WELCOME

TENSES
Sub-Teacher: Sanjaykumar Vhorade
Grade : X
Group: Vivekanand/Basava
 TENSES
There are three Main types of tense in English.
[Link] Tense
[Link] Tense
[Link] Tense

The Present, Past and Future tense are divided in to four types : simple tense ,continuous
tense, perfect tense and perfect continuous tense. Thus there are 12 types of tense in
English language.
 FLOWCHART OF TENSE
TENSE

Simple Present Tense Simple Past Tense Simple

Future Tense

[Link] Continuous Tense 1. Past Continuous Tense 1. Future

Continuous Tense
[Link] Perfect Tense 2. Past Perfect Tense [Link] Perfect
Tense
[Link] Perfect Continuous Tense 3. Past Perfect Continuous Tense [Link] Perfect
Continuous Tense
 TENSE
There are three Main types of tense in English language.
[Link] Tense
[Link] Tense
[Link] Tense
The Present, Past and Future tense are divided in to four types : simple tense ,
continuous tense, perfect tense and perfect continuous tense. Thus there are 12

types of tense in English language.

We will study all the 12 types of tense in detail one by one.
1. Simple Present Tense: Present tense is used to describe or show the action
happening right now.
Ex: He writes the story , Structure = [ Subject+ Main Verb + Object]
[Link] Past Tense: Simple past tense is used to talk about things that
happened or existed before now.
Ex. 1. He wrote the story.
Structure- [ Subject+Past form of verb+object]

[Link] Future Tense: Simple future tense is used to talk about things that
have not happened yet…Use the simple future tense to talk about an action or
condition that will begin and end in the future.
Ex. [Link] will write the story tomorrow.
Structure – [ Subject + shall/will +Main Verb+object]
[Link] Continuous Tense: Present continuous tense can be used to
describe when an action happened or may happen. You can use it to describe
both events that are happening in the present right now, while you are talking
about something or in the future, something that may or will happen later on.
Ex: 1. He is writing the story.
Structure: [Subject + am/is/are + (verb + ing form) + Object]

[Link] Continuous Tense: Past Continuous tense is also known as the past
progressive tense, refers to a continuing action or state that was happening at
some point in the past.
Ex: 1. He was writing the story .
Sructure: [Subject + was/were + (verb + ing form) + Object ]
[Link] Continuous Tense: Future continuous tense is also known as
future progressive tense ,is a verb tense that indicates something will occur in
the future and continue for an expected length of time.
Ex: [Link] will be writing the story.
Structure : [ Subject + shall be/will be + (verb + ing) + Object ]

[Link] Perfect Tense: Present perfect tense is used to show that an action
has taken place once or many times before now. Present perfect tense is most
frequently used to talk about experiences or changes that have taken place.
Ex: [Link] has written the story.
Structure: [Subject + have/has + Past Participle + Object]
[Link] Perfect Tense: Past perfect tense indicates that an action
was completed at some point in the past before something else
happened. This tense is formed by using ‘had’ plus past
participle form of the main verb.

Ex: [Link] had written the story.

Structure: [Subject + had + Past Participle + Object]

[Link] perfect Tense: Future perfect tense indicates that an action will have
been completed at some point in the future. This tense is formed by using ‘shall
have’ & ‘will have’ plus past participle form of the main verb.

Ex: [Link] will have written the story by next week.

Structure: [Subject + shall have/will have + Past Participle + Object]
[Link] Perfect Continuous Tense: Present perfect continuous tense
is a verb tense which is used to show that an action started in the past and has
continued up to the present moment. The present perfect continuous tense
usually emphasizes duration or the amount time that an action has been taking
place.
Ex: [Link] has been writing the story.
Structure: [ Subject + have been/has been + (verb + ing) + Object]

[Link] Perfect Continuous Tense: Past perfect continuous tense shows

that an action that started in the past continued up until another time in the past.
It is formed by using ‘had been’ plus verb’s present participle form (write +
ing).
Ex: [Link] had been writing the story.
Structure: [ Subject + had been + (verb + ing) + Object]
[Link] Perfect Continuous Tense: The future perfect continuous tense
is a verb tense that describes actions that will continue up to until a point in the
future. It is formed by using ‘shall/will have been’ plus verb’s present participle
form.( shall/will have been writing)

Ex: [Link] will have been writing the story.

Structure: [ Subject + shall/will have been + (verb + ing) + Object]

 Examples of 12 Types of Tense
1. Rohan plays cricket. (Simple Present Tense )
2. Rohan played cricket. (Simple Past Tense )
3. Rohan will play cricket. (Simple Future Tense )

4. Rohan is playing cricket. ( Present Continuous Tense)

5. Rohan was playing cricket. (Past Continuous Tense)
6. Rohan will be playing cricket. (Future Continuous Tense)

7. Rohan has played cricket. (Present Perfect Tense)

8. Rohan had played cricket. (Past Perfect Tense)
9. Rohan will have played cricket. (Future Perfect Tense)

10. Rohan has been playing cricket. ( Present Perfect Continuous Tense)
11. Rohan had been playing cricket. ( Past Perfect Continuous Tense)
 TENSE CHART

12 TYPES OF TENSE
Tense Simple Continuous Perfect Tense Perfect Continuous
Tense Tense

Present Tense He writes the story. He is writing the story. He has written the story. He has been writing the story.

Past Tense He wrote the story. He was writing the story. He had written the story. He had been writing the story.

Future Tense He will write the story. He will be writing the He will have written the story. He will have been writing the
story. story.
 Structure of 12 Tenses

Tense Simple Continuous Tense Perfect Tense Perfect

Tense Continuous Tense

Prese [ S + MV + O ] [ S+ am/is/are + ( v + ing ) + O ] [ S + have / has + P.P + O ] [S+have/has been+(v+ing)+O]

nt
Tense

Past [ S + V2+ O ] [ S+ was/were + ( v + ing )+O ] [ S + had + P.P+ O ] [S+ had been + (v+ing) + O ]
Tense

Futur
[S+shall/will+MV+O] [S+shall be/will be+(v + ing)+O] [ S+shall/will have/+P.P+O] [S+shall/will have
e been+( v+ ing)+O]
Tense

Note: S = Subject , MV= Main Verb , (v+ing) = Verb + ing form , O= Object , V2= Second form of Main
Verb/past form
P.P = Past participle
Exercise:1
Exercise:2
Q2. Complete the dialogue.
 Rashid: Rahul! Your friend Manas has sent you a postcard. It’s from Kerala. It ____
(look) nice.
Rahul: I bet it does!
Rashid: He ____ (write) that it’s very hot there. There ___ (be) a lot of tourists. The
hotels ____ (be) full. He ____ (say) the restaurants ____ (be) always full!
Rahul: Yes. I’m sure it is. The papers____ (say) that the temperature there is 30C.
Rashid: Then he ___ (write) that he has learnt a bit of Malayalam, and that he ____
(get on) well with the people there, especially the women!
Rashid: Look, didn’t the newspaper ____ (say) that there’s another strike in Kerala.
Rahul: Yes, it did Manas won’t mind having to stay in Kerala longer!
Exercise:3
 Q3. Correct the following sentences:
 i. I lived in Calcutta since 1930.
 ii. She died before her husband came.
 iii. I have written a letter to her last Monday.
 iv. I am reading Kalidasa for the last six days.
 v. The new hotel has been opened last Saturday.
 vi. He had gone to Madras last week.
 vii. The train leave the station before I reached there.
 viii. I wish my men had been coming quickly and find us.
 ix. At the moment the baby sleep in the cradle.
 x. He goes out for ten minutes.
Thank You