GOOD DAY, EVERYONE
SONG OF PRAYER
SA M P L I N G
D I STR I B U T I O N
INTRODUCTION
Population distribution is the
probability distribution of the
population data. While sampling
distribution is the probability of
sample statistic means.
ILLUSTRATION
FAMILIARIZING
TERMINOLOGIES
• PARAMETER = IS A DESCRIPTIVE MEASURE OF A
POPULATION. SYMBOLS USED ARE:
• STATISTIC = IS A NUMBER WHICH DESCRIBES A
SAMPLE. SYMBOLS USED ARE:
•
SEAT WORK
1. THE GRADE OF THE WHOLE CLASS UNDER STUDY IS 82.15.
A. WHOLE CLASS:_____________
B. AVERAGE GRADE (82.15):______________________
2. 50 OUT OF 200 ANIMALS IN THE ZOO WERE TAKEN AND CHECKED ON THEIR WEIGHT. THE VARIANCE OF
THEIR WEIGHT IS 12.5 KG.
A. 50 ANIMALS: _______________
B. VARIANCE(12.5 YRS.): ____________________
3. THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE LIFE SPAN OF A SPECIE IN THE PHILIPPINES IS 2.3 YEARS.
A SPECIE IN THE PHILIPPINES:______________________
B. STANDARD DEVIATION (2.3 YEARS):_________________________________
• 4. BASED ON A SURVEY CONDUTED TO 1200 RESPONDENTS, 1 OUT OF 3 FILIPINOS
CAN’T LIVE WITHOUT A CELLPHONE.
• A. 1200 REPONDENTS:________________
• B. 1 OUT OF 3 FILIPINOS CANT LIVE WITHOUT A CELLPHONE: _________________________
• 5. BASED ON THE HOSPITAL DISCHARGE RECORD IN 2010, THE AVERAGE LENGTH OF
STAY OF PATIENTS IN HOSPITAL IS 4.8 DAYS.
• A. PATIENTS: ____________________
• B. AVERAGE STAY (4.8 DAYS):___________________
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES: [Link] SAMPLING
= A PROCESS WHOSE MEMBERS HAD AN EQUAL CHANCE OF BENIG SELECTED. FROM THE POPULATION.
• A., SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING = A PROCESS OF SELECTING N SAMPLE SIZE IN THE POPULATION VIA RANDOM
NUMBERS OR THROUGH LOTTERY.
• 2. SYSYEMATIC SAMPLING = A PROCESS OF SELECTING A KTH ELEMENT IN THE POPULATIONUNTIL THE
DESIRED NUMBER OF SUBJECTS OR RESPONDENTS IS ATTAINED.
• 3. STRATIFIED SAMPLING = A PROCESS OF SUBDIVIDING THE POPULATION INTO SUBGROUPS OR STRATA AND
DRAWING MEMBERS AT RANDOM FROM EACH SUBGROUP OR STRATUM.
• 4. CLUSTER SAMPLING = A PROCESS OF SELECTING CLUSTERS FROM A POPULATION WHICH IS VERY LARGE OR
WIDELY SPREAD OUT OVER A LARGE GEOGRAPHICAL AREA.
EXAMPLE OF STRATIFIED
SAMPLING
Field of Population Percentage Computed by Sample size
specialization ( found by: c3 x total n
@c2/total N
HUMSS 6,000 50% .50X TOTAL n = 2728
c5
SPORTS 500 4.16% .0416X 227
ABM 2,000 16.66% .1666 909
TVL 1,000 8.33% .0833X 455
STEM 2,500 20.83% .2083 1,136
TOTAL 12,000 100.00 5455 (GIVEN)
2. NON RANDOM SAMPLING
• DEFINITION: A SAMPLING PROCEDURE WHERE SAMPLES ARE SELECTED IN A DELIBERATE MANNER WITH
LITTLE OR NO REGARD TO RANDOMIZATION. IT IS ALSO CALLED NON – PROBABILITY SAMPLING.
a. CONVENIENCE SAMPLING = A PROCESS OF SELECTING A GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS WHO (CONVENIENTLY)
ARE AVAILABLE FOR STUDY.
b. PURPOSIVE SAMPLING = A PROCESS OF SELECTING BASED FROM JUDGMENT WHICH THE RESEARCHER
BELIEVED, BASED ON PRIOR INFORMATION, WILL PROVIDE THE DATA THEY NEED. IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS
JUDGMENT SAMPLING.
c. .QUOTA SAMPLING = APPLIED WHEN RESEARCHER COLLECTS INFORMATION FROM AN ASSIGNED
NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS FROM ONE OF SEVERAL UNITS FULFILLING CERTAIN PRESCRIBED CRITERIA.
d. SNOWBALL SAMPLING = A TECHNIQUE IN WHICH ONE OR MORE MEMBERS OF A POPULATION ARE
LOCATED AND USED TO LEAD THE RESEARCHERS TO OTHER MEMBERS OF THE POPULATION.
e. VOLUNTARY SAMPLING = A TECHNIQUE WHEN SAMPLE ARE COMPOSED OF RESPONDENTS WHO ARE SELF
– SELECT INTO THE STUDY. MOST OF THE TIMES THEY HAVE A STRONG INTEREST IN THE TOPIC OF THE
STUDY.
• SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF SAMPLE MEANS IS A PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION CONSISTING OF ALL POSSIBLE SAMPLE MEANS OF A GIVEN
SAMPLE SIZE N SELECTED FROM A POPULATION.
• CHARACTERISTICS OF SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION
1. THE MEAN OF THE SAMPLE MEANS IS EQUAL TO THE POPULATION
MEAN
• .
• 2. THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE SAMPLE MEANS IS EQUAL TO THE
POPULATION STANDARD DEVIATION DIVIDED BY THE SQUARE ROOT OF
N MULTIPLIED BY THE CORRECTION FACTOR.
• CORRECTION FACTOR:
• ()
• THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEANS IS
ALSO CALLED THE STANDARD ERROR OF THE MEAN. (E).
FORMULAS:
• =
=
• =
• =
• =
MEANINGS OF THE SYMBOLS
• = variance of sample distribution
SYMBOLS AND MEANING
• N = POPULATION SIZE = MEAN OF
SAMPLE MEANS
• = VARIANCE OF SAMPLE MEANS
• = POPULATION VARIANCE = STANDARD DEVIATION OF SAMPLE
MEANS
STEPS IN CONSTRUCTING A SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION:
• 1. FIND THE NUMBER OF POSSIBLE SAMPLES THAT CAN BE DRAWN FROM
FINITE POPULATION USING COMBINATION FORMULA: N .
• 2. RANDOMLY DRAW ALL POSSIBLE SAMPLE SIZE N FROM DISCRETE
FINITE POPULATION OF SIZE N.
3. CALCULATE THE MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION FOR EACH SAMPLE.
4. LIST OBSERVED VALUES OF THE STATISTIC AND ITS CORRESPONDING
FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE.
3 Years in the Business
• 1. SUPPOSED THAT A POPULATION CONSISTS OF
THE SIX EMPLOYEES IN A SMALL BUSINESS. THE
RANDOM VARIABLE OF INTEREST X, IS THE Achaiah 1
NUMBER OF YEARS THE EMPLOYEE HAS BEEN
WITH THE BUSINESS. THE VALUES OF THE
Jhudiel 2
VARIABLE ARE AS FOLLOW:
• A. WHAT IS THE POPULATION MEAN,
POPULATION VARIANCE AND POPULATION Raziel 3
STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE GIVEN SET OF
DATA?
• Riana 4
B. WHAT IS THE SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF
THE SAMPLE MEANS FOR A SAMPLE SIZE OF 2?
Sofia 5
• C. WHAT IS THE MEAN, VARIANCE, AND STANDARD
DEVIATION OF THE SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION?
Uzziel 6
• D. WHAT OBSERVATION CAN BE MADE WITH
RESPECT TO THE POPULATION AND THE SAMPLING
DISTRIBUTION?
SOLUTIONS:
• A. N = 6; N = 2. C(6,2) = ; THERE ARE 15 POSSIBLE SAMPLES
b. Sampling Distribution:
Observation Employees Years
1 Acaiah, Jhudiel 1,2 1.5
2 Acaiah, Raziel 1.3 2.0
3 Acaiah, Riana 1,4 2.5
4 Acaiah, Sofia 1,5 3.0
5 Acaiah, Uzziel 1,6 3.5
6 Jhudiel, Rzziel 2,3 2.5
7 Jhudiel, Riana 2,4 3.0
8 Jhudiel, Sofia 2,5 3.5
9 Jhudiel, Uzziel 2,6 4.0
10 Raziel, Riana 3,4 3.5
11 Raziel, Sofia 3,5 4.0
12 Raziel, Uzziel 3,6 4.5
13 Riana, Sofia 4,5 4.5
14 Riana, Uzziel 4,6 5.0
15 Sofia, Uzziel 5,6 5.5
TOTAL 52.5
μx=3.5; σx2=1.17 σx=1.08
ASSIGNMENT (
• CONSTRUCT A SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE MEANS OF THE FOLLOWING
SET OF DATA USING A SAMPLE SIZE OF 3. ALSO, COMPUTE FOR THE MEAN ,
VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION OF SAMPLE MEANS USING BOTH THE
TABULAR METHOD AND THE FORMULA OR THE SECOND PROPERTY OF
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION:
• 86, 89, 92, 95, 98
REFLECTION