AUGMENTED REALITY FOR

STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS

NAME: [Link]
REG NO: 61781921209002

GUIDED BY:
DR. M. N. A. GULSHAN TAJ
PROFESSOR
SONA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY.
 INTRODUCTION
Augmented reality (AR) is a live direct or indirect view of a physical, real-world
environment whose elements are augmented (or supplemented) by computer-
generated sensory input such as sound, video, graphics or GPS data.
Augmented reality technologies have been used in various disciplines and arenas, e.g.
engineering, entertainment, aerospace, medicine, military, and automotive
industry.

AR is typically powered by mobile applications, headsets, and other smart devices

that superimpose digital objects into the real world.
 HOW AR WORKS?

PROJECT
PLANNING

SAFETY AUTOMATED
TRAINING MEASUREMENTS

TEAM PROJECT
COLLABORATION MODIFICATIONS

ON-SITE PROJECT
INFORMATION
 OBJECTIVES

To creates a 3d version of the Civil and University block in Sona campus and
place it over the physical reality in the real environment.
To provide engineers with the ability to digitally interact with their projects by
taking SONA as case study.
To notice any manual error in the drawings and superimpose and rectify errors
occur by manual intervention before construction.
To create virtual tour with the help of AR software packages (Vuforia, Wikitude,
Arkit, Arcore) for civil and university block in Sona campus.
 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
Regardless of
The architects the shape or With the
and designers the size, the concept of AR,
have slowly Designing a analysis has the engineer
moved away structure and become easier. can review
from its But when it the structure
conventional subsequent comes to as it
designs and analysis using executing progresses
are now software has those designs with the
exploring new now become a on the field, drawings by
avenues of normal. we still rely on projecting the
designs and human drawing onto
detailing. experience the field.
and intuition.
AR IN CONSTRUCTION

PROJECT PLANNING:
 To generate 3D models directly on a 2D plan.
 This allows clients to get a realistic view of project outcomes and make any changes before construction
begins.
 Getting this level of client involvement early in the process helps prevent costly changes later and keeps
clients engaged.
AUTOMATED MEASUREMENTS
 Augmented reality gear can measure a space’s physical properties, including its height, width and depth.
 This allows workers to find any inconsistencies in the structures and quickly adjust them to prevent higher
costs.
PROJECT MODIFICATIONSIS

 Its ability for users to make changes to building models directly on the field site.
 This application will be particularly useful for engineers, as it allows them to troubleshoot any errors in a
virtual view before applying changes to the physical structure.
ON-SITE PROJECT INFORMATION

 Field workers can view information like the locations of pipes, walls, outlets, switches and ventilation.
 For example, a contractor can use a headset or tablet to see the locations of each drill hole specified in the
building plans and ensure proper placement.
TEAM COLLABORATION

 Construction projects require a great deal of collaboration between multiple teams, including carpenters,
electricians, plumbers, welders, designers and managers.
 AR allows all users to share notes and videos of errors or design issues in real time, reducing the cost
and time it takes to resolve problems.
SAFETY TRAINING
 With the help of an AR headset, however, workers can access virtual drills, instruction and safety scenarios.
 This style of direct learning not only improves their awareness of safety and provides intuitive training,
but also reduces training costs.
WHAT IS AR SOFTWARE?

 AR software works in conjunction with devices such as tablets, phones, headsets, and more.
 These integrating devices contain sensors, digital projectors, and the appropriate software that
enables these computer-generated objects to be projected into the real world.
 Once a model has been superimposed in the real world, users can interact with it and manipulate
the model.
 These solutions have additional uses aside from placing a 3D model into the real world.
 AR is commonly used for entertainment purposes—specifically gaming.
 This software can also be used to display contextual information.
 Users can point the hardware’s camera display at an object to display valuable data.
 SOFTWARES USED FOR AR:

 Vuforia
 Wikitude
 ARKit
 ARCore
 MaxST
 EasyAR
 Kudan
 AR ToolKit
 ARmedia
 [Link]
 Adobe Aero
USES OF AR SOFTWARE:

