SESMIC ANALYSIS AND
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF MULTI
STORIED RCC FRAMED PUBLIC
BUILDING
PRESTENTED BY :
JENISH BADYA SHRESTHA (074/BCE/030)
JITU MAHARJAN (074/BCE/031)
SIJAN MAHARJAN (074/BCE/081)
SUJAN MAHARJAN (074/BCE/087)
PROJECT SUPERVISOR:
[Link] SHARMA
INTRODUCTION
RCC Frame structure: RCC framed structure consists of series of frames which are
formed by interconnecting columns and beams at floor and roof levels, so as to form a
grid of the beams and girders
Structural Members:
1. Slab
2. Column
3. Beam
4. Staircase
5. Foundation
Subjected to various loads: static load
Member subjected to internal forces
Structural design: the process to find out the safe, durable and economical
specifications of the structure including materials, technology, geometry, the size of
structural members sufficient to carry loads of structure during the life period of the
structure is known as structural design.
Structural analysis: It is a method or tool by which we find out how a structure or a
member of a structure behaves when subjected to certain excitation.
In other words finding out internal forces (axial force, shear force, moment), stress, strain,
deflection etc in a structure under applied load conditions.
A Standard code of practice: Indian Standard(IS) codes of practices for proper analysis,
design and detailing.
Purpose of Design: safe, economic, stable, durable and strong
EARTHQUAKE IN NEPAL
Before deep-diving into the History of Earthquake in Nepal, let us know something
about Earthquake. Earthquake is an instance of shaking of the earth's surface. The
shaking is caused by movements in Earth’s outermost layer(lithosphere). There are
four different types of earthquakes:
[Link] [Link] [Link] [Link]
But most naturally occurring earthquakes are related to the tectonic nature of the
Earth. Such earthquakes are called tectonic earthquakes.
Actually, what happens is two nearest tectonic plates (like Eurasia and Indian plate in
context of Nepal) slides, bumps or hit every time which raises friction and most of the
times this friction will be small and we do not feel an earthquake, but sometimes this
friction will be greater than critical value and due to that friction, energy gets released
and this energy creates seismic waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause
the shaking and we feel it which is an earthquake.
Only earthquakes of magnitude 6.5 or above are known to cause damage in Nepal
Nepal :Seismic zone II (As per IS)
History of Earthquake in Nepal
1255 AD (1310 BS) Earthquake
1260 AD
1408 AD August
1505 AD
1681AD January
1767 AD
1833, 26 August
1869 AD, 7 July
1916 AD, 28 August Magnitude:7.8 in Richter scale
1934 AD Magnitude:8.0 in Richter scale
1980, 29 July Magnitude:6.5 in Richter scale
2015, 25 April Magnitude:7.8 in Richter scale
2015, 12 May Magnitude:7.3 in Richter scale
OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT
To acquire knowledge skill with emphasis on practical application
To utilize analytical method and design approaches and application of
various codes of practices
To design earthquake resistant public building
CODES OF PRACTICE
1. IS 456:2000 (Code of practice for plain and reinforcement concrete)
2. IS 1893(part I):2016 (Criteria for earthquake resistance design of
structure)
3. IS 1392:1993 (code of practice for ductile detailing of RC structure
subjected to semis force)
4. IS 875(part I):1987 (to access dead load )
IS 875(part II):1987 (to access live load)
5. SP 16:1980 (Design aids for reinforced concrete to IS 456)
6. SP 34:1987 (Handbook on concrete reinforcement and detailing)
METHOD OF DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
Limit State of method for design
Building: Modeled as space frame
ETABS: basic tool for execution of analysis based on finite element
method
Stress and Displacement :obtained using ETABS
Seismic analysis: static
Natural time period is taken from user defined
Based on height of building
Time period(Ta)=0.75*H^(3/4)
SOFTWARE AND APLLICTAION
TOOLS
ETABS : Analysis
AutoCAD : Design
MS-Excel : Calculation and Design
BUILDING SPECIFICATION
Building type: Public Building (Hospital)
Structure system: RCC Frame
Type of slab: Two-way adjacent edge discontinuous slab
Type of beam: Rectangular (230mm*400mm)
Type of column: square(400mm*400mm)
Plinth area covered: 467.8522 m2
Number of storey: 7
Floor height: 3.3m
Concrete:M25
Rebar:Fe415
Type of staircase: dog-legged staircase
Type of Footing: Raft footing
Sesmic zone:II
Soil type:Medium (Type II; SBC=125kN/m^2)
Number of beam:
Number of Column: 40 each floor except roof
Depth of footing:
Outerwall thickness: 230mm
