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Understanding the Scientific Method

The scientific method is a structured approach to problem-solving that involves several steps: stating the problem, proposing a hypothesis, testing it through experimentation, analyzing data, and reporting conclusions. An example illustrates this process using a plant's need for sunlight, highlighting independent and dependent variables. The method emphasizes the importance of repeatability in experiments for validation.

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2 views8 pages

Understanding the Scientific Method

The scientific method is a structured approach to problem-solving that involves several steps: stating the problem, proposing a hypothesis, testing it through experimentation, analyzing data, and reporting conclusions. An example illustrates this process using a plant's need for sunlight, highlighting independent and dependent variables. The method emphasizes the importance of repeatability in experiments for validation.

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Yulia Harvard
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The Scientific

Method
The scientific method is an
organized way to solve a
problem
STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC
METHOD
State the problem
●Formulate a question that needs to be answered

Propose a hypothesis
●A hypothesis is an educated guess about what the solution to the problem is.

Test the hypothesis.


●Testing is done through experimentation. All experiments
should contain a variable or a condition which can be changed.
Experiments also include a control in which no change is made. The
control serves as the reference.
Steps of the Scientific Method
B3

Observations and data.


●The results of the experiment are recorded as data. Observations are made
with our sense and instruments

Analysis & Conclusions


●The data from the experiment needs to be looked at and analyzed. After
this is done, a conclusion or answer to the problem

Report & Repeat


●Conclusions must be reported so that other scientists
can repeat the experiments
Example of the Scientific Method
● Example of the Scientific Method:
● Problem: Does the green plant need sunlight to survive?
● Hypothesis: A green plant will wilt and die if kept in the dark.
● Test of hypothesis (experiment): Take two plants of the same type, size and
in the same soil.
● place one in sunlight (the control)
● place the other in complete darkness (variable)
● water each plant at the same time every day with the same water
● Make Observations: Record in writing the differences you observe
between the two plants.
● Conclusion: Analyze the observations and draw your conclusions.
● Repeat the Experiment: Do another experiment to assure the
same results.
Independent & Dependent Variables
B6
● Independent Variable: A variable that is
controlled by the experimenter; the ONLY one
over which YOU have direct control.

● Dependent Variable: The thing that you


measure in the experiment (Ex. Height of
plant)

● Conventionally the independent variable is


plotted on the horizontal axis (also known as
the x-axis) and the dependent variable on the
vertical axis (or the y-axis)
Independent & Dependent Variables

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