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Zoonoses and Workplace Safety Guide

The document discusses zoonotic diseases, which are diseases transmitted between animals and humans, highlighting various pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. It emphasizes the importance of safety regulations and protective measures in preventing disease transmission during animal handling. Additionally, it provides a summary of specific zoonotic diseases associated with different animal types, including their pathogens and routes of transmission.

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charmerm7
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9 views41 pages

Zoonoses and Workplace Safety Guide

The document discusses zoonotic diseases, which are diseases transmitted between animals and humans, highlighting various pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. It emphasizes the importance of safety regulations and protective measures in preventing disease transmission during animal handling. Additionally, it provides a summary of specific zoonotic diseases associated with different animal types, including their pathogens and routes of transmission.

Uploaded by

charmerm7
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PATHOLOGY

INSTRUCTOR: LIZ FRISBEE, LVT

CHAPTER 10
ZOONOSES & SAFETY ON THE
JOB
PG.110
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
 Diseases transmitted from animals to
humans, or from humans to animals
ZOONOTIC DISEASE PATHOGENS
Pathogen = a living, disease-causing
organism
 Bacteria  Parasites

 Viruses  Fungi

Schneider, 2006
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
 PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN
 Health threat to the public
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
 Transmission of diseases commonly
occur when:

 Capturing
 Restraining
 Treating
 Feeding
 Exercising
 Moving animals
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
 BE SAFE!
 Equipment

 Gloves

 Masks
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
SAFETY REGULATIONS
 ORGANIZATIONS REGULATING SAFETY:
 U.S. Department of Labor
 Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA)

 U.S. Department of Agriculture


 Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)

 National Institutes of Health (NIH)

 Centers for Disease Control (CDC)


 National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic
Infectious Diseases (NCEZID)
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
SAFETY REGULATIONS
Hospitals/Clinics should have the following
procedures in place to prevent occupational
hazards and other injuries:
 Written safety plans  Written pregnancy policy
 Training or training
materials  Exposure to chemicals,
 Safety inspections hormones, radiation,
 Personal protective pathogenic substances and
equipment (PPE) microbes
 Material Safety Data
Sheets (MSDS)  Explained movements or
postures resulting in
physical/mental fatigue
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
PUBLIC HEALTH
 Transmission of diseases commonly
occur through:

 Bites and scratches


 Inhalation
 Direct contact (including fomites)
 Ingestion
 Vectors (arthropods)
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
DAIRY AND BEEF CATTLE
DISEASE SUMMARY
 [Link]  Giardiasis

 Salmonellosis  Leptospirosis

 Campylobacterios  Ringworm
is
 Brucellosis
 Listeriosis
 Q Fever
 Cryptosporidiosis
E. COLI INFECTION (R,C)
 Pathogen: Escherichia coli
(STEC)
 Bacteria

 Route: Ingestion of feces


 Raw milk and juices
 Water
 Food

 Contact with cattle

CDC, 2012
SALMONELLOSIS (R,C)
 Pathogen: Salmonella
 Bacteria

 Route: Ingestion of
feces
 Contact with calves
 Raw milk and juices
 Fomites

CDC, 2012
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS (C)
 Pathogen:
Campylobacter
 Bacteria

 Route: Ingestion
 Raw milk
 Feces
 Food and water
 Contact with cattle

CDC, 2012
LEPTOSPIROSIS (C)
 Pathogen: Leptospira
 Bacteria

 Route: Absorbs thru


eyes, nose, mouth and
wounds
 *Urine
 Other body fluids
 Water
 Soil
CDC, 2012
CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS (C,R)
 Pathogen:
Cryptosporidium
 Parasite

 Route: Ingestion of
feces
 Food
 Water
 Soil
 Sputum
CDC, 2012
Fomites
Bowman, 2009
GIARDIASIS (C,R)
 Pathogen: Giardia
 Parasite

 Route: Ingestion of
feces
 Water
 Food
 Soil
 Fomites
CDC, 2012
Bowman, 2009
BRUCELLOSIS (R)
 Pathogen: Brucella
 Bacteria

