Parallel and Perpendicular
Lines
Prepared by: Dianne D. Arpay
Learning Objectives
Recall the definitions and properties of
parallel lines. Discuss on how to test for
parallel lines
Distinguish the theorem or postulate to
prove that a line is parallel.
Show eagerness to do the task
Practice skills in determining the parallel
line.
Motivation
Parallel Lines – Two lines in a plane that never intersect and are always the same
distance apart.
Transversal – A line that intersects two or more lines at different points.
Corresponding Angles – Angles that are in the same relative position at each
intersection where a transversal crosses two lines. If the lines are parallel, these angles
are equal.
Alternate Interior Angles – A pair of angles that are on opposite sides of the
transversal and inside the two lines. If the lines are parallel, these angles are equal.
Alternate Exterior Angles – A pair of angles that are on opposite sides of the
transversal and outside the two lines. If the lines are parallel, these angles are
equal.
Consecutive Interior Angles (Same-Side Interior Angles) – A pair of angles on the
same side of the transversal and inside the two lines. If the lines are parallel, these
angles are supplementary (sum to 180°).
Consecutive Exterior Angles (Same-Side Exterior Angles) – A pair of angles on the
same side of the transversal and outside the two lines. If the lines are parallel, these
angles are supplementary.
Motivation
Perpendicular Lines – Two lines that intersect to form a right (90°)
angle.
Postulate – A statement that is accepted as true without proof, used as
a basis for reasoning in geometry.
Theorem – A statement that has been proven based on previously
established statements, such as postulates and axioms.
Angle Pair Relationships – Relationships between angles formed when a
transversal intersects two lines, helping to determine whether lines
are parallel.
Equidistant – A term describing how parallel lines remain the same
distance apart at all points.
Supplementary Angles – Two angles whose measures add up to 180°.
Congruent Angles – Angles that have the same measure.
Activity: Interactive Group Work
•The teacher will let the students answer
interactive games in the laptop provided, they are
going to be divided into 8 groups and assigned
laptop for each group.
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Analysis Questions
• - What did you notice in the
activity?
• - How did you feel during the
activity?
• - Would you like to do it again?
• - How can this relate to real-
life situations?
Lesson Discussion
a. Postulate 12: If two lines and a transversal form equal corresponding angles,
then the lines are parallel.
b.
Theorem 19: If two lines and a transversal form equal alternate interior angle, then
the lines are parallel.
c. Theorem 20: If two lines and a
transversal form equal alternate exterior angle, then the lines are parallel.
d. Theorem 21: If two lines and a transversal form consecutive interior angle that
are supplementary, then the lines are parallel.
e. Theorem 22: If two lines and a transversal form consecutive exterior angles that
are supplementary, then the lines are parallel.
f. Theorem 23: In a plane, if two lines are parallel to a third line, the two lines are
parallel to each other.
g. Theorem 24: In a plane, if two lines are perpendicular to the same line, then the
two lines are parallel.
In the example, if m ∠l = m ∠2, then l // m. (Any pair of
Example: A transversal cuts two lines to form equal corresponding angles.
equal corresponding angles would make l //m.)
Application: Practice Problems
Let the students answered the given problem.
1. What
conditions on these numbered angles would guarantee that lines and b are
parallel?
2. Using the figure below, find the angle pairs that are
alternate interior, alternate exterior, consecutive interior, consecutive
exterior, and corresponding.
Assessment: Written Test
• Let the student answered the following questions:
For each of the figures below, determine which postulate or
theorem you would use to prove l //m.
Wrap-Up & Assignment
• - Share insights on the
importance of parallel lines