Error Analysis in LSRW
Mr. Visanth V S
Asso. Professor
College of Nursing
MVASMC, Basti
What is an error?
An error is a systematic deviation from the
rules of the target language .
“An error is the result of an incorrect rule of
learning; the language has been stored in the
brain incorrectly” - Harmer (1998)
Error Analysis
Is a branch of applied linguistic developed by Pit Corder in
1960s.
Error analysis is considered as one of the best ways that
describes and explains errors made by the learners who
study English language as a second or foreign language.
Error analysis is “a systematic description and explanation
of errors made by learners or users in their oral or written
production of the target language”- Ubol(1988)
Need for error analysis
To find out the level of language proficiency
the learner has reached.
To obtain information about common
difficulties in language learning.
To find out how people learn a language.
Error & Mistakes
Error: a noticeable deviation
from the adult grammar of a
native speaker, reflects the Mistake: refers to a performance
competence of the learner. error that is either a random guess
Error may results from or a “slip”, in that is a failure to
incomplete knowledge. utilize a known system correctly.
Native speakers make mistakes.
When attention is called to them,
they can be self-corrected.
Types of Errors
Interlingual errors (Mother-tongue influence): These
types of errors are influenced by the native languages which
interfere with target language learning.
It is seen as a process in which learners use their knowledge
of the first language in learning a second language.
Learners translate word by word idiomatic expressions,
vocabulary and even the grammatical rules of the learners’
first language into the second language.
Types of Errors
Intralingual errors: These types of error are caused
by the target language (TL) itself.
These errors occur because two types of errors.
The first type is (learning strategy based errors) and
the second one (communication strategies based
errors).
Types of Errors
Induced Errors: These errors occur as a result of classroom
situation which includes ;
materials-induced errors
teacher-talk induced errors
exercise-based induced errors
errors induced by pedagogical priorities and look-up
errors
This type of error is basically because of the incorrect
strategies used in the classroom.
Types of errors according to Corder
and Haryono
Omission Errors: Refer to non-occurrence of necessary structures;
that is, the absence of an item that should appear in a well-formed
sentence.
Examples:
She a student.
It is orange
In the above sentences, the learner omitted the verb to be (is) in
sentence 1 and the indefinite article (an) in sentence 2. The correct
forms of these sentences are: 1) She is a student. 2) It is an orange.
Contd….
Addition Errors: Means addition of some unnecessary or
incorrect elements that should not appear. that mean the
learner presents an item that should appear in a well-formed
sentence.
Examples:
There are two mens in the car.
He did not played football yesterdaty.
The correct forms of these sentences are: 1) There are two
men in the car. 2) He did not play football yesterday
Contd….
Misformation Errors: Refer to the supplement of the wrong
morpheme; that is, the use of the wrong form of grammatical
element.
Examples:
These pen is mine.
Me play game everyday.
The correct forms of these sentences are: 1) This pen is mine.
2) I play game everyday.
Contd…..
Misordering Errors: Means that the words in the
sentence are putting in wrong order.
Examples:
read they a story.
I bought a car black.
The correct order of these sentences is: 1) They read a
story. 2) I bought a black car.
Steps In Error Analysis
Corder (1967) identified a model for error
analysis which included these stages:
Collection
Identifying
Describing
Explaining
Evaluating/correcting the errors
Contd……
[Link] of a Sample : Gather examples of the learner’s spoken or written
language.
[Link] of Errors: Determine which parts of the learner’s language
deviate from the standard or target language norms.
[Link] of Errors: Classify the errors into categories, such as grammatical,
lexical, or phonological errors.
[Link] of Errors: Analyze the possible causes of the errors, which could
include interlingual transfer or intralingual transfer.
[Link] of Errors: Assess the severity and impact of the errors on
communication and decide on the necessary corrective measures.