 Product view – AR technology allows potential customers to view and interact with your
product or service before purchasing. This can enable them to make better-informed decisions.
 Enhance content – AR technology allows users to embed various types of data onto content.
People can point their device at a real-life object to learn whatever kind of information is
necessary, instead of needing to search for it elsewhere.
 Training – AR solutions enable users to train employees more thoroughly than they can through
documentation and meetings. This software allows for trainees to learn job responsibilities by
fully visualizing them, instead of just reading about job duties.
 Productivity – This software enables users to improve workflow and processes at their business.
This is particularly true for manufacturing-based organizations. Factory line workers can spot
potential dangers quicker, along with accessing necessary resources.
 Engage your audience – Consumers are inundated with print and television advertisements for
various products and services, to the point where they don’t pay much attention to them.
Inserting augmented reality into advertisements will catch the eye of your target demographic.
HARDWARES:

 Microsoft Hololens
 Magic Leap One
 Epson Moverio
 Google Glass Enterprise Edition
MICROSOFT HOLOLENS:

 Microsoft Hololens is an AR headset with transparent lenses, developed by Microsoft.

 It uses a set of sensors and highly-developed optics to add AR content to the environment.
MAGIC LEAP ONE:

 This modern and futuristic-looking AR headset is powered by a small computer called ‘Lightpack’
that can be attached to your belt or pocket.
 The ultimate goal of Magic Leap is to bring your online life into your physical world.
 MagicLeap works with a controller that uses with a big button and a touchpad.
GOOGLE GLASS ENTERPRISE EDITION

 This hands free and wearable computer from Google was designed helping users to have better workflow
experiences. Maintenance fix machinery are able to focus on the job infront of them while simultaneously having
access to a manual. By eliminating this continuous focus shifting, mistakes and distractions can be reduced
significantly.
 Main features of Google Glass Enterprise Edition:
o Voice commands to control the device.
o Lighter device.
o Extended battery life.
o Faster processor and camera upgraded from 5 to 8 Mp.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

Paper 01: Augmented reality visualization: A review of civil infrastructure system applications.

Authors: Amir H. Behzadan , Suyang Dong , Vineet R. Kamat.

Study & Findings:

 An AR post-disaster reconnaissance framework that enables building inspectors to rapidly
evaluate.
 Quantify structural damage sustained by buildings in seismic events such as earthquakes or
blasts.
 A tabletop collaborative AR visualization framework that allows multiple users to observe
and interact with visual simulations of engineering processes.
Paper 02:Visualization of urban development 3D layout plans with augmented reality .

Authors: Mukesh Kumar Rohil , Yemineni Ashok.

Study & Findings:

 They created 3D virtual models using Revit, which has a rich library of all Architecture,
Construction, and Engineering (ACE) related three-dimensional graphical objects such as
doors, windows, walls, roofs, stairs, floors, ramps, etc.
 AR simplifies the process of project planning, measurement computations, design updates,
collection of on-site architecture environment, safety training, etc.
Paper 03: Recent tools and techniques of BIM-Based Augmented Reality.

Authors: Adeeb Sidani, Fabio Matoseiro Dinis, Joana Duarte, Luís Sanhudo, Diego Calvetti,
Joao ˜ Santos Baptista, Joao ˜ Poças Martins, Alfredo Soeiro.

Study & Findings:

 AR provides unique features that are suitable for the construction field. Positive results
from BIM-based AR applications were verified to increase construction projects ,
engineering safety training.
 For Architecture and Civil Engineering, AR may provide a reduction of construction errors
and project design review; improved communication in comparison to more traditional 2D
approaches; time savings (working hours) and cost reduction.
Paper 04:Measuring the potential of augmented reality in civil engineering.

Authors: Sebastian Meza, Žiga Turk, Matevž Dolenc.

Study & Findings:

 AR research is in the visual occlusion handling as well as on improved tracking accuracy.
 Tracking includes real-time calculation of both the location and the orientation of the
viewpoint.
 AR would be most useful in identifying and locating the existing building component
locations and in the control of the compliance of the design and the actual building.
Paper 05: BIM-augmented reality integrated approach to risk management.

Authors: Sahar Alirezaei a , Hosein Taghaddos b, Khashayar Ghorab b , Ala Nekouvaght Tak c,
Sepideh Alirezaei

Study & Findings:

 It can also be described as a bridge between the physical and digital realities providing a
foundation for presenting new information and enabling simultaneous analysis of physical
and digital information.
 AR has great potential to improve planning applications.
 BIM-AR framework to improve onsite project risk management.
 It also provides color-coded AR and BIM-based 3D visualizations of the identified risks to
Paper 06: Review on application of Augmented reality in civil engineering.

