SRI RAMAKRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
[Educational Service : SNR Sons Charitable Trust]
[Autonomous Institution, Accredited by NAAC with ‘A+’ Grade]
[Approved by AICTE and Permanently Affiliated to Anna
by NBA]
VATTAMALAIPALAYAM, N.G.G.O. COLONY POST, COIMBATORE – 641 022.
PROJECT
FIRST REVIEW
PLANNING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF
APARTMENT BUILDING
Presented by GUIDED BY:
Mr. A. Dinesh
Gokul. S (1909009) ASSISTANT PROFESSOR/CIVIL
Karthikeyan. P (1909016) SRI RAMAKRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Praveen. B (1909027) COIMBATORE
CONTENTS
Introduction
Objectives
Methodology
Floor Plan
Details of Apartment Building
Beam Column Drawing
Review on NBC code regulation
Analysis on [Link].
Design
INTRODUCTION
Apartment building is where 3 or more residences are occupied within
one building structure.
Mostly apartments are constructed for residential purpose. Some may
also be constructed for commercial purposes like shops, complexes etc.
Apartment buildings are greatly useful in metropolitan cities as it
consumes less area and can provide residences for large population.
Apartment usually gives a better security to the inhabitants.
Apartment may have amenities like club house , swimming pool, ATM
etc.
Apartment usually has better ventilation and sunlight.
INTRODUCTION
Vertical occupancy of the apartment is more compared to the
horizontal occupancy.
The cost of each residential home is determined as rate per [Link]
OBJECTIVES
To plan the apartment building (G+3) floor using AUTO CAD software as per NBC code
regulation.
To analyse the building using STAAD pro software
To design the building using STAAD pro software and validating by manual calculation as
per IS 456 : 2000
METHODOLOGY
Review on NBC code regulation
Review on IS 456 : 2000
Planning of Apartment building
• Ground floor
• First floor
Analysis of Apartment building
• Second floor
• Third floor
Design of Apartment building • Beam
• Column
• Slab
• Beam
• Column
• Footing
• Staircase
FLOOR PLAN
Ground Floor N
[Link] G.F Joinery Nos Size
details
1 M.D 4 1 m×2.1m
2 D1 16 0.9m×2.1m
3 W1 10 1.2m×1.2m
4 W2 5 0.9m × 1.2m
5 V 6 0.6m × 0.6m
FLOOR PLAN
First Floor
N
[Link] G.F Joinery Nos Size
details
1 M.D 4 1 m×2.1m
2 D1 16 0.9m×2.1m
3 W1 10 1.2m×1.2m
4 W2 5 0.9m × 1.2m
5 V 6 0.6m × 0.6m
FLOOR PLAN
Second Floor N
[Link] G.F Joinery Nos Size
details
1 M.D 4 1 m×2.1m
2 D1 16 0.9m×2.1m
3 W1 10 1.2m×1.2m
4 W2 5 0.9m × 1.2m
5 V 6 0.6m × 0.6m
FLOOR PLAN
Third Floor
N
[Link] G.F Joinery Nos Size
details
1 M.D 4 1 m×2.1m
2 D1 16 0.9m×2.1m
3 W1 10 1.2m×1.2m
4 W2 5 0.9m × 1.2m
5 V 6 0.6m × 0.6m
DETAILS OF APARTMENT BUILDING
o Type of Building : Multistorey Residential Building
o No of storey : G+3
o Shape of Building : Rectangle
o Plot area : 464.515 sq.m (22.25m × 20.85m )
o Total Build up area : 1080 sq.m
The Plot is west faced.
Each floor consists of 4 residential house.
Each residential house has an area of 75.74 sq.m ( 8.4m × 8.8m).
Two floors on north side facing south & two floors on south side facing south.
DETAILS OF APARTMENT BUILDING
North side building
• Living room - 4.8m × 4.8m
• Bed room - 3m × 3m
• Dining room - 3m × 1.8m
• Kitchen - 3m × 3m
• Bathroom - 1.8m × 1.5m
Two house on north side facing south.
