• NOUNS
• PRONOUNS
• VERBS
• ADJECTIVES
• ADVERB
• PREPOSITION
• CONJUNCTION
• INTERJECTION
LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES: -
1. Jack is a stupid boy. 4. Beauty needs no ornaments.
2. India is a great country. 5. I have one sister.
3. The jury found the prisoner guilty. 6. Milk is good for health.
Can you figure out the parts of speech that the highlighted
words refer to?
Yes, they are all NOUNS.
Common Proper Material Abstract
COMMON GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN NOUN USAGE
1. India has won both the one-day and the test serieses.
Ans – India has won both the one-day and the test series.
2. The gift cost me twenty thousands rupees.
Ans – The gift cost me twenty thousand rupees.
3. I bought three dozens bananas.
Ans – I bought three dozen bananas.
4. Where should I keep my luggages?
Ans – Where should I keep my luggage?
5. The evidences prove that he is guilty.
Ans – The evidence proves that he is guilty.
6. Employments are not easy to fetch these days.
Ans – Employment is not easy to fetch these days.
LINKING VERBS
TYPES
OF
ADVERBS
PHRASAL
VERBS
FORMS OF AUXILIARY
VERBS
SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT
RULES
Choose
the
correct
form of
subject-
verb
Choose the
correct
form of
subject-
verb
agreement
ARTICLES
EXCEPTIONS FOR ARTICLES
TENSE RULES
SEQUENCE OF TENSES
A VERB THAT REFERS TO A TIME IN THE PRESENT
IS SAID TO BE IN PRESENT TENSE. FOR EXAMPE: -
• I often write a letter to my friend.
• He loves his younger brother.
• We listen to classical music.
• They go to Jaipur during holidays.
• The baby cries bitterly.
A VERB THAT REFERS TO A TIME IN THE PRESENT
IS SAID TO BE IN PAST TENSE. FOR EXAMPE: -
• Rita washed her sweater.
• We celebrated Diwali yesterday.
• They prepared fried rice for dinner.
• She bought a car yesterday.
A VERB THAT REFERS TO A TIME IN THE PRESENT
IS SAID TO BE IN FUTURE TENSE. FOR EXAMPE: -
• I shall visit my friend today.
• We shall discuss our future plans.
• My friends will take the cat in December.
• They will watch a movie today.
Read the following sentences carefully and see how this structure helps
us express our actions in the present: -
• The earth revolves round the sun. (universal truth)
• Mr Arora watches a movie on Sunday. (habitual action)
• I usually get up at five in the morning. (habitual action)
• He often plays in the evening. (habitual action)
• Horses run faster than donkeys. (general fact)
• We go to some hill station during summer holidays. (habitual
action)
Read the following sentences and identify the tense they carry: -
• Tukka cleaned her room today.
• I shall visit their house sometime in the next week.
• They waited for me for an hour.
• Ruth speaks very fast.
• I shall wish him a very happy birthday.
• Roshan gives me a sweet smile everyday.
• They will send the invitation cards next month.
• He gained the goodwill of his customers.
The authorities will discuss the terms and conditions with their
employees in the meeting.
• I love singing old Hindi songs.
ANSWERS
• Simple past
• Simple future
• Simple past
• Simple present
• Simple future
• Simple present
• Simple future
• Simple past
• Simple future
• Simple present
Fill in the blanks with appropriate verb in simple present tense: -
• My mother ____________ (buy) vegetables from the Reliance Fresh store.
• Normally, he ____________ (walk) very fast.
• She ____________ (rebuke) her children for playing computer games.
• We ____________(not find) the solution of this problem on the internet.
• They __________ (not trust) their employees.
• Girls _________ (not like) wrestling.
• The chief librarian usually __________ (purchase) new books and journals
for the library in July.
• Snigdha ________ (dance) skillfully.
• Siddharth __________ (take) coffee after dinner.
• It ____________ (rain) frequently in London.
ANSWERS
• Buys
• I walk
• rebukes
• do not find
• do not trust
• do not like
• Purchases
• Dances
• Takes coffee
• rains
ANALOGY
TYPES OF ANALOGIES
lettuce singer cake silent Measure
foot rectangle depressed bird car
hand water girl eat foot
scale grass day vegetable dinner
1. What is communication / process of communication ?
2.
SL. USE THIS PHRASE INSTEAD OF THIS PHRASE
NO
1 ON FOOT BY WALK
These days I go to office on foot. These days I go to office by walk.
2 HAIL FROM BELONG TO
I hail from Rajasthan. I belong to Rajasthan.
3 GET OFF GET DOWN
I am going to get off at the next station. I am going to get down at the next station.
4 HARD SLAP TIGHT SLAP
I will give you a hard slap on your face. I will give you a tight slap on your cheek.
5 TURN ON/OFF ON/OFF
Turn off the light before you leave the room Off the light before you leave the room.
6 BUY PURCHASE
I am going to buy two loaves of bread. I am going to purchase two breads.
7 TIME IS UP TIME IS OVER
Stop writing!! Time is up!! Stop writing!! Time is over!
SL. USE THIS PHRASE INSTEAD OF THIS PHRASE
NO
8 TO SOMEBODY’S FACE ON SOMEBODY’S FACE
When I cracked a joke, it brought a smile to his face When I cracked a joke, it brought a smile on his face
9 LESSON IS GIVEN LESSON IS DELIVERED
I have given the lesson to the child. I have delivered the lesson to the child.
10 PERFECT/COMPLETE SILENCE PIN DROP SILENCE
There was perfect silence/complete silence. There was a pin drop silence.
11 LAST EVENING YESTERDAY EVENING
I saw him last evening. I saw him yesterday evening.
12 REALLY/VERY GOOD TOO GOOD
The movie is really good. The movie is too good
13 TO LIVE TO PUT UP
Where are you live? Where are you put up?
14 HOW CAN I HELP YOU? TELL ME
Madam Tina speaking, how can I help you? Madam Tina speaking, tell me