 Route: Ingestion; skin


wounds
 Raw milk products
 Raw meat

 Site:
 Not specific
CDC, 2012
RINGWORM (C)
 Pathogen:
Dermatophyte
 Fungus

 Route: Direct contact


 Skin
 Fomites

 Site:
CDC, 2012
Q FEVER (R)
 Pathogen: Coxiella
burnettii
 Bacteria

 Route: Multiple
 Raw milk products
 Barnyard dust
 Tick bites

 Site:
 CDC, 2012
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
SHEEP & GOATS
SHEEP & GOAT DISEASE
SUMMARY
 [Link]  Q Fever

 Salmonellosis  Lyme disease

 Cryptosporidiosis  Echinococcosis

 Listeriosis  Orf virus

 Leptosporosis
LYME DISEASE (R,C,E)
 Pathogen: Borrelia
burgdorferi
 Bacteria

 Route: Bites
 Tick

CDC, 2012
Bowman, 2009
ECHINOCOCCOSIS (C)
 Pathogen: Echinococcus
granulosus
 Parasite

 Route: Ingesting canine


feces
 Soil
 Water
 Food
CDC, 2012
Bowman, 2009
ECHINOCOCCOSIS (C)
ORF (C)
 Pathogen: Orf poxvirus
 Virus

 Route: Direct contact


 Contaminated soil
 Equipment
 Fur/Wool
 Bite

CDC, 2012
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
SWINE
SWINE DISEASE SUMMARY
 [Link]  Yersiniosis

 Salmonellosis  Cysticercosis

 Cryptosporidiosis  Sarcoptic mange

 Influenza  Leptospirosis
INFLUENZA (R)
 Pathogen: Influenza
 Virus- A or B

 Route: Water droplets


inhaled, absorbed
through nose and mouth
 Cough or sneeze
 Touching objects

CDC, 2012
YERSINIOSIS
 Pathogen: Yersinia
enterocolitica
 Bacteria

 Route: Contact with tonsils


or raw meat

 Slaughtering
 Unwashed hands

CDC, 2012
CYSTICERCOSIS (C,E)
 Pathogen: Taenia solium
 Parasite

 Route: Ingestion of human


feces
 Contaminated food and
water
 Hand to mouth
CDC, 2012
Bowman, 2009
SARCOPTIC MANGE (C)
 Pathogen: Sarcoptes
scabiei
 Parasite

 Route: Direct contact


 Skin
 Fabric

CDC, 2012
Bowman, 2009
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
POULTRY
POULTRY DISEASE SUMMARY
 [Link]  Psittacosis

 Salmonellosis  Histoplasmosis

 Influenza
PSITTACOSIS (R)
 Pathogen: Chlamydia
psittaci
 Bacteria

 Route: Inhalation of dust


or secretions from
poultry
 Cough/sneeze
 Feces/urine
 Runny eyes
CDC, 2012
HISTOPLASMOSIS (C,R)
 Pathogen: Histoplasma
capsulatum
 Fungus

 Route: Inhalation of fungal


spores
 Bird droppings in dust/soil

CDC, 2012
ZOONOTIC DISEASES
FROM
OTHER ANIMALS
PARASITIC WORMS (C)

 TAPEWORMS

 ROUNDWORMS

 HOOKWORMS

CDC, 2012
Bowman, 2009
TOXOPLASMOSIS (C)
 Pathogen: Toxoplasma
 Parasite

 Route: Ingestion cat feces


 Litter box
 Soil
 Garden

 Site:
 Muscles, eye, nervous
CDC, 2012
system
Bowman, 2009
HANTAVIRUS (E,R)
 Pathogen: Bunyaviridae
 Virus

 Vector: Common deer mouse

 Route: Inhalation of dust


 Rodent droppings and urine

 Site:
 Lungs
CDC, 2012
RABIES (R)
 Pathogen:
Rabies
 Virus

 Route: Bite
 Infected saliva

 Site:
 Nervous system
CDC, 2012

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