Authors: Siddhant Agarwal.

Study & Findings:

 The concept of AR helps in recreating the architectural and structural drawings in actual
scale on the field.
 The concept envisages reducing or eliminating errors that creep in during construction
process due to human and other technical errors.
Paper 07: Augmented reality applications in civil infrastructure.

Authors: Jaiqi xu and Fernando Moreu.

Study & Findings:

 AR in civil infrastructure can avoid artificial mistakes , improve efficiency and saves
budget.
 It has been studied for structural health monitoring, damage detection , crack inspection.
 Designing an application using eye tracking data to draw a cognitive map for Federal
Paper 08: Augmented Reality in Architectural Construction, Inspection, and Renovation.

Authors :Anthony webster, Steven Fiever.

Study & Findings:

 To both speed up maintenance and renovation operations, and to reduce the amount of
accidental damage that they currently cause.
 Future versions of augmented reality instructional systems may guide construction workers
through the assembly of actual buildings and help to improve the quality of their work.
 Inspectors with augmented reality interfaces may be similarly guided through their jobs—
allowing them to work without reference to conventional printed construction drawings and
ensuring that every item which needs to be checked is in fact inspected.
Paper 09: Rise of Augmented Reality: Current and Future Application Areas.

Authors :Abrar Omar Alkhamisi, Muhammad Mostafa Monowar.

Study & Findings:

 This paper provides a comprehensive study of AR including its history, architecture,
applications, current challenges and future trends.
 The layering of information over 3D space creates completely new experiences of the world, and
supports the broader transition of computing from the desktop to the mobile devices, and at the
same time raising new outlook concerning reaching information and new chances for learning.
Paper 10: Markerless Vision-Based Augmented Reality for Urban Planning

Authors : Ludovico Carozza, David Tingdahl, Frédéric Bosché

Study & Findings:

 Videos augmented with our system are shown to provide realistic and valuable
visualizations of proposed changes of the urban environment.
 The system automatically calculates occlusions of the built environment on the augmenting
virtual objects.
Paper 11: A systematic design method of adaptive augmented reality work instruction for
complex industrial operations.(Aug 2020)

Authors : JunhaoGeng ,XinyuSong ,YuntaoPan ,JianjunTang

Study & Findings:
 The ARWI design workflow suggested can incorporate industrial AR elements via on-site
operators’ inputs without programming instead of developers or engineers.
 At the same time, the adaptive ARWI can adapt to different people, environment objects, and
processes of complex industrial operations at runtime.
 This advantage brings ARWI design closer to real applications and makes the technology more
adoptable.
 Three user studies, using the disassembly operations of an aircraft engine’s hydraulic actuator
and other two practical cases, are used to assess the proposed method and support our claims.
Paper 12: Design and assessment of a mobile augmented reality-based information delivery
tool for construction and civil engineering.

Authors : Shirazi, AH Behzadan

Study & Findings:
 The goal of the research reported in this paper is to design and systematically assess the
effectiveness of a collaborative context aware mobile augmented reality tool (CAM-ART) in
construction and civil engineering curriculum.
 To achieve this goal, an augmented reality (AR)-based information delivery tool, CAM-ART.
Paper 13:Real-Time Occlusion Handling in Augmented Reality.

Authors :Yuan Tian, Chengwang.

Study & Findings:

 We will consider automatically detecting the occlusion relationship between the real and
virtual objects using depth map.
 By comparing the depth of each pixel on the real and virtual objects, the correct occlusion
relationship can be obtained without user interaction.
 This approach will reduce the manual operation and this is the research emphasis of our
future work.
Paper 14: A framework for proactive construction defect management using BIM, augmented
reality.

Authors : Chan-SikPark Do-YeopLee Oh-Seong Kwon Xiangyu Wang

Study & Findings:

 The system framework and solutions could enable proactive reduction of the defect
occurrence during the construction process and that could greatly improve current defect
management practices in the construction industry.
Paper 15: BIM and Augmented Reality Applied in the Design and Construction Phase.

Authors :Claudia Calderon - Hernandez and Xavier Brioso.

