PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT
Psychotherapy
“talk therapy”.
Provides individuals an opportunity to explore
their issues and unhealthy patterns.
TARGET CLIENTS AND NURSING ROLES IN
PSYCHOTHERAPY
Format: Individual therapy
Description: One on one session with the therapist
Format: Couples therapy
Description: Helping couples improve their relationship with the
guidance of the therapist
Format: Family therapy
Description: Enhance the dynamics within the family, often
involving multiple family members.
Format: Group therapy
Description: A small group of individuals with similar goals work
together, offering and receiving support, and practicing new
behaviors within a supportive environment.
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS IN GROUP
THERAPY:
Seating
Size
Membership
Open ended groups
Closed ended groups
PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID
Accdg. To WHO- Offers compassionate,
supportive, and practical help to individuals in
distress, while respecting their dignity, cultural
background, and abilities
PRIMARY GOAL: Reduce initial stress and foster
short and long term adaptive functioning and
coping.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID
3 ESSENTIAL STEPS:
1. LOOK
[Link]
3. LINK
When the nurse assumes the responsibility of assisting
those affected by the distressing event, it is important to
remember the following principles.(WHO 2011)
1. Safety
2. Dignity
3. Rights
CRISIS INTERVENTION
Is a short term approach focused on
addressing an immediate and acute
psychological crisis.
The goal is to stabilize the individual,
reduce the intensity of their emotional
distress, and help them regain a sense of
control.
Crisis intervention
techniques : involves a range of
1. Directive interventions
2. Supportive intervention
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS IN CRISIS
INTERVENTION
1. Assess the risk for self-harm to ensure safety.
2. The nurse should assess the risk, understand the
triggers and create a safety plan.
Milieu Therapy
Referred to as therapeutic community or
therapeutic environment.
The primary objective is to create an
environment where every aspect of the
client’s experience is therapeutic.
ASSERTIVENESS
TRAINING
- Useful for managing depression, social
anxiety, unexpressed anger and it helps
improve interpersonal skills and self
respect.
Nursing considerations
in Assertiveness
Training
1. Nurses must be mindful of their own
behavior and communication styles.
2. The ability to respond assertively is
vital for nurses.
3. Assertiveness training helps nurses
support clients in enhancing their self-
esteem and improving their interpersonal
relationships.
4. Integrating the nursing process can
effectively guide the clients leading to
better outcomes.
Activity Therapy
- Improve physical, mental and emotional
well-being. Interventions include:
1. Occupational Therapy
2. Recreational Therapy
3. Educational Therapy
4. Play Therapy
5. Music Therapy
6. Dance Therapy
7. Art Therapy
Occupational Therapy
Involves goal oriented. Purposeful activities
aimed at assessing and treating individuals
with psychological, physical, or
developmental disabilities.
The primary goal is to help the clients
achieve a balanced engagement in various
activities and develop skills to function in
their personal and social environments.
Types of Occupational
Activities for various
disorders:
1. Anxiety d/o- simple task with 3-4 steps;e.g kitchen task and
gardening.
2. Depressive d/o- achievable tasks with positive reinforcement, like
crafts and gardening.
3. Manic d/o- non-competitive activities with frequent changes like
raking or sweeping.
4. Schizophrenia(Paranoid)- Solitary tasks requiring concentration like
puzzles.
5. Schizophrenia(Catatonic)- Simple, concrete tasks with continuous
supervision like clay molding.
6. Antisocial PD- Activities to boost self-esteem and creativity with
supervision.
7. Dementia- Structured group activities that require minimal
concentration, and reinforce familiar hobbies.
8. Substance Abuse- Group activities like planning social activities.
9. Childhood and Adolescent d/o- play, story telling, painting, sports.
10. Mental retardation- repetitive task with positive reinforcement
such as packaging.
Recreational Therapy
-Uses planned therapeutic activities to help
individuals with limitations engage in
recreational experiences.
-Primary Goals:
1. Facilitate connections and reduce feelings
of isolation.
2. Offer a safe space to express and manage
emotions.
3. Foster behaviors that are socially
appropriate and constructive.
4. Enhance personal skills and abilities.
5. Build self- esteem and physical confidence.
Suggested recreational
activities for various
disorders:
1. Anxiety d/o- aerobic activities like walking or jogging
2. Depressive d/o- non-competitive sports like jogging
or walking.
3. Manic d/o- one to one games like badminton.
4. Schizophrenia(Paranoid)- concentrating activities like
chess
5. Schizophrenia(Catatonic)- Social activities like
dancing
6. Antisocial PD- Activities to boost self-esteem and
creativity with supervision.
7. Dementia- repetitive crafts and projects.
8. Childhood and Adolescent d/o- one to one activities
for children, group activities for adolescents.
10. Mental retardation- activities matching client’s
functioning level, like dancing or swimming.
Educational Therapy
- Address misconceptions by providing
reading and learning experiences to
reduce anxiety and clarify understanding.
Biblio Therapy
- Prescribing reading materials to aid in
emotional development and mental
health.
Play Therapy
- Utilizes play as a tool for emotional
expression and development in children.
- Functions:
1. Curative
2. Diagnostic
Types of Play Therapy
1. Individual vs. Group
2. Free vs. Controlled
3. Structured vs. Unstructured
4. Directive vs. Non-directive
Music Therapy
- Advantages:
1. Facilitate emotional expression.
2. Enhance cognitive skills such as learning and
attention.
3. Stimulates social interaction.
Dance Therapy
Advantages:
1. Develops body awareness and facilitate
emotional expression.
2. Improves communication and self-
confidence.
3. Promotes physical health.
Art Therapy
Advantages:
[Link] a socially acceptable way to explore
fantasies and conflicts.
2. Provides relief from anxiety.