Reproduction
and
Development
Objectives:
• describe the different stages of animal development;
• differentiate the developmental process in
monozygotic and dizygotic twins;
• describe human reproductive organ systems;
• illustrate the human female menstrual cycle;
• explain processes in human development; and
• differentiate various forms of contraception in
humans
DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
• the progressive changes in • entails the course of
size, shape, and function development of
during the life of an an organism, i.e. from the
organism by which its time of inception
genetic potentials to growth to maturity
(genotype) are translated when an organism can
into functioning mature viably produce another of
systems (phenotype) its kind
Remember this!
Haploid (n) condition Diploid (2n) condition
When a cell has only When a cell has the
half the chromosome full chromosome
number or only one number or two sets of
set of chromosomes chromosomes
Stages of Animal Development
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
F. Growth
Stages of Animal Development
[Link]
[Link] Stage of
[Link] development that
[Link] yields haploid
[Link] gametes.
F. Growth
Definition:
SPERMATOGENESIS OOGENESIS
The production of The production of
sperms from eggs from oogonia
spermatogonia is is known as
known as oogenesis.
spermatogenesis.
Organ it occurs:
SPERMATOGENESIS OOGENESIS
Occurs in testes. Occurs inside the
All stages are completed ovary.
in the testis. The major part of
oogenesis occurs inside
the ovary. The last few
stages occur in the
oviduct.
Why do human males
produce so many more
sperm than the number of
eggs produced by females?
Stages of Animal Development
[Link]
Stage of development
[Link] that results in a
[Link] unicellular diploid
[Link] zygote
[Link]
F. Growth
Stages of Animal Development
[Link] Stage of development
[Link] involving a series of
[Link] mitotic divisions to
[Link] produce a multicellular
[Link] blastula from a
F. Growth unicellular zygote
Stages of Animal Development
Blastula, hollow
sphere of cells,
or blastomeres,
produced during
the development
of an embryo by separate the cells of the embryo t
repeated cleavage allow for proper differentiation
Stages of Animal Development
[Link]
[Link] Stage of development
[Link] involving morphogenetic
movements of the cells to
[Link]
produce a gastrula with
[Link] distinct germ cell layers
F. Growth
Stages of Animal Development
Gastrula - early
multicellular embryo,
composed of two or
more germinal layers
of cells from which
the various organs
Stages of Animal Development
[Link]
In vertebrates, this will result in
[Link] three germinal layers:
[Link] the outermost ectoderm;
[Link] the inner endoderm, and the
[Link] middle layer, the mesoderm
F. Growth
Stages of Animal Development
[Link]
[Link] Stage of development
[Link] where the different germ
[Link] layers differentiate into
[Link] specific organ systems
F. Growth
Stages of Animal Development
[Link]
[Link] Stage of development
[Link] characterized by an
[Link] increase in size of an
[Link] individual
F. Growth
TWINS – two or
more offsprings
produced during
the same birth
Types:
Monozygotic &
Dizygotic