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Understanding Molarity and Molality

The document explains the concepts of solution concentration, including solute, solvent, and solution definitions. It details molarity (M) and molality (m) as measures of concentration, providing formulas and examples for calculating each. The document also includes specific examples that illustrate how to determine molarity and molality based on given quantities.

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11 views9 pages

Understanding Molarity and Molality

The document explains the concepts of solution concentration, including solute, solvent, and solution definitions. It details molarity (M) and molality (m) as measures of concentration, providing formulas and examples for calculating each. The document also includes specific examples that illustrate how to determine molarity and molality based on given quantities.

Uploaded by

bpbplttc
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Solution Concentration

Review
● Solute - the substance being dissolved
● Solvent - substance that dissolves the solute
● Solution - the combination of the solute and solvent where
the solute dissolves and is uniformly distributed
● Solubility - the amount of solute that will dissolve in the
solvent
Concentration
● Concentration is an expression of the ratio of the solute to
either the solvent or the solution.
● If the concentration is showing the ratio of the solute to the
solution, this is called molarity (M)
● If the concentration is showing the ratio of the solute to the
solvent, this is called molality (m)

● 1.0 M NaOH is read as “1.0 molar solution of sodium


hydroxide”
○ This means the solution has 1.0 moles of sodium
hydroxide per liter of the solution
Molarity
● Molarity (M) - the number of moles of solute dissolved in one
liter of solution
● M = mol of solute
L of solution
Example
● Determine the molarity of 0.250 moles of NaCl in 0.400 L of
solution

● M = mol of solute M = .250 mol


NaCl = .625
L of solution 0.400
L soln

Final answer should have 3sf

Molarity = 0.625 M
Example
● Determine the molarity of 120. Grams of NaOH in 327 mL of
the solution
120. g NaOH 1 mol NaOH

40.00 g NaOH = 3.00 mol NaOH

327 mL soln 1 L soln

1000 mL soln =0.327 mL soln

● M = mol of solute M = 3.00 mol


NaOH = 9.17431193
L of solution 0.327
L soln
Molality
● Molality (m) - the number of moles of solute contained in one
kilogram of solvent
● m = mol of solute
kg of solvent
Example
● Determine the molality of 0.250 moles of NaCl in 0.400 kg of
solvent

● m = mol of solute m = .250 mol


NaCl = .625
kg of solvent 0.400
kg solvent

Final answer should have 3sf

Molality = 0.625 m
Example
● Determine the molality of 120. Grams of KOH in 0.350 kg of
the solvent
120. g KOH 1 mol KOH

56.11 g KOH = 2.14 mol KOH

● M = mol of solute M = 2.14 mol


NaOH = 6.11428571
kg of solvent 0.350
kg solvent

Final answer should have 3sf

6.11428571 → 6.11 m

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