Each house has a living room, 2 bedrooms with attached bathroom, dining room and a kitchen.
DETAILS OF APARTMENT BUILDING
South side building
• Living room - 3m × 4.3m
• Bedroom 1 - 4.8m × 3m
• Bedroom 2 - 3m × 4.8m
• Kitchen - 3m × 3.7m
• Bathroom - 1.8m × 2.4m
Two house on South side facing north.
Each house has a living room, 2 bedrooms with attached bathroom, and a kitchen.
BEAM COLUMN DRAWING
Plinth Beam Layout
N
BEAM COLUMN DRAWING
Column Drawing
N
Review on NBC code regulation
North side building
Room Description Minimum dimension Provided Dimension
as per NBC
Living room 9.5 sq.m 23.81 sq.m
Bedroom 1 9.5 sq.m 10.23 sq.m
Bedroom 2 7.5 sq.m 10.23 sq.m
Kitchen 4.5 sq.m 10.23 sq.m
Bathroom 1.8 sq.m 2.78 sq.m
Review on
Review on NBC
NBC codel
code regulation
regulation
South side building
Room Description Minimum dimension Provided Dimension
as per NBC
Living room 9.5 sq.m 13.02 sq.m
Bedroom 1 9.5 sq.m 14.88 sq.m
Bedroom 2 7.5 sq.m 14.88 sq.m
Kitchen 4.5 sq.m 11.16 sq.m
Bathroom 1.8 sq.m 3.2 sq.m
Analysis
Assigning nodes in [Link].
Analysis
Floor details provided
Analysis
Plate assigned for each floor
Analysis
Plat thickness provided
Analysis
Column details provided
Analysis
Beam details provided
Analysis
Support Given
Analysis
Load details provided – dead load, live load & combination load
Analysis
Self weight provided
Analysis
Dead load provided
Analysis
Live load given
Analysis
Combination of live and dead load
Analysis
Concrete design details
Analysis
Result
Analysis
Displacement
Analysis
Support reaction
Analysis
Beam end force for dead load
Analysis
Beam end force for live load
Analysis
Beam end force for combination load
Analysis
Design of Beam – shear force
Analysis
Design of Beam – Bending moment
Analysis
Design of Beam – concrete design
Analysis
Design of column – shear force
Analysis
Design of column – Bending moment
Analysis
Design of column – Concrete design
Analysis
Footing Analysis
DESIGN OF BEAM
DESIGN OF BEAM
DATA:
Clear span = 5m
Wide of support = 230mm
Service load = 3KN/m
Grade of material = M20 & Fe415
1. Stress & Load factor:
fck = 20 N/mm^2
fy = 415 N/mm^2
Load factor = 1.5
2. Dimension of beam:
Depth of beam is fixed based on L/D ratio
Effective depth = Span/(L/D) ratio Span: L/D ratio:
= 5000/12 3 to 4m 15 to 20
=450mm 5 to 10m 12 to 15
Above 10m 12
DESIGN OF BEAM
Adopt,
d = 450mm
d’ = 50mm 500mm 450mm
D = 500mm
0 0 0 0
Take
300mm
b = 300mm.
Effective span of beam
1) Centre to Centre support = 5+(0.23)
= 5.23
2) Clear span of effective depth = 5+0.450
=5.450
L eff = 5.23m
3) Load calculation:
previous page
= Total Load = 32.475KN/m
DESIGN OF BEAM
4) Bending moment & Shear force:
B.M
Mu = wL^2/8 = 32.475 x (5.45)^2/8
= 120.573 KNm
Shear Force
V = WxL/2 = 32.475 x (5.45)/2
= 88.494 KN
5) Check for Mu & Mu lim
Mu lim = 0.138 fck bd^2
= 0.138 x 20 x 300 x (450)^2
= 167.67 KNm
Mu lim > Mu
Under reinforcement.
