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Control Flow Statements in C

The document provides an overview of control flow and statements in C programming, detailing how programs execute statements, make decisions, and repeat tasks. It covers conditional statements (if, else, else if, switch), looping statements (for, while, do-while), and jump statements (break, continue, return, goto), along with examples for each type. The presentation concludes with an invitation for questions.

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Malathy N
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16 views9 pages

Control Flow Statements in C

The document provides an overview of control flow and statements in C programming, detailing how programs execute statements, make decisions, and repeat tasks. It covers conditional statements (if, else, else if, switch), looping statements (for, while, do-while), and jump statements (break, continue, return, goto), along with examples for each type. The presentation concludes with an invitation for questions.

Uploaded by

Malathy N
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Control flow &

statements
PRESENTED BY
[Link] KV
[Link] S
[Link] KUMAR K
[Link] CHOWDARY
[Link] M
Introduction
CONTROL FLOW REFERS TO THE ORDER IN WHICH
INDIVIDUAL STATEMENTS, INSTRUCTIONS, OR FUNCTION CALLS ARE
EXECUTED OR EVALUATED IN A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE. IT
ALLOWS PROGRAMS TO MAKE DECISIONS, REPEAT TASKS, AND
CONTROL THE SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS. WITHOUT CONTROL
FLOW, PROGRAMS WOULD EXECUTE LINEARLY FROM TOP TO
BOTTOM WITHOUT ANY FLEXIBILITY.

2
Control flow & statements
FOR C PROGRAM
Conditional statement’s
These statements enable your program to make decisions based on
conditions.
The most common conditional statements in C are:
• If statement : Executes a block of code if a specified condition is true.

• else statement : Executes a block of code if the condition in the if statement is false.

• else if statement : Adds additional conditions to an if statement.

• switch statement : Executes one block of code out of many based on the value of a
variable.

4
Example for conditional
statement’s INT X = 10;
IF (X > 0) {
PRINTF("X IS POSITIVE\N");
} ELSE IF (X == 0) {
PRINTF("X IS ZERO\N");
} ELSE {
PRINTF("X IS NEGATIVE\N");
} INT CHOICE = 2;
SWITCH (CHOICE) {
CASE 1:
PRINTF("CHOICE IS 1\N");
BREAK;
CASE 2:
PRINTF("CHOICE IS 2\N");
BREAK;
DEFAULT:
PRINTF("CHOICE IS NOT 1 OR 2\N");
BREAK;
}
Looping Statements
These statements allow your program Example for looping statements:

to repeat a block of code multiple for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {


times. The most common looping printf("%d\n", i);
statements in C are: }
int y = 5;
•for loop: Repeats a block of code a while (y > 0) {
specific number of times.
printf("%d\n", y);
• while loop: Repeats a block of code as y--;
long as a specified condition is true. }

• do-while loop: Similar to the while loop,


int z = 3;
but checks the condition after executing do {
the block of code, ensuring the block is printf("%d\n", z);
executed at least once.
z--;
} while (z > 0);

6
Jump Statements
These statements allow you to alter the flow of control unconditionally. The most common jump statements in
C are:

• break : Exits a loop or switch statement prematurely.

• continue : Skips the current iteration of a loop and proceeds to the next iteration.

• return : Exits a function and optionally returns a value.

• goto : Jumps to a labeled statement within the same function. (Use with caution, as it can make code difficult to read and
maintain.)

7
Example for Jump statements
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
if (i == 5) {
break; // Exit the loop when i is 5
}
if (i % 2 == 0) {
continue; // Skip the current iteration if i
is even
}
printf("%d\n", i);
}
int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b; // Exit the function and return
the sum
}
goto_label:
printf("Jumped to label\n");
int j = 0;
if (j == 0) {
goto goto_label; // Jump to the labeled
statement 8
Thank you !
ANY QUERIES

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