Drawing Standard
Standards are set of rules that govern how technical
drawings are represented.
Drawing standards are used so that drawings convey
the same meaning to everyone who reads them.
Standard Code
Country Code Full name
USA ANSI American National Standard Institute
Japan JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
UK BS British Standard
Australia AS Australian Standard
Germany DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung
ISO International Standards Organization
Drawing Sheet
A4
Trimmed paper of
a size A0 ~ A4.
A3
Standard sheet size
(JIS) A2
A4 210 x 297
A3 297 x 420 A1
A2 420 x 594
A1 594 x 841
A0 841 x 1189
(Dimensions in millimeters) A0
Drawing Scales
Designation of a scale consists of the word “SCALE”
followed by the indication of its ratio, as follow
SCALE 1:1 for full size
SCALE X:1 for enlargement scales
SCALE 1:X for reduction scales
Basic Line Types
Name according
Types of Lines Appearance
to application
Continuous thick line Visible line
Continuous thin line Dimension line
Extension line
Leader line
Dash thick line Hidden line
Chain thin line Center line
NOTE : We will learn other types of line in later chapters.
Meaning of Lines
Visible lines represent features that can be seen in the
current view
Hidden lines represent features that can not be seen in
the current view
Center line represents symmetry, path of motion, centers
of circles, axis of axisymmetrical parts
Dimension and Extension lines indicate the sizes and
location of features on a drawing
Traditional
Drawing Tools
[Link]
DRAWING TOOLS
DRAWING TOOLS
1. T-Square 2. Triangles
DRAWING TOOLS
2H or HB for thick line
4H for thin line
3. Adhesive Tape 4. Pencils
DRAWING TOOLS
5. Sandpaper 6. Compass
DRAWING TOOLS
7. Pencil Eraser 8. Erasing Shield
DRAWING TOOLS
9. Circle Template 10. Tissue paper
DRAWING TOOLS
11. Sharpener 12. Clean paper
Lettering
Text on Drawings
Text on engineering drawing is used :
To communicate nongraphic information.
As a substitute for graphic information, in those instance
where text can communicate the needed information
more clearly and quickly.
Thus, it must be written with
Legibility - shape
- space between letters and words
Uniformity - size
- line thickness
Example Placement of the text on drawing
Dimension &
Notes
Notes Title Block
Lettering Standard
ANSI Standard This course
Use a Gothic text style, Use only a vertical Gothic
either inclined or vertical. text style.
Use all capital letters. Use both capital and
lower-case letters.
Use 3 mm for most Same. For letters in title
text height. block it is recommend to use
5~8 mm text height
Space between lines N/A.
of text is at least 1/3 Follows ANSI rule.
of text height.
Stroke Sequence
I L T F
E H
Stroke Sequence
V X W
Stroke Sequence
N M K Z
Y A 4
Stroke Sequence
O Q C G
Stroke Sequence
D U P B
R J 1 2
Stroke Sequence
5 7
Stroke Sequence
S 0 3 6
8 9
Stroke Sequence
l i
Stroke Sequence
v w x k
z
Stroke Sequence
j y f t
r
Stroke Sequence
c o a b
d p q e
Stroke Sequence
g n m h
u s
Example : Good and Poor Lettering
GOOD
Not uniform in style.
Not uniform in height.
Not uniformly vertical or inclined.
Not uniform in thickness of stroke.
Area between letters not uniform.
Area between words not uniform.
Sentence Composition
Leave the space between words equal to the space
requires for writing a letter “O”.
Example
ALL O DIMENSIONS O ARE OIN
MILLIMETERS O UNLESS
OTHERWISE O SPECIFIED.
♣ How to fold the A2 size drawing sheets for assignment work?
♥ Mark 190 mm from the right edge of the drawing sheet. Mark 186 mm from the previous mark. Mark 20
mm from the left edge of the drawing sheet.
♥ Mark 297 mm from the bottom edge of the drawing sheet on the reverse side.
♥ Coincide the first fold with third fold to get second fold. Coincide the third fold with the border line which
is 20 mm to the right of left edge of drawing sheet to get fourth fold. Fifth and sixth folds are back folds.
♥ All larger size drawing sheets i.e. A0, A1, A2 and A3 are folded to A4 size sheet.
Thank You