Containerization &
Virtualization
Resource virtualization technologies resource like RAM, CPU, Disk, or
Networking can be ‘virtualized’ and represented as multiple resources
Containerization
[Process isolation]
• Containers are lightweight software packages that contain all the dependencies
required to execute the contained software application. These dependencies
include things like system libraries, external third-party code packages, and other
operating system level applications.
• Containerization offers a range of benefits, including rapid deployment,
portability, and scalability. It allows developers to create predictable
environments that are isolated from other applications, reducing the risk of
system instability or conflicts between applications. It also enables them to
package their software with all of its dependencies, which can then be run on any
system running a container engine, regardless of its specific configuration.
Containerization
[Process isolation]
• Designed to protect each process from other processes on
the operating system. It does so by preventing process A from writing
to process B.
• Need special Hardware to implement Memory Management Unit
(MMU)
• Virtual Address space
• Kernel deals with it.
• For Security
Why Container?
• Virtualize File System.
• Separate Development Environment and Production Environment.
• Security (Memory unsafe)
Containerization Tools
• Docker
• AWS Fargate
• Google Kubernetes Engine
• Amazon ECS
• LXC
• Container Linux by CoreOS
• Microsoft Azure
• Google Cloud Platform
• Portainer
• Apache Mesos
What is Virtualization?
• Virtualization describes a technology in which an application, guest
OS or data storage is abstracted away from the true underlying
hardware or software.
Why Virtualization?
• Virtualization can increase IT agility, flexibility and scalability while
creating significant cost savings. Greater workload mobility, increased
performance and availability of resources, automated operations –
they’re all benefits of virtualization that make IT simpler to manage
and less costly to own and operate.
• Even More Secure
Hypervisor providers
• KVM
• Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization (RHEV)
• Xen / Citrix XenServer
• Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V (or the free Hyper-V Server
2012)
• VMware vSphere / ESXi
Difference B/W
Containerization and Virtualization
Containerization
1. lightweight and fast to deploy
2. Cost Effective
3. Separate Environment
Difference B/W
Containerization and Virtualization
Virtualization:
• 1. Isolation
• 2. Different Operating Systems
• 3. Guest Support
• 4. Deployment
• 5. Persistent Virtual Storage
• 6. Virtual Load Balancing
• 7. Virtualized Networking
Difference B/W
Containerization and Virtualization
• The key differentiator between containers and virtual machines is that virtual
machines virtualize an entire machine down to the hardware layers and
containers only virtualize software layers above the operating system level.
• Virtualization lets you run multiple operating systems on the same physical
server, whereas containerization enables you to deploy multiple applications or
microservices on the same operating system without any hardware abstraction
• Virtual machines require installing an OS to run on host applications, take
Gigabytes of space. containers do not have a guest OS. Instead, they run on the
same host OS.
Difference B/W
Containerization and Virtualization