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Understanding Quadratic Functions

A quadratic function is a second-degree polynomial expressed as f(x) = ax² + bx + c, where a, b, and c are real numbers. The document explains key components of quadratic functions, including the vertex, line of symmetry, x-intercepts, and y-intercepts, along with examples of graphing and converting equations to vertex form. It also provides methods to find the vertex and intercepts for given quadratic equations.

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Melvyn Imperial lll
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6 views17 pages

Understanding Quadratic Functions

A quadratic function is a second-degree polynomial expressed as f(x) = ax² + bx + c, where a, b, and c are real numbers. The document explains key components of quadratic functions, including the vertex, line of symmetry, x-intercepts, and y-intercepts, along with examples of graphing and converting equations to vertex form. It also provides methods to find the vertex and intercepts for given quadratic equations.

Uploaded by

Melvyn Imperial lll
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Quadratic

Functions
Quadratic Functions
A quadratic function is a second-degree
polynomial in the form of:

𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =𝑎𝑥 +𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑜𝑟
2 2
𝑦 =𝑎𝑥 +𝑏𝑥 +𝑐
where a, b, and c are real numbers.
Graph of Quadratic Function

2 2
y =ax + bx+ c y =− ax + bx +c
𝑎 >0 𝑎 <0
Parts of Quadratic Function
Line of
Vertex
Vertex is the turning point of
Symmetry
A line that divides the graph
the parabola. It is the minimum into two equal parts. Denoted
or maximum point of the as x = h.
graph. It is denoted by (h, k).
𝑏
h=− 𝑘= 𝑓 (h)
2𝑎
x- y-
intercepts intercept
x-intercepts or roots of the y-intercept is the point where
function are the points where the graph crosses the y-axis.
the graph crosses the x-axis.
Find the vertex, line of symmetry, x-intercepts, and y-intercept
of the given function then graph.

2
𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 +4

2
𝑦 =− 2 𝑥 +6 𝑥 − 4
Since , the graph will open
upward.
2
𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 +4
Vertex y-intercept
𝑏 (− 4) 4 2
𝑦 =(0) − 4( 0)+4
h=− ¿− ¿ ¿2
2𝑎 2 (1 ) 2
𝑦 =4
𝑘= 𝑓 (h) ¿ ( 2 ) 2 − 4 ( 2 ) + 4 ¿ 0 Table of values

Line of x -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
symmetry
𝑥=h 𝑥=2 f(x) 9 4 1 0 1 4 9
x-intercepts
2
𝑥 − 4 𝑥 +4= 0 Vertex (2 , 0)
( 𝑥 − 2 ) ( 𝑥 − 2 )= 0
Line of 𝑥=2
Symmetry (2 , 0)
𝑥 −2=0 𝑥 −2=0 x-intercepts (0 , 4)
𝑥=2 𝑥=2 y-intercepts
Vertex (2 , 0)
Line of 𝑥=2
Symmetry (2 , 0)
x-intercepts
(0 , 4)
y-intercepts
Since , the graph will open
upward.
2
𝑦 =− 2 𝑥 +5 𝑥 −3
Vertex y-intercept
𝑏 (5) 5
2
𝑦 =− 2(0) +5 ( 0 ) − 3
h=− ¿− ¿
2𝑎 2 (−2) 4
𝑦 =− 3

( ) ( )
2
5 5 1
𝑘= 𝑓 (h)¿ − 2 +5 −3 ¿
4 4 8 Vertex
Line of 5 Line of
𝑥=
symmetry 4 Symmetry
x-intercepts x-intercepts
2
−2 𝑥 + 5 𝑥 −3=0 y-intercepts
( − 𝑥 +1 ) ( 2 𝑥 − 3 ) =0
− 𝑥 +1= 0 2 𝑥 −3=0 𝑥= 3
2
𝑥=1
Vertex
Line of
Symmetry
x-intercepts
y-intercepts
Vertex Form of
Quadratic Function 2
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =( 𝑥 − h ) + 𝑘
Express each quadratic equation given in vertex form then find
the vertex.

2
𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 +4
2
𝑦 =− 𝑥 − 5 𝑥 −11
2
𝑦 =− 3 𝑥 +6 𝑥 − 12
2
𝑦 =5 𝑥 − 2 𝑥+ 1
2
𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 +4

𝑦 =¿ ( 𝑥 − 4 𝑥)+ 4
2

( ( )) ( )
2 2
−4 −4
2
𝑦 =¿ 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 + 2 +4−
2

𝑦 =¿ ( 𝑥 2 − 4 𝑥 + 4 ) + 4 − 4

𝑦 =¿ ( 𝑥 − 2)2

Vertex:
2
𝑦 =− 𝑥 − 5 𝑥 −11
( )
2
5 19
𝑦 =¿ (− 𝑥 − 5 𝑥 )−11
2
𝑦 =¿− 𝑥+ −
4
2

𝑦 =¿ −( 𝑥 2+5 𝑥)−11
Vertex:
( ( )) ( )
2 2
2 5 5
𝑦 =¿ − 𝑥 + 5 𝑥 + −11 +
2 2

𝑦 =¿ − ( 𝑥 + 5 𝑥 + )
2 25 25
−11 +
4 4

𝑦 =¿ − ( 𝑥 + 5 𝑥 + )
2 25 19
−
4 4
2
𝑦 =− 3 𝑥 +6 𝑥 − 12
𝑦 =¿ (− 3 𝑥 2 +6 𝑥) −12

𝑦 =¿ −3 ( 𝑥 2 −2 𝑥)−12

( ( )) ( )
2 2
2 −2 −2
𝑦 =¿ −3 𝑥 − 2 𝑥 + −12+ 3
2 2

𝑦 =¿ − 3 ( 𝑥2 − 2 𝑥+1 ) −12+ 3

𝑦 =¿ − 3 ( 𝑥2 − 2 𝑥+1 ) − 9

𝑦 =¿ − 3 ( 𝑥 − 1 )2 − 9 Vertex:
1. (Anika)
2. (Alex)
3. (Richard)
4. (Ronnie)
5. (Chloe)
6. (Sam)

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