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Agrarian Reforms in Philippine History

The document outlines the history of agrarian reforms in the Philippines from pre-colonial times to the present, highlighting key periods such as Spanish and American colonization, and the Commonwealth years. It details various land policies and laws aimed at addressing land ownership issues and improving the situation of farmers, alongside the resulting peasant uprisings and movements for reform. Important legislation, such as the Agricultural Tenancy Act and the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law, is also discussed as significant milestones in the evolution of agrarian reform in the country.

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14 views15 pages

Agrarian Reforms in Philippine History

The document outlines the history of agrarian reforms in the Philippines from pre-colonial times to the present, highlighting key periods such as Spanish and American colonization, and the Commonwealth years. It details various land policies and laws aimed at addressing land ownership issues and improving the situation of farmers, alongside the resulting peasant uprisings and movements for reform. Important legislation, such as the Agricultural Tenancy Act and the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law, is also discussed as significant milestones in the evolution of agrarian reform in the country.

Uploaded by

kim.camering01
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

HISTORY OF AGRARIAN

REFORMS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
CHAPTER 6
HISTORY OF AGRARIAN
REFORM
PRE-COLONIAL TIME (before 16th century)
The Philippines, even before colonized by different
countries, has already developed an organization for their
communities.

Food production was intended for family consumption


only at first but later on neighboring communities which
were engaged in a barted trade, exchanging their goods
with other.

The only recorded transaction of land sale during that


time was the Maragtas Code.
SPANISH COLONIZATION (1521-1896)
During the Spaniards, they
implemented;
[Link] – Agriculture system
2. Compras y vandalas – compulsory sell
at a very low price or surrender their
agricultural
[Link] – Royal land grants to
encomenderos
The revolution of peasants and farmers in 1896
articulated their aspirations for agrarian reform and for
a just society. Women also fought for freedom and
played and important role in the planning and
implementing the activities of the revolutionary
movements.

The result of this revolution has made the government


confiscate the large landed estates, especially the friar
lands and declared these lands as properties of the
government (Malolos Constitution, 1896, Article XVII).
AMERICAN COLONIZATION
(1898-1935)
During the American colonization,
they implemented;
1. Philippine Bill 1902 – Set the ceiling on
the hectares of private land and
corporations.
2. Land Registration of 1902 – Private
owners through torrens system.
3. Public land 1903 – Introduced the
homestead system in the philipppnes
4. Friar Land Act No. 1120 – Lease and
sale
5. Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1933 or
Act No. 4054 - landlord and tenants, a
50-50 crop sharing
However, despite the different land policies passed
during that time, the farmers’ situation did not improve
at all.

As a result, there were widespread peasnt uprisings,


headed by the armed peasants’ groups known as
Colorum and Sakdalista of Luzon and Northeastern
Mindanao, respectively. Hence, more militant peasants
and workers’ organizations bonded together for a more
collective action against the abuses of landlords and
unjust land ownership situation.
COMMONWEALTH YEARS (1935-
1942)
• Landlords become richer and powerful while
the tenant were deprived of their rights,
became poorer and absentee landowners
increased.

• The government under the stewardship of


President Manuel L. Quezon realized that
land reform programs should be
implemented immediately. They saw the
purchase of friar lands as possible way to
solve the problem of inequitable land
ownership. They also saw that the
Homestead Program could be transformed
into a massive resettlement program if
properly implemented.
JAPANESE COLONIZATION (1942-
1945)

1. HUKBALAHAP – Controlled the


whole Central Luzon
2. Peasants earned fixed rental
of land
3. Peasants armed themselves
and were against the
Japanese
IMPORTANT LAWS THAT HAVE HAD A HUGE
EFFECT ON THE EVOLUTION OF AGRARIAN
REFORM: THE AGRICULTURAL TENANCY ACT
1. Republic Act No. 1119 - This law helped protect the tenure
rights of tenants tillers and enforced fair tenancy practices.
(Under Ramon Magsaysay)

2. Land Reform Act of 1995 (under Ramon Magsaysay


Administration-1955) - sought improvement in land tenure
and guaranteed the expropriation of all tenanted landed
estates.

3. Republic Act No. 6657 - Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law


- promote social, justice and industrialization providing the
mechanism for its implementation, and for other purposes.
(under Corazon Aquino)
THANK YOU!
I HOPE YOU LEARN
SOMETHING NEW TODAY!

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