ADRENAL METABOLISM PITUITARY
GLUCAGON PANCREAS REPRODUCTION
GROWTH PARATHYROID THYMUS
HORMONES PINEAL THYROID
MELC
explain the role of hormones involved in
the female and male reproductive systems
(S10LT-IIIb-34)
describe the parts of the endocrine and
reproductive systems, along with their
functions
ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
consists of
endocrine
glands
FUNCTIONS
ALTERS METABOLIC ACTIVITIES
REGULATES GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT
GUIDES REPRODUCTIVE PROCESSES
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
– secrete their products directly
into the blood stream
e.g. pituitary, pineal, thyroid,
parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas,
ovaries, and testes
HORMONES
-messenger molecules that
are released by the
endocrine glands into the
blood stream
TARGET CELLS
-have receptors that attract
only specific hormones
The Pituitary Gland
-also called hypophysis
-referred to as the master
“endocrine gland”
GROWTH HORMONE (GH)
- the target: all cells of the body
- stimulates the division and
growth of body cells
THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH)
- target organ: thyroid
- stimulates the thyroid gland to
produce thyroid hormone
ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE
(ACTH)
- target cells: cells of the adrenal cortex
- controls the secretion of hormones
produced by the cortical (outer) portion of
the adrenal gland
FOLLICLE-STIMULATING
HORMONE (FSH)
- target organs are the ovaries
and testes (follicles)
ON FEMALES:
- acts on ovaries to promote
the development of the ovarian
follicles
ON MALES:
- promotes sperm production
PROLACTIN
- target organs: ovaries mammary glands
- stimulates milk production in breast
ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE ( ADH)
- target organ: kidneys
ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (ADH)
- stimulates the reabsorption
of water
OXYTOCIN (OT)
-stimulates milk let down
- stimulates the contraction of the
uterus
THYROID
GLAND
-Located just below the larynx
-Made up of 2 lobes, one on
each side of the trachea
THYROXIN
FUNCTION:
- stimulate metabolism,
growth, and development
CALCITONIN
- target organs: bones
- controls storage of calcium in
the bones
PARATHYROID
HORMONE (PTH)
TARGET ORGANS: bones ,
kidneys, digestive tract
- controls the calcium level in
the body
-normalizes bone growth
ADRENAL GLAND
The triangular glands
located on top of each
kidney.
ALDOSTERONE
- target
organs: kidneys
- maintains sodium and phosphate
balance
EPINEPHRINE (ADRENALINE)
prepares the body for action
• controls the heart rate
• breathing in times of emergency
PANCREAS
an elongated organ that is located posterior to
the stomach
has both exocrine and endocrine functions
GLUCAGON
- target organs:
liver and fatty tissues
- raises blood glucose
concentration
INSULIN
- target cells: all cells of the body
- lowers blood glucose concentration
6. THYMUS
GLAND
Located in front of the heart
Releases THYMOSIN that enables the body to produce certain bodies
•The thymus gland, located behind your sternum and between your lungs, is
only active until puberty.
•After puberty, the thymus starts to slowly shrink and become replaced by fat.
7. PINEAL
GLAND
Of the endocrine organs, the function of the pineal gland was the last discovere
Located deep in the center of the brain, the pineal gland was once known as the
“third eye.”
The pineal gland produces melatonin, which helps maintain circadian rhythm
and regulate reproductive hormones.
8.
OVARIES
The ovaries influence female traits
and support reproductive function
They secrete two main hormones
—estrogen and progesterone
9. TESTES
The testes, also known as testicles or male
gonads, lie behind the penis in a pouch of
skin called the scrotum.
They produce androgen and testosterone
Control maturation and male
characteristics