7) Area of Tension reinforcement.
Ast x fy
Mu = 0.87 x fy x Ast x d1 - b x d x fck
DESIGN OF BEAM
Ast x 415
120.573 x 10^6 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 450 1 - 300x 456 x 20
120.573 x 10^6 = 162474.5 Ast [ 1- 1.537 x 10^-4 Ast ]
120.573 x 10^6 = 162472.5 Ast – 24.972 Ast^2
24.972 Ast^2 – 162472.5 Ast + 120.573 x 10^6
= 854.283mm^2 .
Min Ast:
[Ast/bd] = (0.85/fy)
=> Ast = [0.85 x 300 x 450/ 415]
= 276.50 mm^2.
DESIGN OF BEAM
No. of. Bars = 854.283
𝝅/ 4x 16^2
≈ 4 bars.
Provide 4 mm bars of 10 mm dia.
7) Check for shear & Design of shear reinforcement.
Nominal shear
𝜏 v = v/b x d
= 88.494 x 10^3 / 300 x 450 = 0.65 N/mm^2
Permissable shear:
100 x Ast/bd = 100 x 803:84 / 300 x 450
= 0.6%.
0.5 – 0.48 -0.6
0.75 – 0.56
𝜏c = 0.512 N/mm^2
𝜏v > 𝜏c
DESIGN OF BEAM
Provide Nominal and Permissable reinforcement using 8mm dia two legged stripps.
For 𝜏v > 𝜏c
Sv = 0.87 x fy x Asu x d / Vus
Vus = Vu - 𝜏c bd
= 88.494 x 10^3 – 0.512 x 300 x 450
Nus = 19374N
Sv = 0.87 x 415 x 2 x 𝝅/4 x 8^2 x 450
19374
= 0.87 x 415 x 100.48 x 450 / 19374
Sv = 842.636 mm.
DESIGN OF BEAM
Spacing:
0.75d = 0.75 x 450 = 337.5mm
≈300mm
Provide 8mm dia bar of 2 legged stirrups with 300mm c/c spacing.
8) Check for deflection:
(L/d)max = (L/d)basic x Kt x Kc x Kf
Kt = 1.15
Fs = 0.58 x 415 x 854.283 / 803.84 = 255
Kc = 1 - Because no compression reinforcement.
Kf = 1
(L/d)max = 12 x 1.15 x 1 x 1.
= 13.8
(L/d)max > (L/d)actual.
Hence safe.
DESIGN OF BEAM
Result:
• 4 bars of 16mm dia.
• 8mm dia bar of 2 legged stirrups with 300mm c/c.
• 2 bar of 12mm hanger bar.
DESIGN OF COLUMN
DESIGMN OF COLUMN
DATA:
fck = 20 N/mm2
fy = 415 N/mm2
L=3m Column chosen
B = 400 mm
D = 600 mm
LOAD ON COLUMN:
i) Self weight of column
= 25 × (15 × 0.4 × 0.6)
1.5m
= 25 × 3.6
1.5m
= 90 KN/m 2.5m
ii) Beam self weight 2.5m
= 25 ×(4 × 0.3 × 0.5) Influence area
= 15
Beam load on one floor = 15+15
= 30
Total beam load on all floor
= 30 × 5 = 150 kN
DESIGN OF COLUMN
iii) Wall load
= 0.23 × (3-0.5) × 20 = 11.5 KN/m
= (11.5 × 3) / 2 = 17.25 KN
= (11.5 × 5 ) / 2 = 28.75 KN
Total wall load = 72 × 4 = 288 KN
iv) Total load from slab
= load from slab × influence area
= 8.75 × 16 = 140
= 140 × 4 = 560 KN
Total Load on Column = 1088 KN
EFFECTIVE LENGTH
Unsupported Length (Lo) = 3m
Leff = 0.65 × L = 0.65 × 3000 = 1950mm
DESIGN OF COLUMN
Slenderness ratio
With respect to major axis
λx = Leff/D = 1950/600 = 3.25 < 12
Therefore short column
With respect to minor axis
λy = Leff/B = 1950/400 = 4.825 < 12
Therefpre short column
Maximum permitted Unsupported length
B = 400mm
D = 600mm
when both ends are fixed
l = 60 × 400 = 24m
Gross area (Ag) = B × D
= 400 × 600
= 240000mm2
MINIMUM ECCENTICITY:
For longer side
emin = L/500 + D/30 + 3000/500 + 600/30 = 26mm
DESIGN OF COLUMN
Also , 0.05 × D = 0.05 x 600 = 30mm > e min
For Short side
emin = L/500 + D/30 + 3000/500 + 400/30
= 19.33mm
