MANAGEMENT:AN OVERVIEW
Learning Objectives
At the end of the session, participants will
be able to:
Enumerate and discuss the
components of management function.
Discuss the various management skills.
List management roles in an
Organization.
Distinguish b/w Management &
Administration
Introduction
‘The function which distinguishes the
manager above all others is his
educational one. The one contribution he
is uniquely expected to make is to give
others vision and ability to perform. It is
vision and moral responsibility that in
the last analysis, define the manager’.
Peter Drucker.
Management Defined
‘Is to forecast, plan, organize, command,
coordinate and control’.
( Henri Fayol 1916)
‘The art of getting things done through
people’
( Mary Follett 1941)
Management Is……….
Deciding what to do
&
Getting people to do it.
Management Defined (contd..)
‘The process of designing and maintaining
an environment in which individuals,
working together in groups, efficiently
accomplish selected aims’
(Weihrich &Koohtz 1994)
Management Defined (Contd..)
‘Achieving results through other people,
with the appropriate blend of the
functions of planning, organizing,
leading, motivation, recruitment and
selection, training and development, as
well as controlling so as to meet
specific, tangible and financial
objectives’.
( Singhry H,B 2008)
Implication…………..
Management requires a new kind
of person:
-Skilled communicator.
-Team player.
-Guide
-Coach.
Group Activity-1
Management and Leadership any
difference?.
Functions of Management Versus
Leadership 1/2
Management Leadership
Produces Order and Produces Change and
Consistency Movement
Planning / Budgeting Establishing Direction
Establish agendas Create a vision
Set time tables Clarify big picture
Allocate resources Set strategies
Organizing / Staffing Aligning People
Provide structure Communicate goals
Make job placements Seek commitment
Establish rules and Build teams and
procedures coalitions
Functions of Management Versus
Leadership 2/2 Cont…
Management Leadership
Controlling / Motivating and
Problem Solving Inspiring
Develop Inspire and
incentives energize
Generate creative Empower
solutions subordinates
Take corrective Satisfy unmet
action needs
John P. Kotter 1990
Elements of Management/
Management Functions
Planning.
Organizing.
Coordinating.
Controlling.
Decision Making.
Leadership.
Management Functions
Planning Deciding what objective to pursue
and what to do to achieve them.
Organizing Grouping and assigning activities
and providing authority.
Staffing Determining labour needs,recruiting,
selecting & training.
Leading Directing and channeling human
behaviour towards accomplishment
of objectives.
Controlling Measuring performance against
objectives and determining the
cause of deviation and making
corrections.
Relative Amount of Emphasis on Each
Function of Management
Functions
Management
PlanningOrganizingStaffing Leading Controllin
level
g
Top
Management
Middle
Managemen
t
Supervisory
Magt.
Management Process
Determining the priorities of Organization and
departmental aims and goals.
Looking ahead to predict likely conditions
which will affect the determination of
objectives.
Allocating resources so that everyone knows
their tasks and activities.
Ensuring that employees do the work fixed to
them, making decisions, solving problems
and training staff.
Management Process
To see that all groups and persons work
efficiently, in unity of efforts and harmony
towards the common objective.
Measuring current performance against the
established standards and taking corrective
actions.
Group Activity 2
Management and Administration
any difference?.
Administration ……………
Ability to coordinate conflicting socio-
political-economic energies in an
organization to meet corporate goals.
Ensures the establishment of institutional
processes and machineries and their
effective functioning.
Process of developing and maintaining
procedures.
Administration ……………
‘That part of management process
concerned with the institution and
carrying out of procedures by which
the programme is laid down and
communicated, and the progress of
activities is regulated and checked
against targets and plans’
Breech
Management Skills
Management process categorizes
the skills required to perform the
work into three basic skills :-
1. Conceptual skills.
2. Human relation skills.
3. Technical skills.
Management Skills
Conceptual Planning, decision
Skills making,organizing
require conceptual
skills.
Human Relation Understanding people
Skills and being able to work
with them.
Technical Skills Ability to perform the
mechanics of a
particular job.
Mix of skills used at different
levels of Management
Skills
Management Human
Conceptual Technical
Level relations
Top
Management
Middle
Management
Supervisory
Management
Roles of a Manager
1. Interpersonal roles.
2. Informational roles.
3. Decisional roles.
Definition of Managerial
Roles
Interpersona -Represents
l roles. unit/dept./org.
-Manage,interact and
gain information.
-Guide and motivate
work group.
Informationa -A receiver of
l. information.
-Transmit information.
-Manage information.
Decisional. -Initiate change.
-Manage crises.
Discussion
What are the problems
Management encounter in
Organizations?.
Management Excellence
Efficiency Versus Effectiveness
Do things Do right things.
right. Develop.
Solve Alternatives.
problems. Optimise
Safeguard resource
resources. utilization.
Follow duties. Obtain results.
Lower cost. Increase profit.
Remember………..
Management is the skill of obtaining
predetermined objectives through and with
the co-operation of others;
A manager’s job is to create the
environment for people to work and behave
properly;
The purpose of management is to provide
for the continuation of the business, even in
our absence;
In order to influence behaviour, we must
deal with people’s thinking;
Management is a THINKING job.