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Optical Instruments Overview and Applications

The document provides an overview of various optical instruments, including simple and compound microscopes, telescopes (astronomical, Galilean, terrestrial), prism binoculars, and simple cameras. It details the functioning and applications of these instruments, such as magnification properties, image formation, and uses in viewing distant objects or tiny specimens. Additionally, it discusses the optical features of the human eye and common eye defects, along with the principles of projectors.

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ofohacharles14
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15 views8 pages

Optical Instruments Overview and Applications

The document provides an overview of various optical instruments, including simple and compound microscopes, telescopes (astronomical, Galilean, terrestrial), prism binoculars, and simple cameras. It details the functioning and applications of these instruments, such as magnification properties, image formation, and uses in viewing distant objects or tiny specimens. Additionally, it discusses the optical features of the human eye and common eye defects, along with the principles of projectors.

Uploaded by

ofohacharles14
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

• OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

• MICROSCOPE: SIMPLE AND COMPOUND MICROSCOPE

• TELESCOPE: ASTRONOMICAL , GALILEAN,


TERRESTRIAL

• PRISM BINOCULARS

• SIMPLE CAMERA
• THE SIMPLE MICROSCOPE/ MAGNIFYING GLASS:
CONVERGING LENS
• OBJECT BETWEEN F AND OPTICAL CENTER: NATURE OF IMAGE,
MAGNIFIED, UPRIGHT AND VIRTUAL
• APPLICATION: Reading tiny points or scientific specimens
• Angular magnification of a simple microscope

• COMPOUND MICROSCOPE: TWO CONVERGING LENS, THE


OBJECTIVE AND EYE PIECE LENS WITH SHORT FOCAL LENGTH
• OBJECTIVE LENS: MAGNIFIED, INVERTED AND REAL IMAGE
FORMED BETWEEN THE OPTICAL CENTER AND F OF THE EYE PIECE
LENS
• EYE PIECE LENS: MAGNIFIED, INVERTED AND VIRTUAL

• MAGNIFYING POWER OF THE COMPOUND MICROSCOPE: , D = least


• THE ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPE: Two converging
lenses, objective lens with long focal length and eye piece
lens with short focal length.

• NATURE OF IMAGES FORMED: Virtual, Magnified and


Inverted.
• APPLICATION: Viewing distant objects like the moon,
stars and planets.

• AT NORMAL ADJUSTMENT: Image formed is at Infinity


• GALILEAN TELESCOPE: A converging lens of long focal
length, as objective lens, and a diverging lens of short focal
length, as eye piece lens.

• Nature of the image formed: Virtual, erect and Magnified

• The longer the focal length of the objective lens and the
shorter the focal length of the eye piece lens, the larger the
magnification
• , D = distance of the final image by the concave lens

• APPLICATION: Used to produce an erect image of a distant


• TERRESTRIAL TELESCOPE: Three converging
lenses, an objective lens of long focal length, an eye
piece lens of short focal length, a third lens as erecting
lens, placed between the objective and eye piece lens

• The third lens is placed 2f in front of the inverted


image produced by the objective lens . This is to
ensure an upright image of the same size is produced
at
• APPLICATION: Used to produce an erect image of
a distant object
• THE HUMAN EYE: OPTICAL FEATURES OF THE EYE

• EYE DEFECTS: SHORT SIGHT/MYOPIA, LONG


SIGHT/HYPERMETROPIA, ASTIGMATISM, PRESBYOBIA

• TERMS

• PERSISTENCE OF VISION

• ACCOMODATION

• BINOCULAR VISION
• PRISM BINOCULARS: Two converging lenses and two
isosceles prism
• It works on the same principle as the astronomical
telescope
• It is astronomical telescope in compact form

• SIMPLE CAMERA: Similar in principle to that of the


human eye

• ASSIGNMENT: Differences and similarities between the


simple camera and the human eye.
• PROJECTOR: FEATURES
• Source of light
• Converging mirror behind the light source
• Condenser: two plano convex lenses that collect rays
from light source and concentrate them unto the slide
• The slide carrier: a frame work in which objects to be
projected is placed upside down so that it appear erect on
the screen
• The focusing lens placed at f and 2f from the object
• White screen receiving the image

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