INJECTION TECHNIQUE
Fundamental Practice
Pary Assad
Shkar Hussein
INJECTION
• An injection is a way of administering a
sterile liquid form of medication into
tissues of the body beneath the skin,
usually using a sharp, hollow needle or
tube.
• Most people with access to healthcare
services experience injections at some
point in their lives, such as childhood
immunizations or medical treatment
Routes of Drug Administration
Drug Administration
Oral route.
Injection routes. Through the Skin. Sometimes a drug is given through the skin—by
needle (subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous route), by patch
(transdermal route), or by implantation. ...
Sublingual and buccal routes.
Rectal route.
Vaginal route.
Ocular route.
Optic route.
Nasal route.
The 7 Rights of Drug Administration
Right client
Right medication
Right dose
Right route
Right time
Right reason
Right documentation
Types of injections
Intradermal (ID) injection
Subcutaneous (SC) injection
Intramuscular(IM) injection.
Intravenous (IV) injection
Subcutaneous Injection (SC)
• this type of injection, a short needle
is used to inject a drug into the
tissue layer between the skin and
the muscle.
• No Aspiration and No massage for
subcutaneous injections
• Pinch up the skin and inject at a 45
degree angle
• Medication given this way is
usually absorbed more slowly than
if injected into a vein, sometimes
over a period of 24 hour,
medication such as insulin.
Common sites used for SQ route:
Outer aspect of the upper
arm
Abdomen(from below the
costal margin to the iliac
crests)
Anterior aspects of the thigh
Upper back
Upper ventral or dorsogluteal
area
Intramuscular Injection (‘IM’)
• An intramuscular injection is a technique used to deliver a medication
deep into the muscles. This allows the bloodstream to absorb the
medication quickly.
• Slowly aspirate for blood and gently depress the plunger to release
the medication into the muscle.
• When IM injections are given, a Z-track technique is often used. This
technique ensures that the injected medication does not escape the
muscle.
• Insert the needle into the injection site at a 90-degree angle to the
skin.
Intravenous Injection (IV)
• Intravenous injections deliver
medication directly into a vein.
Medications given via IV injections are
usually done through a cannula to
ensure that medication is administered
into a patent vein and to avoid any
leakage of medication into other
tissues.
• giving a single dose of medication,
• Cannulation for an IV infusion of blood,
medication, or a fluid solution, such as
saline or dextrose in water.
Intradermal injection
• Intra dermal injection is administered into dermis just below the epidermis
• It is not necessary to aspirate because the dermis is relatively without large vessels.
• Recognize the specific drug action and expected response of the drug.
• The amount injected ranges from 0.01 to 0.1ml
• Do not massage. Gently pat with sterile gauze if blood is present.
• Draw a circle with a marker around the injection site
• This route is usually used when a localized reaction is required, for example with
some vaccinations, allergy testing, or tests to determine previous exposure to some
infections.
Site of ID injection
The inner surface of the
forearm
The upper back
Under the scapula