Electronic
Measuring
Instruments
Types and Measurement
Procedures (Resistance, Voltage,
Current, Frequency, Period)
With Illustrations
What are Electronic Measuring Instruments?
Devices that measure electrical Used in troubleshooting, testing, Categories: General-purpose
parameters such as voltage, and developing electronic circuits. (DMM, Oscilloscope) and
current, resistance, frequency, and specialized (LCR meter, Spectrum
period. Analyzer).
Types of Electronic Measuring
Instruments
Digital Multimeter Analog Multimeter – Oscilloscope –
(DMM) – Measures Uses a moving-coil Displays waveform
voltage, current, needle to show and measures
resistance, and more. measurements. frequency and period.
Clamp Meter – LCR Meter –
Frequency Counter –
Measures current Measures inductance,
Measures frequency
without breaking the capacitance, and
directly.
circuit. resistance.
Turn off Turn off power to the circuit or component.
Set Set the multimeter to resistance (Ω) mode.
How to
Measure Place Place the probes across the component
terminals.
Resistance
Read Read the resistance value from the display.
Ensure Ensure no parallel paths affect the reading.
• 1. Keep the circuit powered
ON.
• 2. Set the multimeter to DCV
or ACV depending on the
How to source.
• 3. Connect the probes in
Measure PARALLEL to the component
Voltage or points of interest.
• 4. Read the voltage from the
display.
• 5. Observe correct polarity for
DC measurement.
• 1. Turn OFF the power and
open the circuit where
current flows.
• 2. Set the multimeter to
How to current mode (A or mA).
Measure • 3. Insert the meter in SERIES
with the circuit.
Current • 4. Turn ON the power and
observe the current reading.
• 5. For AC, use a clamp meter
around a single conductor.
How to Measure Frequency & Period
2. Adjust time base until
1. Connect the signal
Using an Oscilloscope: at least 2 cycles are
probe and ground.
visible.
3. Measure the period
4. Calculate frequency: f Using a Frequency
(T) using cursors or
= 1/T. Counter:
auto-measure function.
1. Connect the signal 2. Read the frequency
input to the counter. directly from the display.
• • Digital Multimeter
Illustrations • • Analog Multimeter
of • • Oscilloscope
Instruments • • Clamp Meter
• • Frequency Counter