Vibrationdata
Shock & Vibration Severity
Comparison
1
Shock & Vibration Environments Vibrationdata
• The Matlab GUI package for this analysis is given at:
[Link]
2
SDOF System Subjected to Base Excitation Vibrationdata
m = mass
c = damping coefficient
k = stiffness
= absolute response acceleration
= base acceleration
Summation of forces in the vertical direction By substitution,
Let z=x–y
The variable z is thus the relative displacement
3
Equation of Motion Vibrationdata
By convention,
where
is the angular natural frequency (rad/sec)
is the viscous damping ratio
Substituting the convention terms into equation,
This is a second-order, ordinary differential equation, linear, non-homogenous, with
constant coefficients.
4
Sine Transmissibility Function Vibrationdata
• Either Laplace or Fourier transforms may be used to derive the steady state
transmissibility function for the absolute response
s=j , where j =
where
5
Sine Transmissibility Function Vibrationdata
• The resulting magnitude function is
where f is the base excitation frequency and fn is the natural frequency
6
Power Transmissibility Function Vibrationdata
2 1+ ( 2 ξ ρ i )2
|H a ( ρi )| = 2
( 1 − ρi2 ) 2
+ ( 2ξ ρi )
where fi is the base excitation frequency and fn is the natural frequency
7
Analysis Method Vibrationdata
• Apply each of the three environments on a previous slide separately as a base input to an SDOF system
• The natural frequency, amplification factor and fatigue exponent are independent variables
• Compare the SDOF responses in terms of peak response and relative fatigue damage
• The analysis performed with amplification factor Q=10 and fatigue exponent b=4
• It should be repeated for Q=30 and b=8 for a total of four Q & b combinations
• The following plots are on a per axis basis
• The following reference gives the shock, vibration and fatigue damage spectra methodologies:
[Link]
8
Acronyms Vibrationdata
FDS Fatigue Damage Spectrum
PSD Power Spectral Density
SRS Shock Response Spectrum
VRS Vibration Response Spectrum
9
Vibrationdata
Peak Responses
• Smallwood ramp invariant digital recursive filtering relationship in the time domain
• Textbook power transmissibility function in the frequency domain
10
11
12
13
Half Sine Shock Time History and SRS
Base Input
40 2
Acceleration SRS Q=10
10
positive
negative
30
Peak Accel (G)
Accel (G)
20 10 1
10
0
10
0
0
10
5
00
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.01 0.012
10
50
10
Time (sec) Natural Frequency (Hz)
14
15
16
17
Random Vibration PSD
Acceleration Power Spectral Density 3.72 GRMS Overall
10 -1
Accel (G2/Hz)
10 -2
10 -3
5
00
10
0
10
50
10
Frequency (Hz)
18
19
20
21
22
23
Random PSD VRS & FDS
Acceleration Vibration Response Spectrum Q=10 Acceleration FDS Q=10 b=4
2 12
10
peak
3-sigma
11
1-sigma
10
Damage log10(G )
4
9
Accel (G)
1 8
10
4
0
10
0
10
5
00
10
50
10
0
0
10
5
00
10
50
10
Natural Frequency (Hz)
Natural Frequency (Hz)
• A peak VRS is compatible with and SRS for comparison purposes
• The peak VRS is scaled from the 1-sigma VRS using a scale factor from the
Rayleigh distribution which depends on the natural frequency and duration
24
25
26
27
Sine Sweep Time History
Sine Sweep
10
2
Amplitude
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Time (sec)
28
29
Sine Sweep SRS
Acceleration SRS Q=10
103
positive
negative
102
Peak Accel (G)
1
10
100 0
0
10
5
00
10
50
10
Natural Frequency (Hz)
30
31
32
33
Peak Response Comparison
SRS Q=10
Half Sine Pulse
Random PSD
Sine Sweep
102
Peak Accel (G)
1
10
100 0
0
10
5
00
10
50
10
Natural Frequency (Hz)
34
Vibrationdata
Relative Fatigue Damage Responses
• ASTM E1049-85 Rainflow cycle counting in the time domain
• Dirlik method is the frequency domain
35
36
• The Time History Duration Scale Factor represents 10 double sweeps
37
Sine Sweep FDS
Accel FDS Q=10 b=4 sine sweep
12
Damage log10(G ) 11
10
4
6 0
0
10
5
00
10
50
10
Natural Frequency (Hz)
38
• The End Time includes the 6 msec half sine pulse and extends to 0.2061 sec to allow for cycles of free
vibration
• There are 6 shocks in each direction of each axis for a total of 12 per axis
39
Half Sine Pulse FDS
Accel FDS Q=10 b=4 half sine th
8
7
Damage log10(G )
6
4
2 0
0
10
5
00
10
50
10
Natural Frequency (Hz)
40
Fatigue Damage Spectra Comparison
FDS Q=10 b=4
12 Half Sine Pulse
Random PSD
11 Sine Sweep
10
9
Damage log10(G )
4
2 0
0
10
5
00
10
50
10
Natural Frequency (Hz)
41