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Hypotheses on Universe's Origin

The document discusses various hypotheses regarding the origin of the universe and the solar system, including Creationism, the Big Bang Theory, Steady-State Theory, Eternal Inflation, and the Nebular Hypothesis. It highlights the unique characteristics of Earth that allow life to exist, such as its atmosphere, water, location in the solar system, magnetism, and diverse life forms. The document also includes activities for further exploration of these concepts.

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24 views42 pages

Hypotheses on Universe's Origin

The document discusses various hypotheses regarding the origin of the universe and the solar system, including Creationism, the Big Bang Theory, Steady-State Theory, Eternal Inflation, and the Nebular Hypothesis. It highlights the unique characteristics of Earth that allow life to exist, such as its atmosphere, water, location in the solar system, magnetism, and diverse life forms. The document also includes activities for further exploration of these concepts.

Uploaded by

ynamei26lll
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DIFFERENT HYPOTHESES ON

THE ORIGIN OF THE


UNIVERSE
Lesson 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

 Describe the universe before the


hypotheses about its origin emerged.
 Enumerate the different hypotheses
on the origin of the universe.

 Describe each hypothesis on the


origin of the universe.
ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE

 Approximately 14 billion
years ago, nothing
existed.
 Black void of space
DIFFERENT THEORIES

 Creationism  Eternal
Inflation
 Big Bang
Theory

 Steady
State
Universe
CREATIONISM

 Biblical Theory

 The universe was created by a “Supreme Being”

 Genesis 1:1 “In the beginning, God created the


heavens and the Earth.
BIG BANG
THEORY
 George Lemaitre,
1920s

 Astronomers based
their findings on the
beginnings of the
universe through
Cosmic Microwave
Background
(CMB)
BIG BANG
THEORY
 CMB
 Is a thermal
radiation used
in the
observational
cosmology.
BIG BANG
THEORY
 Universe also contained
basic particles of
neutrons, electrons and
protons.
 CMB was believed to have
been released 380,000
years after the big bang.
 The clumping of particles
formed the stars and the
galaxies.
STEADY-STATE THEORY
 Fred Hoyle, 1940s

 States that the universe is


always expanding.

 Density of matter is
constant over time; matter
continuously and
spontaneously created.
ETERNAL INFLATION
 Happened after Big Bang

 Rapid expansion of the


universe called inflation.

 Has been going on and


never stopped expanding.
SUMMARY
ACTIVITY

1. How will the continuous expansion of the universe


affect Earth? If you were an astrophysicist, what else
can you investigate about the universe?

2. What evidence would be the basis for the accelerating


expansion of the universe according to the steady
state theory?
DIFFERENT HYPOTHESES ON
THE ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR
SYSTEM
LESSON 2
OBJECTIVES:
 Describe the solar system before the
hypotheses of its origin emerged.
 Describe the two types of hypotheses about
the origin of the solar system.
 Enumerate and describe the specific
hypotheses under general type of
 hypothesis.
Illustrate the specific hypotheses under
general type of hypothesis.
Nebular Hypothesis

 Developed by Immanuel
Kant and Pierre-Simon
Laplace in the 18th
century.
 Presupposes that around
4.5 Billion Years ago, a
star system was formed
from rotating cloud of
gas or nebula-or
existing hot gas.
Planetisimal Theory  Describes the
formation of the
planets.
 Proposed by Viktor S.
Safronov in 1941 and
developed by T.C
Chamberlin and F.R
Moulton,
 Theory states that in
the early period of the
solar system, planets
were formed from the
accretion of small
space bodies.
Tidal Theory  Developed by James
Jeans and Sir Harold
Jeffreys in 1917.
 According to the
theory, a star passed
close to the sun where
the tidal force or the
secondary effect of
gravitational pull
between the passing
star and the sun drew
large amounts of
matter out of the sun
and the passing star.
 Planetisimals
OUTER PLANETS/Gas
INNER PLANETS Planets
• Mercury • Jupiter
• Venus • Saturn
• Earth • Uranus
• Mars • Neptune
INNER OUTER PLANETS/Gas
PLANETS/Terrestrial Planets
• Mercury • Jupiter
• Venus • Saturn
• Earth • Uranus
• Mars • Neptune
ACTIVITY!

If you were an astronaut and there is already advanced


technology to travel to differentiate planets, which planet
would you first visit? What planet is the most interesting
to you?
ACTIVITY
4 PICS 1 WORD
_ _M_ _R_ _ _R_
TEMPERATURE
_ A_E R
WATER
A_M_ _P_ E_ _
ATMOSPHE
RE
_ N_R_Y
ENERGY
N_T_ _E_ _ S
NUTRIENT
S
RECOGNIZING THE UNIQUE
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
EARTH
OBJECTIVES

Describe why the Earth is


unique

Enumerate and describe the


unique characteristics of the
Earth
SOLAR SYSTEM
Composed of several
planets, asteroids,
comets, satellites and
the sun

EARTH: the only planet


where life exists.
ATMOSPHERE

Unique in composition
and structure

Conducive for life


existence

With oxygen and carbon


ATMOSPHERE

Ozone layer
-protects the Earth
from the UV radiation
from the sun.

Protects the Earth from


meteoroids and
asteroids.
WATER

Allows life to exist

Water is renewable and


it flows in a natural
cycle.
LOCATION IN THE SOLAR
SYSTEM
Located in the
habitable zone

The distance of the


planet from the sun
can define its physical
characteristics
LOCATION IN THE SOLAR
SYSTEM
Earth is not too close
to the sun.

Earth is not too far


from the sun.
MAGNETISM

Magnetic field provides


protection against solar
winds/

Solar winds can break


the ozone layer
LIFE FORMS
Earth is the only place
where life forms exist

Six different types:


bacteria, archaea, fungi,
protists, plants and
animals.

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