Module-3
Computer Integrated Manufacturing
(CIM):
Introduction to Manufacturing Systems:
Manufacturing systems refer to the combination of
people, equipment, policies, and procedures used
in the production of goods. The goal of a
manufacturing system is to efficiently produce
products with high quality, low cost, and flexibility.
[Link]-shop Manufacturing: Produces a variety of
products in small quantities, often customized.
[Link] Manufacturing: Products are produced in
batches or groups, allowing for some flexibility.
[Link] Production: Involves the production of large
volumes of standardized products.
4. Continuous Manufacturing: Often used in
industries like chemicals and oil refining, where the
process runs 24/7.
CIM integrates various manufacturing processes
with computer systems to enhance productivity,
quality, and flexibility. It includes technologies
like computer-aided design (CAD), computer-
aided manufacturing (CAM), robotics, and
material handling.
Material Handling Systems:
Material handling refers to the
movement, storage, control, and
protection of materials and products
throughout the manufacturing process.
Effective material handling systems
improve production efficiency and reduce
operational costs.
[Link] Guided Vehicles (AGV):
• They follow predefined paths and can transport materials
from one location to another without human intervention.
They are equipped with sensors, lasers, or cameras for
navigation.
• Advantages: Reduced labor costs, improved safety, and
efficient transportation.
• Applications: Used in industries like automotive
manufacturing, warehouses, and distribution centers.
(See video)
•AGVs are mobile robots used for the automated
transportation of materials within a manufacturing plant or
warehouse.
[Link]:
[Link] robots are programmable machines
that can perform repetitive tasks, such as
assembly, welding, painting, or packaging.
[Link]: Articulated robots (with multiple joints),
SCARA robots (with a rigid arm), Cartesian robots (with
linear motion), and delta robots (used in high-speed
operations).
[Link]: Improve precision, reduce human error,
increase productivity, and perform tasks in hazardous
environments.
[Link] Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS & RS):
[Link]/RS are used to automatically store and retrieve
materials from storage locations.
[Link]: Typically includes cranes, conveyors, and
automated racks that move vertically and horizontally
within a warehouse.
[Link]: Space efficiency, quick retrieval, reduced
manual labor, and improved inventory control.
[Link]: Commonly used in warehouses, distribution
centers, and manufacturing facilities.
Group Technology and Cellular Manufacturing:
[Link] Technology (GT):
[Link] Technology is a manufacturing
philosophy that focuses on organizing
production into groups of similar products,
allowing for efficient handling, tooling, and
scheduling.
[Link] idea is to group products based on
similarities in their design or manufacturing
processes, making it easier to optimize
operations.
[Link]: Reduced lead times, improved quality
control, and better resource utilization.
[Link] Manufacturing:
[Link] Manufacturing is a layout strategy where
machines and workstations are arranged in a cell to
produce a family of similar products.
[Link] cell is dedicated to a specific group of products and
operates semi-autonomously, reducing material
handling time and costs.
[Link]: Improved flow, reduced inventory, faster setup
times, and enhanced flexibility.
Flexible Manufacturing Systems
(FMS):
[Link]:
[Link] is a system that allows manufacturers to produce a wide
variety of products with minimal manual intervention. It uses a
combination of computerized controls, automated machines, and
flexible material handling systems to adapt to changing production
requirements.
[Link] system consists of workstations, automated machines, and a
central computer for control and coordination.
[Link]:
[Link]: CNC machines or other automated machines capable
of performing multiple tasks.
[Link] Handling: Automated systems (like AGVs) that move
materials between workstations.
[Link] Computer: Coordinates the entire system and adjusts
production schedules and machine operations based on demand.
[Link]:
[Link]: Can handle small batch sizes and varying production orders
without significant downtime or reconfiguration.
[Link] Quality: Automation ensures consistent performance and
quality.
[Link]:
[Link] is commonly used in industries like automotive, aerospace, and
consumer electronics, where the production of a variety of products is
required with minimal downtime and fast changeovers.
[Link]: Reduces waste, downtime, and setup times by automating
tasks.