Study & Findings:

 Reducing time in decision making during the design stage

 A better understanding of the documents in the planning stage
 Monitoring of the project in real time to ensure the fulfilment of the schedule, amongst
others.
ames E. Heppelmann

Paper 16:Why Every Organization Needs an Augmented Reality Strategy.

Authors : Michael E. Porter and James E. Heppelmann

Study & Findings:

 AR dramatically reduces errors and increases productivity in factories.
 This article walks readers through the questions firms need to ask when integrating it into
their strategies and operations.
 The article also includes HBR’s first embedded AR experiences, which readers can launch by
downloading a new HBR app on their mobile devices and then pointing them at targeted
images in the magazine’s pages.
Paper 17: Mobile augmented reality applications for construction projects.

Authors: Mohamed Zaher, David Greenwood, Mohamed Marzouk.

Study & Findings:

 Is to facilitate the process of monitoring construction projects.
 Classic practice for construction progress tracking relies on paper reports, which entails a
serious amount of manual data collection as well as the effort of imagining the actual
progress from the paperwork.
Paper 18: A Useful Visualization Technique: A Literature Review for Augmented Reality and its
Application, limitation & future direction.

Authors: Donggang yu, Jesse Sheng Jin

Study & Findings:

 Recent and future AR researches are proposed which could help researchers of decide which
topics should be developed when they are beginning their own researches in the field.
Paper 19: Robust Fiducials Tracking in Augmented Reality

Authors: Madjid Maidi Fakhr-Eddine Ababsa Malik Mallem

Study & Findings:

 We use a generic algorithm for object detection and feature points extraction,
 We identify the target object with its barcode for template matching.
 Given a 2D feature points and a 3D object model, object pose consists in recovering the
position and the orientation of the object with respect to the camera.
Paper 20: Impact of BIM-based augmented reality interfaces on construction projects: protocol
for a systematic review.

Authors: Adeeb Sidania, Fábio Dinisb, J. Duartec, Luís Sanhudod, Diego Calvettie, João Poças
Martinsf, Alfredo Soeiro

Study & Findings:

 It assesses the technology’s capability of replacing traditional approaches in the
construction projects, by mentioning the time and cost consumption and the role of the
stakeholders.
Paper 21: General-purpose modular hardware and software framework for mobile outdoor augmented reality applications in engineering.

Authors: Amir H . Behzadan , Brian W . Timm , Vineet R . Kamat

Study & Findings:

 Mobile augmented reality (AR) framework developed to address the critical and repetitive challenges specific to visualization in outdoor AR.
 In all engineering applications of AR developed thus far, basic functionality that supports accurate user registration, maximizes the range of user
motion, and enables data input and output has had to be repeatedly re-implemented.
 The underlying methods of hardware communication as well as the object-oriented design (OOD) of the reusable interface are presented.
Paper 22: Design, strategies, and issues towards an augmented reality-based construction.

Authors: Phillip S. Dunston.

Study & Findings:

 This paper discusses the potentials of AR in construction equipment operation and operator training.
 A construction application for AR technology focused in this paper is an AR-based real world Training System
(ARTS) that trains the novice operators in a real worksite environment populated with virtual materials and
instructions.
 This paper focuses on the conceptual design and development of mechanisms/strategies for the ARTS in the
context of certain identified application scenarios.
 Discussion of limitations of Augmented Reality technology for construction applications include mature of
technology, data resource, technology transfer, social attitude, etc., is also presented.
Paper 23: Augmented Reality for Construction Site Monitoring and Documentation.

Authors: Stefanie Zollmann, Christ of Hoppe.

Study & Findings:

 We present an approach that uses aerial 3-D reconstruction to automatically capture progress
information and a mobile AR client for on-site visualization.
 Within this paper, we will describe in greater detail how to capture 3-D, how to register the AR
system within the physical outdoor environment, how to visualize progress information in a
comprehensible way in an AR overlay, and how to interact with this kind of information.
 By implementing such an AR system, we are able to provide an overview about the possibilities
and future applications of AR in the construction industry.
Paper 24: The renaissance of augmented reality in construction: history, present status and future directions.

Authors: Ken chen , Fan Xue.

Study & Findings:

 Design assessment, process monitoring and maintenance management and operation were the most frequently cited AR applications in the design, construction, and
operation stages, respectively
 Browser and tangible interaction were more frequently adopted than collaborative interaction and hybrid interaction
 AR has been integrated with BIM, computer vision, and cloud computing for enhanced functions.
Paper 25: Research trends and opportunities of augmented reality applications in architecture, engineering, and construction.