Innerwall thickness:230mm and 115mm
METHOLOGY
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF SLAB
Effective span: Lx and Ly (cl 22.2 IS 456)
Lx/Ly<2 two way slab
Else One way slab
Effective span effective depth ratio (cl 24.1 IS 456)
Provide clear cover (Table 16 IS 456)
Overall depth =130mm
Adopted depth=130mm
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF BEAM
Longest effective span
Effective depth =(1/12 to 1/15) of longest effective span
Overall depth =effective depth + bar diameter/2 +clear cover
(table 16 IS 456:2000)
Width of beam = (1/3 to 1/2) of overall depth
Adopt size of beam =230mm*400mm
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF COLUMN
Find critical column according to tributary area
Dead load of beam
Dead load of slab
Live load , Floor Finish ,Light partition wall (IS-875-1987 part1)
Total live load & total floor finish on tributary area, wall load
Total Dead load
Total load=TI+TD
Service load=1.25*TL
Ultimate load(Pu)=1.5*service load
Assume short column
For axially loaded short column (From Code IS456:2000 Cl 39.3)
P u = 0.4fck *A c + 0.67*f y *A s
Take M25 grade concrete, and Fe415
Let As=2% of Ag= 0.02Ag, then Ac=98% of Ag= 0.98Ag
Calculate Ag
Assuming square column
Calculated Column Size= 387.36mm
Adopt (400mmX400mm)
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
Structural analysis is done by ETABS software using finite element
method
DEFINING
Material properties (concrete and rebar)
Section properties (Frame, Beam and column)
Slab/shell section properties
Diaphragms (D1,D2,D3,D4,D5,D6 and D7)
Load pattern
Load cases
Mass source (MS- for seismic weight calculation)
ASSIGNING
Frame: beam and column
Slab/shell
Support (column base is fixed)
Frame loads (wall load, stair load)
Shell load (FF load, Live load)
Shell Diaphragms
ANALYSIS
Check model
Run analysis
Deformed shape of building due to various load cases and combination
Support/joint reaction
AFD, SFD, BMD, and TMD for every load case and combination
Slab stress
LOAD COMNINATIONS
1. COMB2 =1.5*(DL + LL)
2. COMB3 =1.2*(DL + LL+ EQx)
3. COMB4 =1.2*(DL + LL- EQx)
4. COMB5
5. COMB6
6. COMB7
7. COMB8
8. COMB9
Envelope =combination of all
LATERAL LOAD
Seismic weight is the total DL+LL
Seismic weight of whole building is sum of seismic weight of all floor
It is calculated according to IS 1893 (partI)
BASE SHEAR
It is the estimation of maximum expected lateral force which will occur at the base of a
structure due ground motion during the earthquake.
Time period(Ta)=0.09h/
Tax=0.412 sec and Tay=0.314 sec
For medium soil type:Sa/g =2.5 and An=0.131VB
VB=An*W (Manually)
VB = (from ETABS)
Difference=
DESIGN AND DETAILING
1. COLUMN
Design column :At D5, storey 1 as per ETABS
Length of column= 2.9 m
Size of column=400mm*400mm with 40 mm clear cover
IS 456,SP 16 and IS 13920 are adopted
Design axial load and bi axial bending moment from ETABS
design axial load =
design bi axial bending moment =
Manually calculated
Pu=
Mux=
Muy=
Determination of Ast :
Provide longitudinal Bar : 8-28mm diameter
and lateral ties :8mm dia with 300mm c/c spacing
[Link]
Length of beam =
Size of beam =230mm*400mm with 25mm clear cover
IS 456 and IS 3920 are adopted
Design for load combination : Envelope combo
Design at 3 section at beam: left right middle
BM, SF and TF are extracted from ETABS analysis:
Design SF (Vu) =
Design TF (Tu)=
Ast calculation for stirrups
Vertical stirrups are adopted as shear R/F
2-legged 10mm dia stirrup @100mm c/c at near support and 200mm c/c at mid span
[Link]
Two way adjacent edge discontinuous is design
IS456, Table 26 is adopted for design
Self weight as DL, LL and FF are considered
Torsion R/F is required at discontinuous edge
Reinforcement adopted
Bottom bar
10mm dia bar @250mm c/c both way
Top bar
8mm dia bar @280mm c/c on both way
Slab reinforcement
Clear cover =
Diameter of main bar =
Area of main bar =
Diameter of disitribution bar =
Area of disitribution bar =
4. STAIRCASE
Dog legged staircase adopted
Depth of waist slab =
Effective projected span of staircase=
Width of support for front landing=
Width of support for end landing=
Riser =150mm
Tread =250mm
No. of riser =11 per flight
No. of tread =10 per flight
Clear cover =20mm
Area of main bar=
Area of distribution bar=
5. Footing
Mat footing
LIMITATION
Design and layout of the building services like water supply pipeline,
electricity appliances, sanitary and sewage are not covered
Soil survey, environmental, socio economic conditions of that locality
is not taken into consideration
Cost estimate of the project is not included in this report
Design of shear wall is not included
Dynamic analysis is not performed dur to time constraints
CONCLUSION