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Endoplasmic Reticulum Overview and Diagram

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a vital organelle in eukaryotic cells, involved in calcium storage, protein synthesis, and lipid metabolism. It consists of rough ER, which synthesizes proteins, and smooth ER, which produces lipids and hormones. The ER also plays a key role in transporting materials within the cell and ensuring proper protein folding and sorting.

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6 views7 pages

Endoplasmic Reticulum Overview and Diagram

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a vital organelle in eukaryotic cells, involved in calcium storage, protein synthesis, and lipid metabolism. It consists of rough ER, which synthesizes proteins, and smooth ER, which produces lipids and hormones. The ER also plays a key role in transporting materials within the cell and ensuring proper protein folding and sorting.

Uploaded by

hema
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

The endoplasmic reticulum


(ER) is a large, dynamic
structure that serves many
roles in the cell including
calcium storage, protein
synthesis and lipid
metabolism.
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM DIAGRAM
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is the tubular
membrane present inside the cytoplasm of the
cell. Also, ribosomes cover their surface.

Besides, the ER has both smooth and rough


surface. In addition, they help in the
transportation process. Transportation of food
material, water and minerals in the body of a
living organism.

Furthermore, the ER is an organelle that is


present in the eukaryotic cell. Also, it is a very
important site for making lipids and other
proteins. Also, 50% of the total animal cell
membrane consists of the ER.
STRUCTURE OF ROUGH
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
• The rough endoplasmic reticulum is named
so because of its appearance.
• It is a series of connected flattened sacs
having several ribosomes on its outer
surface.
• It synthesizes and secretes proteins in the
liver, hormones and other substances in the
glands.
• Rough ER is prominent in cells where protein
synthesis happen.
STRUCTURE OF SMOOTH
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
• The smooth endoplasmic reticulum, on the
other hand, does not have ribosomes.
• The smooth endoplasmic reticulum has a
tubular form.
• It participates in the production of
phospholipids, the chief lipids in cell
membranes and are essential in the process
of metabolism.
• Smooth ER transports the products of the
rough ER to other cellular organelles,
especially the Golgi apparatus.
FUNCTIONS OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Function:
• The majority of the functions of rough ER is associated
with protein synthesis.
• The rough endoplasmic reticulum also plays a vital role
in protein folding.
• Also ensures quality control (regarding correct protein
folding).
• The second most important function after protein
synthesis and protein folding is protein sorting.
FUNCTIONS OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Function:
• Smooth ER is responsible for the synthesis of essential
lipids such as phospholipids and cholesterol.
• Smooth ER is also responsible for the production and
secretion of steroid hormones.
• It is also responsible for the metabolism of
carbohydrates.
• The smooth ER store and releases calcium ions. These
are quite important for the nervous system and muscular
systems.
THANKYOU

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