Authors: Hung-LinChi XiangyuWang

Study & Findings:

 This paper discusses trends in AR applications for architecture, engineering, construction, and facility management (AEC/FM).
 This paper specifically focuses on four technologies—localization, natural user interface (NUI), cloud computing, and mobile devices—which have the
potential to influence the development of AR applications.
 Advances in localization technology will enable the deployment of AR in a complex environment.
 An NUI provides more convenient and intuitive user experiences, which can increase the usability of AR….
Paper 26:Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence in industry: Trends, tools, and future challenges.

Authors: Jeevan S. Devagiri , Sidike Paheding.

Study & Findings:

 This is a tremendous support and necessity for an AR boom, and with the help of AI, there is an excellent potential for smart industries to increase
the production speed and workforce training along with improved manufacturing, error handling, assembly, and packaging.
 In this work, we provide a systematic review of recent advances, tools, techniques, and platforms of AI-empowered AR along with the challenges of
using AI in AR applications.
 This paper will serve as a guideline for future research in the domain of AI-assisted AR in industrial applications.
Paper 27: Feasibility of augmented reality technology for communication in the construction industry.

Authors: ArchanaHarikrishnan , AbdullatifSaid Abdallah, Steven [Link].

Study & Findings:

 Improving the communication between the design team and construction team;
 Effectively leveraging the expertise of experienced personnel; and to aid in inspections.
 The factors affecting the adoption of this technology were classified into technological factors (e.g. Cost of equipment) and non-
technological factors (e.g. Relationship building).
Paper 28: Applications of augmented reality for construction productivity improvement: a systematic review.
Authors: Oluseyi Julius Adebowale, Justus Ngala Agumba.

Study & Findings:

 This study reported that augmented reality is an innovative technology that can be deployed to improve construction productivity through its applications in construction components assembly, training and education, monitoring and controlling, interdisciplinary function, health and safety, and designs
information.
 Some of the benefits the industry would derive from using AR are the effective and efficient assembly of construction tasks, skill improvement for practitioners and construction students, and effective monitoring and controlling of project progress.
 AR is also advantageous for the early identification of potential hazards and accidents, real-time information sharing among project participants, early discovery of design errors, and improved interpretation of designs, which will help to mitigate non-value-adding activities.
Paper 29: BuildAR: A Proof-of-Concept Prototype of Intelligent Augmented Reality in Construction.

Authors: Doug A. Bowman; Joseph Gabbard.

Study & Findings:

 We propose that AR in construction needs intelligent sensing, understanding, and adaptation based on
context information about the worker, their work/tasks, and the surrounding environment.
 As a proof-of-concept of intelligent AR, we present the design of the BuildAR prototype, which illustrates
how a context-aware AR system might support an assembly task conducted by steel workers.
Paper 30:Augmented Reality for Big Data Visualization.

Authors: Ananth N. Ramaseri Chandra, Fatima EI Jamiy.

Study & Findings:

 In this paper, we explore some of the conventional visualization techniques and discuss the scope
and possibilities for AR data visualizations.
 We also explore the areas implementing the technique of visualizing big data with AR .
 The advantages and limitations are also discussed.
Paper 31: Virtual Campus Tour Application through Markerless Augmented Reality Approach.

Authors: Noorhaniza Wahid, Ang Wei Liang, Taufik Gusman.

Study & Findings:

 The result shows that more than 50% of the respondents have successfully executed the AR session without any error.
 Overall results show that the users are satisfied with the AR-UTHM Tour application. In conclusion, this application is
suitable to be used as a medium to introduce and promote UTHM virtually.
 Future improvements in terms of detailing the aesthetic of the 3D model will be taken into consideration.
Paper 32: A Survey of Augmented Reality.

Authors: Mark Billinghurst.

Study & Findings:

 We provide an overview of the common definitions of AR, and show how AR fits into taxonomies of other related technologies.
 A history of important milestones in Augmented Reality is followed by sections on the key enabling technologies of tracking, display and input
devices.
 We also review design guidelines and provide some examples of successful AR applications.
 Finally, we conclude with a summary of directions for future work and a review of some of the areas that are currently being researched.
Paper 33:Adoption of Mobile Augmented Reality as a Campus Tour Application.