Also , 0.05 × D = 0.05 x 600 = 20mm > e min
The column to be designed is axially loaded short column
P = 1088KN
Pu =1.5 × 1088 = 1632 KN
Assume 1% of steel
Ac = Ag – Asc
Asc = 1% of Ag = 0.01 Ag
Ac = Ag – 0.01 Ag = 0.99 Ag
Longitudinal Reinforcement
Asc = 0.01 Ag
= 0.01 × 240000
DESIGN OF COLUMN
Provide 20 mm dia bars
No of bars = Asc / asc = 2400 /(π/4 × 20^2 )
=7.6 = 8 bars
Provide 8mm dia bars of 20 mm dia
Asc provided = n × (π/4 × 20^2 )
= 2512 mm^2
Asc provided is greater . Hence safe
Lateral ties
i) Diameter of ties
= 1/4 × Diameter of longitudinal bar
= 1/4 × 20
= 5mm
Provide 6mm ties
ii) Tie spacing
• 16 × Dia of longitudinal bar = 16 ×20 = 320mm
• 48 d = 48 × 6 = 266mm
• 300mm
Provide 8 mm dia @ 300mm c/c
DESIGN OF COLUMN
DESIGN OF FOOTING
1. FOOTING DESIGN:
Size of column= 400mm x 600mm
Load = 1088 KN/m2
Safe bearing capacity = 250 KN/m2
M20 & Fe 415 grade material.
[Link] CALCULATION
Given Load : P =1088 KN/m2
Self w.t of footing = 10% of column load = 10 % x 1088 = 108.8 KN
Total Load = 1088 + 108.8 = 1196.8 KN
Factured load = 1.5 x total load = 1.5 x 1196.8 = 1795.2 KN
[Link] OF FOOTING
Total load = 1196.8 KN
Assuming Square footing with Area of BxB = B2
DESIGN OF FOOTING
Area of Footing= B^2 = (Total Load / SBC) = (1196.8 / 250) = 4.78m 2
B = √4.78 = 2.189 m
So, Take B=2.2x 2.2 ,so Find area of footing
Area of footing = 2.2 x 2.2= 4.84 m2
4. CALCULATION OF NET UPWARD PRESSURE @ULTIMATE LOAD :
Ultimate Load = 1795.2 KN
soil pressure = qu = (Total Load / Area of footing) = (1795.2 / 4.84) = 370.90 KN/m 2
= 0.37 N/mm2
[Link] FOR ONE-WAY SHEAR
1
Vu = (qu x B)/2 (B – C1 -2d) = ((0.37 x 2200)/2(2200-400-2d) =407(1800 – 2d) -----
Assuming % of steel in footing
Pt = 0.25% from Table 19 .I.S 456.2000
2
Design shear strength = τc = 0.36 N/mm
One way Shear resistance = Vc = τc x bd = Vc = 0.36 x 2200d = 792d ------
1 2
DESIGN OF FOOTING
By solving
407(1800 – 2d) = 792d
d = 526mm
Take cover of 54mm
Overall depth = 526 + 54 =580mm
[Link] FOR PUNCHING SHEAR/ TWO-WAY SHEAR
Factured S.F
Vu2 = Qu (B2 – (C1 + d) 2)
Vu2 = 0.37(2200 2 – (400 + 460) 2) = 1517.14 KN
Punching / Two-way Shear
Vc2 = Ks τc bd
b = 4(c + d) = 4(400 + 460) = 3440
Permissible stress (shear) I.S 456.2000
τc = 0.25 √fck = 0.25 √ 20 = 1.18 N/mm 2
DESIGN OF FOOTING
So. Two way shear
Vc = 1 x 1.118 x 3440 = 3845 KN
So hence Vc>Vu
Factored S.F > Punching Shear
Hear,It is safe to provide 500mm Depth
[Link] REINFORCEMENT
Ultimate Moment , Mu = ((qu B)/8(B – C)) 2
By substituting, we get
Mu = ((0.37 x 2200/8) (2200 – 400) 2)
= 47.5(2350) 2= 329.67 KN/m
By using Mu expression we can easily get “Ast”
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d(1-(Ast fy/bd fck))
Substituting the value
329.67 x 106= 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 460 (1-(Ast x 415 / 2200 x 460 x 20)
DESIGN OF FOOTING
By providing 16mm dia Bars.
