CT & I
Lecture -3
Amey Naik Dessai
Assistant Professor, Department of
Mechanical Engineering, PCCE
CT & I
Market PULL
&
Technology Push
CT & I
What is Market Pull?
Market Pull (or demand pull) refers to the innovation that
is driven by the needs and demands of the market.
Companies develop new products or improve existing
ones based on what consumers are asking for or what
they believe will meet consumer needs.
CT & I
What is Market Pull?
Performance → Clearer phones
Cost → Cheaper motor cars
Safety → Safer aircraft
CT & I Examples
1. Smartphones: The demand for mobile phones with more
features, better cameras, and faster processing power has driven
continuous innovation in the smartphone industry.
2. Electric Vehicles (EVs): Increasing consumer demand for
environmentally friendly and cost-efficient transportation has led to
the development and refinement of electric vehicles.
3. Health and Wellness Products: The growing awareness and
concern for health and wellness have led to an increase in products
like fitness trackers (e.g., Fitbit), health supplements, and organic
foods.
CT & I
What is Technology Push ?
Materials → CFRP
Processes → Micro-electronics
Inventions → Nexus bicycle Hub
CT & I
What is Technology Push ?
Technology Push refers to innovations that are driven by
advancements in technology. In this approach, companies develop
new products or services based on new technological capabilities,
even if there is not an immediate market demand for them. The idea
is that the new technology will create its own demand as consumers
see the benefits.
CT & I Example
•Personal Computers: Early personal computers were
developed based on technological advancements, even
though there was initially limited consumer demand.
•Internet of Things (IoT): Technological advancements in
sensors, connectivity, and data analytics have led to the
development of IoT devices.
•3D Printing: Advances in 3D printing technology were
initially driven by research and development in materials and
printing techniques. Over time, this technology has found
applications in various industries, including healthcare
(prosthetics), automotive (custom parts), and consumer
goods.
CT & I
What is Force Field Analysis
Force Field Analysis is a decision-making tool developed by Kurt Lewin, used
to identify and analyze the forces that support or oppose a change initiative.
It is often used in organizational development and change management to
understand the dynamics involved in implementing a change and to develop
strategies to strengthen the supportive forces and reduce the opposing
forces.
CT & I
Key Components of Force Field
Analysis:
[Link] Forces: These are the forces that support or push for change. They
can be internal or external factors that make the change desirable or
necessary. Examples include market demands, technological advancements,
competitive pressure, and internal objectives.
[Link] Forces: These are the forces that oppose or hinder change.
They can be barriers such as employee resistance, lack of resources, existing
organizational culture, and regulatory constraints.
CT & I FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS
Problem
Driving Restraining Forces
Example
factors
Traffic
Garbage
1. Background of the creative engineering team
2. List the factors driving towards a solution
3. List the factors constraining or restraining the solution
4. Ranking of the Factors
5. Creative Thinking
6. Evaluation of Feasibility – Society – Technology – Business
7. Action Needed
8. Duties & Responsiblities
9. Completion Criteria Rousing Creativity – Floyd Hurt
CT & I
Example of Force Field Analysis
Imagine a company wants to implement a new
software system to improve productivity.
1. Driving Force?
2. Restraining force?