Authors: Chairil Andri, Hazim Alkawazz.

Study & Findings:

 This paper presents a survey of mobile campus tour application based augmented
reality at various universities as well as the features of each application such as
information about points of interest, location search, navigation, 3D campus
building, campus events, ecological environment, virtual tour, and outdoor games.
Paper 34: A Technology Acceptance Model for Augmented Reality and Wearable Technologies.

Authors: William guest, Fridolin wild, Timo kuula.

Study & Findings:

 The research presented in this article investigates the implementation of a combined hardware and software application in three use-cases: aviation, medical
and space.
 Following the validation of metrics for a questionnaire, data was collected from 142 participants, and a structural equation model, based on UTAUT2, was
proposed in order to interpret the data.
 Following model improvement, two constructs show significant factor loading and latent variable correlation, Interoperability and Augmented Reality /
Wearable Technology Fit. Model optimisation was conducted, and a variety of goodness-of-fit indices are reported.
 The two additional constructs are found to be covariant and impact the UTAUT2 variables performance expectancy, effort expectancy and facilitating
conditions, in some cases explaining more than 85% of the variance in those constructs.
Paper 35: Trend Analysis on Adoption of Virtual and Augmented Reality in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction Industry.

Authors: Mojtaba Nogabaei, Vahid Balali.

Study & Findings:

