝐿 ∙ 𝑎𝑡𝑚
( 1𝑚𝑜𝑙)(0 .082057 ) (273 .15 𝐾 )
𝐾 ∙ 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑉=
(1 𝑎𝑡𝑚)

𝑚 70 . 9 𝑔 𝒈
𝜌= = =𝟑 .𝟏𝟔
𝑉 =22. 41 𝐿 𝑉 22 . 41 𝐿 𝑳
14. What pressure (in atm) would be exerted by
76 g of fluorine gas in a 1.5 L vessel at -37℃?
A. 26 atm
B. 4.1 atm
C. 9,600 atm
D. 84 atm
To get the pressure we have to know how many moles of are there in
76 g of .
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑜𝑓 𝐹 2=2 (18 . 998 𝑔)=37 . 996 𝑔 Conversion:
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑜𝑓 𝐹 2 −37 ℃+273. 15=308 . 15 𝐾
76 𝑔 × =2 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐹 2
37 . 996 𝑔
𝑃𝑉 =𝑛𝑅𝑇
𝑛𝑅𝑇
𝑃=
𝑉
𝐿∙ 𝑎𝑡𝑚
(2 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠)( 0 . 082057 )(236 . 15 𝐾 )
𝐾 ∙𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑃=
1.5 𝐿

𝑷=𝟐𝟓.𝟖𝟑𝟕 𝒂𝒕𝒎
15. What is the density of ammonia gas at 2.00 atm
pressure and a temperature of 25℃?
A. 0.720 g/L
B. 0.980 g/L
C. 1.39 g/L
D. 16.6 g/L
To get the density we have to know the molar mass of and volume
first. We can get this using the Ideal Gas Laws.
Conversion:
𝑁𝐻 3 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑜𝑓 𝑁𝐻 3 :
25 ℃+273 .15=298 .15 𝐾

𝐿 ∙ 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑃𝑉 =𝑛𝑅𝑇 ; 𝑅=0 . 082057
𝐾 ∙ 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿∙ 𝑎𝑡𝑚
( 1𝑚𝑜𝑙)(0 .082057 ) (298 .15 𝐾 )
𝐾 ∙ 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑉=
2 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑚 17 .034 𝑔 𝒈
𝑉 =12 . 23 𝐿 𝜌= = =𝟏 .𝟑𝟗
𝑉 12 . 23 𝐿 𝑳
For nos. 16-18: Refer to the diagram and stem provided below:

The rock cycle is a process in which rocks are continuously transformed between the
three rock types igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. Rocks of any type can be
converted into any other type, or into another rock of the same type. Conversion
to metamorphic rocks requires conditions of increased temperature and/or increased
pressure, conversion to sedimentary rocks occurs
via the intermediate stage of sediments. If the
sediments are buried under further layers of
sediment, they can become lithified to produce
a sedimentary rock. Conversion to igneous rocks
occurs via the intermediate stage of magma.
When the magma solidifies, it becomes
an igneous rock.
16. From the diagram above what could be the
earth processes involve in Path A?
A. Cooling and crystalization
B. Weathering and deposition
C. Burial and lithification
D. Cooling and uplift
Burial occurs when more
sediments are piled onto existing
sediments, and layers formed
earlier are covered and
compacted. Lithification is what
happens — at depths of hundreds
to thousands of metres — when
those compacted sediments
become cemented together to
form solid sedimentary rock.
17. From the diagram above what could be the
earth processes involve in Path B?
A. Uplift, weathering and erosion, deposition
B. Melting, crystallization, heat and pressure
C. Deposition, heat and pressure, weathering
D. Deposition, lithification and crystallization
Rock exposed by mountain building or even modest
uplift weathers and erodes and the
resulting sediments can form sedimentary rocks.
18. What could be the factors that will contribute in
converting sedimentary rock to metamorphic
rocks?
A. Melting and pressure
B. Heat and Pressure
C. Crystallization and Heat
D. Burial and lithification
The transformation of sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks is a complex
geological process that primarily involves changes in temperature and pressure
conditions. This process is known as metamorphism, which can occur in various
environments, such as at tectonic plate boundaries or deep within the Earth’s crust.

Increased heat can cause minerals within the rock to recrystallize, leading to new
mineral formations and textures. Additionally, pressure—often due to overlying
rock layers or tectonic forces—can cause compaction and further alteration of
mineral structures. This combination of heat and pressure is essential for
transforming sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks.
19. New seafloor is created at a ______?
A. Deep-sea trench
B. Mid-ocean ridge
C. Subduction zone
D. Transform fault
Mid-ocean ridges are underwater mountain ranges formed by plate
tectonics. They are characterized by a divergent boundary where two
tectonic plates are moving away from each other. As these plates
separate, magma from the mantle rises to fill the gap, solidifying to
form new oceanic crust.

The correct answer is B. Mid-ocean ridge, as this is where new seafloor

is actively created through volcanic activity and magma upwelling.
20. The descent of oceanic lithosphere into the
mantle is the process of_____?
A. Accretion
B. Subduction
C. Divergence zone
D. Contraction fault
Subduction is defined as the geological process in which one tectonic plate
moves under another and sinks into the mantle as the plates converge. This
is a critical mechanism in plate tectonics and is responsible for many
geological phenomena, including earthquakes and volcanic activity. In this
context, oceanic lithosphere, which is denser than continental lithosphere,
will subduct beneath lighter continental plates or other oceanic plates when
they collide.

B. Subduction is clearly identified as the correct answer since it directly

describes the process by which oceanic lithosphere descends into the
mantle.