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Class 10 Light Reflection & Refraction Notes

The document discusses the properties of light, including its reflection and refraction. It details the laws governing these phenomena, the types of mirrors and lenses, and the associated formulas for image formation. Additionally, it highlights practical applications of mirrors and lenses in everyday life.

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pawarharshit13
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12 views15 pages

Class 10 Light Reflection & Refraction Notes

The document discusses the properties of light, including its reflection and refraction. It details the laws governing these phenomena, the types of mirrors and lenses, and the associated formulas for image formation. Additionally, it highlights practical applications of mirrors and lenses in everyday life.

Uploaded by

pawarharshit13
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Light – Reflection and Refraction

Class 10 | Science | Chapter Notes


Introduction to Light
• • Light is a form of energy that enables us to
see objects.
• • Travels in a straight line (rectilinear
propagation).
• • Exhibits reflection and refraction.
Reflection of Light
• • Reflection: Bouncing back of light from a
surface.
• • Types:
• - Regular (smooth surface)
• - Irregular (rough surface)
Laws of Reflection
• 1. Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal lie on
the same plane.
• 2. Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection (i =
r)
Spherical Mirrors
• • Concave Mirror (converging)
• • Convex Mirror (diverging)
Important Terms
• • Pole (P)
• • Centre of Curvature (C)
• • Focus (F)
• • Radius of Curvature (R)
• • Principal Axis
Mirror Formula
• • Mirror Formula: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
• • f = focal length
• • u = object distance
• • v = image distance
• • Sign Convention: Left is negative, right is
positive.
Refraction of Light
• • Refraction: Bending of light when it passes
from one medium to another.
• • Occurs due to change in speed of light in
different media.
Laws of Refraction
• 1. Incident ray, refracted ray, and normal lie on
the same plane.
• 2. Snell’s Law: sin i / sin r = constant = μ
Refractive Index
• μ = Speed of light in vacuum / Speed of light in
medium
• • Higher the refractive index, denser the
medium.
Refraction by Spherical Lenses
• • Convex Lens (converging)
• • Concave Lens (diverging)
Lens Formula
• • Lens Formula: 1/f = 1/v - 1/u
• • Sign conventions similar to mirrors.
• • Power of lens: P = 100 / f(cm)
Image Formation – Mirror & Lens
• • Ray diagrams for different object positions.
• • Characteristics: Real/Virtual, Erect/Inverted,
Magnified/Diminished
Uses of Mirrors and Lenses
• • Concave mirrors: Torch, shaving mirror,
headlight
• • Convex mirrors: Rear-view mirrors
• • Convex lenses: Magnifying glass, spectacles
• • Concave lenses: Used in correcting myopia
Summary
• • Light follows laws of reflection and
refraction.
• • Mirrors and lenses form images using these
principles.
• • Sign conventions and formulas are key for
numerical problems.

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