 Findings demonstrate that older generations are significantly more confident about the future of AR/VR technologies and they see more benefits in
AR/VR utilization.
 Furthermore, the research results indicate that Residential and commercial sectors have adopted these tools the most, compared to other sectors and
institutional and transportation sectors had the highest growth from 2017 to 2018. Industry experts anticipated a solid growth in the use of AR/VR
technologies in 5 to 10 years, with the highest expectations towards healthcare.
 Ultimately, the findings show a significant increase in AR/VR utilization in the AEC industry from 2017 to 2018.
Paper 36: Web AR: A Promising Future for Mobile Augmented Reality—State of the Art, Challenges, and Insights.
Authors: Xiuquan Qiao,Pei Ren,Schahram Dustdar.
Study & Findings:
 This paper reviews the state-of-the-art technology and existing implementations of Mobile AR, as well as enabling technologies and challenges when
AR meets the Web.
 Furthermore, we elaborate on the different potential Web AR provisioning approaches, especially the adaptive and scalable collaborative distributed
solution which adopts the osmotic computing paradigm to provide Web AR services.
 We conclude this paper with the discussions of open challenges and research directions under current 3G/4G networks and the future 5G networks.
 We hope that this paper will help researchers and developers to gain a better understanding of the state of the research and development in Web AR
and at the same time stimulate more research interest and effort on delivering life-enriching Web AR experiences to the fast-growing mobile and
wireless business and consumer industry of the 21st century.
Paper 37:Augmented reality system for facility management using image-based indoor localization.
Authors: FrancisBaek , InhaeHa , Hyoungkwan Kim.
Study & Findings:
 This paper presents an AR system for facility management using an image-based indoor
localization method that estimates the user's indoor position and orientation by comparing the
user's perspective to building information modeling (BIM) based on a deep learning
computation.
 A graphics processing unit (GPU)-enabled server is used for the deep learning computation, and
the resultant information is wirelessly transferred to the mobile AR device through transmission
control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP).
Paper 38:Augmented reality based - decision making (AR-DM) to support multi-criteria analysis in
constructions.
Authors: Valentino Sangiorgio, Silvia Martiradonna, Fabio Fatiguso, Ignacio Lombillo.
Study & Findings:
 In this paper, an Augmented Reality based Decision Making (AR-DM) is proposed to get a novel
MCDA following the hierarchical structure of the AHP.
 For the first time, the AR immersive environment is combined with the Simos-Roy-Figueira
method to provide a large amount of visual information during the decision phase.
 The proposed approach is tested to support the selection of an experimental Precast Concrete
Panel for RC buildings retrofitting.
 Finally, a comparison with the classical approach and two other improved version of the AHP
procedure is performed to validate and show the potential of the method.
Paper 39: Mobile Augmented Reality: The Potential for Education.
Authors: Danakorn Nincarean ,Mohamad BilalAlia ,Noor Dayana AbdulHalim , Mohd
Hishamuddin ,AbdulRahman.
Study & Findings:
 Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the latest technologies that offer a new way to educate.
 Due to the rising popularity of mobile devices globally, the widespread use of AR on mobile
devices such as smartphones and tablets has become a growing phenomenon.
 Therefore, this paper reviews several literatures concerning the information about mobile
augmented reality and exemplify the potentials for education.
Paper 40:An Interactive Augmented Reality System for Learning Anatomy Structure.
Authors: Chien-Huan , Chien-Hsu Chen, Tay-Sheng Jeng.
Study & Findings: .
 In this study, we aim to use augmented reality (AR) technology to create an interactive learning
system, which help medical students to understand and memorize the 3D anatomy structure
easily with tangible augmented reality support.
 We speculate that by working directly with 3D skull model with visual support and tangible
manipulate, this AR system can help young medical students to learn the complex anatomy
structure better and faster than only with traditional methods.
Paper 41:Designing augmented reality for the classroom.
Authors: Sébastien Cuendet , Quentin Bonnard, SonDo-Lenh, Pierre Dillenbourg
Study & Findings:
 Multiple AR systems for learning have been developed and tested through empirical studies often
conducted in lab settings.
 While lab studies can be insightful, they leave out the complexity of a classroom environment.
 We developed three AR learning environments that have been used in genuine classroom contexts,
some of them being now part of classroom regular practices.
 These systems and the learning activities they provide have been co-designed with teachers, for their
own classrooms, through multiple cycles of prototyping and testing.
 We present here the features that emerged from these co-design cycles and abstract them into design
principles.
Paper 42:An Industrial Augmented Reality Solution For Discrepancy Check.
Authors: Pierre Georgel, Pierre Schroeder,Selim Benhimane, Stefan Hinterstoisser,Mirko Appel,Nassir
Navab.
Study & Findings:
 For real industrial applications, they are the most suitable solutions in terms of general applicability.
 Unfortunately, they have not been designed with computer vision applications in mind. On the
contrary, they are often made or painted in such way that they are not easily popping out. They are
therefore difficult targets to segment and to track.
 This paper proposes a solution to extract and match them to their 3D counterparts. We created a
software that uses the detected structures for pose estimation and image augmentation.
 The software has been successfully employed to find discrepancies in several rooms of two industrial
plants.
Paper 43: Computer vision based augmented reality for guiding and evaluating assembly sequences.
(Aug-2012)
Authors: J. Molineros; V. Raghavan; R. Sharma
Study & Findings:
 Computer vision provides the sensing mechanism necessary to interpret the assembly scene. The
goal of this system is to help evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of a particular sequence to
assemble a mechanical object from its components.
 This is done by guiding the operator through each step in the sequence. The augmentation is
provided with the help of a see-through head-mounted display that superimposes 3D graphics over
the assembly scene and on nearby computer monitors.
 We incorporate these ideas into the design of an integrated system that we call AREAS (Augmented
Reality System for Evaluating Assembly Sequences) and explore its use for evaluating assembly
