Dr.
Nitish K Singh,Vivek University, Bijnor
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Publication Ethics & Misconducts
Plagiarism and self-plagiarism or text
recycling
Using other researcher’s ideas, work or even a sentence without
giving them credit through proper citation is considered plagiarism.
Dr. Nitish K Singh,Vivek University, Bijnor
Even using your own prior work without citing is considered as self-
plagiarism
Obtaining permission for the material, work, figures is essential from
ethical point of view.
Plagiarism is considered as one of the prominently done malpractice
which every researcher must consciously avoid.
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Plagiarism and self-plagiarism or text
recycling
Plagiarism is one of the most dangerous misconducts in research
Plagiarism is the appropriation of other people’s material without
Dr. Nitish K Singh,Vivek University, Bijnor
giving proper credit”(the European Code of Conduct for Research
Integrity) .
Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person’s ideas processes,
results or words without 34 giving appropriate credit.”(Us Federal
Policy on Research Misconduct). There are different types of
plagiarism :
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Plagiarism and self-plagiarism or text
recycling
Direct plagiarism in which a portion of someone’s writing is copied
word by word.
Dr. Nitish K Singh,Vivek University, Bijnor
Self Plagiarism in which the researcher presents his or her own
previously published data.
Accidental Plagiarism in which the researchers does not cite their
sources or even misquotes without giving proper attribution.
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Plagiarism and self-plagiarism or text
recycling
Dr. Nitish K Singh,Vivek University, Bijnor
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Plagiarism and self-plagiarism or text
recycling
Dr. Nitish K Singh,Vivek University, Bijnor
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Fabrication
In the European Code of conduct fabrication is defined
Dr. Nitish K Singh,Vivek University, Bijnor
as “making up results and recording them as if they were
real”. It is the act of making up data and reporting the
made up data as a true reflection of never conducted
research study(Martyn, 2003). Data fabrication are
undertaken by immoral and moral
individuals(Gerrets,2016).
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Authorship Conflict
Authorship is identifying the person who has given his contribution
in a noteworthy way to the particular research work.
Dr. Nitish K Singh,Vivek University, Bijnor
Acknowledgement: The ICMJE guidelines state that “All others
who contributed to the work who are not authors should be named
in the acknowledgement”.
Contributor ship: The ICMJE guidelines recommend that “author
should provide a description of what each contributed and editor
should publish that information”.
Ghost author: It is seen that some writer’s role are not
acknowledged though the name should be there according to the
ICMJE guidelines. They involve themselves in data collection and
data interpretation..
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Guest authorship /Gift authorship: There
are some persons whose names are listed
but actually they did not make a significant
contribution. They are often senior figures.
Sometimes the name is added on
understanding
Redundant Publication
It is the publication of a paper which is
similar to a published paper by the same
author . He does this without
acknowledging the source. It is an
example of ‘poor scholarship’ and the
study contributes very less. It is turned to
be a wastage to the editor and reviewer in
every way.