Area of 1 Bar , A= π/4 x (16) 2 /4 = 201.06 mm^2
Number of Bars = (Ast / Area of Steel) = (2073.13 / 201.06 ) = 10.31 ≈ 11
Approximate value 12 Bars.
So, take 11 No’s of 16mm dia
Actual Ast = 11 ( π/4 x 16^2)/4 = 2211.66mm^2
8. SPACING
= A/Ast x B = 200mm
Take 200mm c/c Distance.
16mm Dia Bars @ 200mm c/c Distance in both X and Y directions.
DESIGN OF FOOTING
DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
DESIGN OF STAIRCASE :
Data :
Dimensions = 3250mm × 1828mm
Floor height = 3000mm
Live load = 4 KN/m (as per IS 456)
Landing width = 1000mm
Rise = 150mm
Thread = 250mm
Design :
1. No of steps = 19
2. Going = 254 × 9 = 2286mm
3. Span = 2286mm + 914mm
= 3200mm
DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
Waist slab thickness
Modification factor = 1.20 for Fe415
d = Span / 20 × 1.20 = 133.33m
≈ 180mm
Depth = d + cover
= 180 + 20 = 200mm
Load calculations
Load of slab / meter of horizontal span
= √R^2 + √ T^2 / T × D . Ꝩc
= √150^2 × 0.2 × 20
= 4.64 KN/m
Load of steps / meter
= 1/T[1/2 × R × T × 1] . Ꝩc
= 1/0.254 [1/2 × 0.15 × 0.254 × 1] × 20
= 1.499 KN/m
Live load = 4KN/m
Total service load = 4.64 + 1.499 + 5 + 0.5 = 11.639 kn/m
DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
Factored Load = 1.5 × 11.639
Wu = 17.4585 KN/m
Factored bending momentWt
Md = Wd . L^2/8 = 17.4585 × 3.2^2/8
= 22.346KN.m
Check For Depth On Waist Slab:
Mu lim = Md
0.138 × fck × b × d^2 = 22.346 × 10^6
2760 x d^2 = 22.346 x 10^6
d = 89.9798mm < 200mm
⸫ Taking d = 180mm and D = 200mm
DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
Main Reinforcement:
Mu = 0.87 x Fy Ast x d(1-(415 Ast/Fck bd))
Ast = 481.97mm^2
Adopt 12mm dia bars
Spacing = Area of one bar/Total area x 1000
π/4 x 12^2
= 481.97 x 1000
= 234mm
Distribution Reinforcement:
Ast req = 0.12% bd.
= (0.12/100) (1000 x 200)
=240mm^2.
Provide 10mm dia bars
Spacing = (Area of one bar/total. area) x 1000
= 327mm.
⸫ Provide 10mm Փ bars @320 mm c/c.
DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
Thank
you