sequences using the concept of mixed prototyping.
Paper 44:An integrating contextual approach using architectural procedural modeling and augmented
reality in residential buildings: the case of Amman city (August 2022).
Authors: MahaAlFadalat , WaelAl-Azhari
Study & Findings:
 In this study, a general framework is proposed, which integrates shape grammar-based procedural
modeling and augmented reality technology to create a harmonious environment through the
generation of new designs based on the grammar of the existing architectural style of the residential
buildings in Amman city without limiting the designer’s creativity of order to address the issue of
Western architectural movements influencing the architectural style in Amman, which is
incompatible with the city’s identity and it’s context.
 This approach was tested on a group of University of Jordan students, and the results were
evaluated using a machine learning model. The effectiveness of this method was discovered, and it
can be regarded as a step toward achieving spatial congruence.
Paper 45: A comprehensive review of augmented reality-based instruction in manual assembly,
training and repair.(December 2022).
Authors: Zhuo Wang, Xiaoliang Bai, Shusheng Zhang, Mark Billinghurst.
Study & Findings:
 This article reviews the current research status, projects and technical characteristics of manual
operation instructions in the past 30 years, and extensively discusses these latest works.
 It is worth mentioning that this article provides comprehensive academic information for the
development of AR-based assembly instructions, thereby providing unique insights for
researchers in related fields.
 In short, it will help researchers designing AR instructions.
Paper 46: Deep learning-based object detection in augmented reality (August 2022).
Authors: YaldaGhasemi , HeejinJeong , Sung HoChoi
Study & Findings:
 This paper systematically reviews and presents studies that integrated augmented/mixed reality
and deep learning for object detection over the past decade. Five sources including Scopus, Web
of Science, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, and ACM were used to collect data.
 Finally, a total of sixty-nine papers were analyzed from two perspectives: application analysis of
deep learning-based object detection in the context of augmented reality
 Analyzing the use of servers or local AR devices to perform the object detection computations to
understand the relation between object detection algorithms and AR technology.
 Furthermore, the advantages of using deep learning-based object detection to solve the AR
problems and limitations hindering the ultimate use of this technology are critically discussed.
Our findings affirm the promising future of integrating AR and CV.
Paper 47: Augmented reality technology adoption: Case of a mobile application in Turkey.(August
2021).
Authors: MerveYavuz, EdaÇorbacıoğlu, Ahmet NuriBaşoğlu.
Study & Findings:
 The results showed that the two most important factors that influence usage of MAR applications
are security and privacy.
 These two are followed by ease of learning, visual quality of the application 3D model, and ease of
use in importance, respectively.
 It is recommended that designers and application developers consider these five variables when
designing or developing a MAR application.
Paper 48: Systematic literature review on augmented reality in smart manufacturing: Collaboration
between human and computational intelligence.(October 2021).
Authors: Dawi KaromatiBaroroh , Chih-HsingChu , LihuiWang.
Study & Findings:
 This study conducts a systematic review of the recent literature on AR applications developed for
smart manufacturing. A classification framework consisting of four facets, namely interaction device,
manufacturing operation, functional approach, and intelligence source, is proposed to analyze the
related studies.
 The analysis shows how AR has been used to facilitate various manufacturing operations with
intelligence. Important findings are derived from a viewpoint different from that of the previous
reviews on this subject.
 The perspective here is on how AR can work as a collaboration interface between human and CI.
 The outcome of this work is expected to provide guidelines for implementing AR assisted functions
with practical applications in smart manufacturing in the near future.
Paper 49: Authoring Tool for Automatic Generation of Augmented Reality Instruction Sequence for
Manual Operations.
Authors: VasiliosZogopoulos, EvaGeurts, DorothyGors, Steven Kauffmann.
Study & Findings:
 This paper presents an authoring tool for generating digital instructions for manual operations.
The authoring tool allows the identification of the (dis-)assembly sequence of a product and also
to include intermediate manual operations, such as surface treatment, and visualizations. In
order to determine which assembly tasks and instructions are the most commonly needed,
contextual inquiries were conducted in collaboration with the industry.
 These findings, together with the existing literature on manual processes on the shopfloor,
served as a starting point for a taxonomy of assembly task types that are also presented in this
paper. The result can be delivered as digital on-screen instructions or as an augmented reality
application that may target mobile devices and headsets. The proposed approach is validated in
an industrial use case of a compressor assembly.
Paper 50: Augmented reality for collaborative product design and development.
Authors: Shen ,[Link] ,[Link].
Study & Findings:
 This paper presents the application of Augmented Reality (AR) to support concurrent
collaborative product design among members of a multi-disciplinary team.
 A client/server framework has been developed to enable users in a distributed environment to
carry out product design collaboratively. An intuitive interface, consisting of virtual and tangible
interfaces, and a tri-layer model representation scheme have been designed and developed to
support solid modeling and collaborative design activities in the AR-based environment.
 Using AR technology, the users wearing head-mounted devices can move about in a physical 3D
space to view a part that is being designed from different angles and perspectives. The users can
observe the design effects in real-time as the modifications are being made in the 3D space.
GAPS COVERED THROUGH THIS PROJECT:
While following conventional methods their will be mistakes in drawing and
actually work mistake has to be identified manually. This mistake has to be
identified manually instead we can use AR.

AR is an advance tool in this we can super impose the real environment and
virtual environment by comparing both.

This could reduce manual errors like design errors, analysis errors, and
clashes in plumbing.

Less research has been done in India in augmented reality especially in

construction so we are going to try this in Sona campus and we will implement
this in construction industries.
THANK YOU