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Preventing Erythroblastosis Fetalis

Rh incompatibility occurs when an Rh-negative individual receives Rh-positive blood, leading to the production of anti-Rh antibodies that can cause severe reactions in future transfusions. This condition also affects pregnancies, where an Rh-negative mother carrying an Rh-positive fetus may experience erythroblastosis fetalis in subsequent pregnancies due to the transfer of anti-D antibodies. Prevention includes administering anti-Rh agglutinins (Rhogam) to the mother after the first delivery to avoid complications in later pregnancies.

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3 views7 pages

Preventing Erythroblastosis Fetalis

Rh incompatibility occurs when an Rh-negative individual receives Rh-positive blood, leading to the production of anti-Rh antibodies that can cause severe reactions in future transfusions. This condition also affects pregnancies, where an Rh-negative mother carrying an Rh-positive fetus may experience erythroblastosis fetalis in subsequent pregnancies due to the transfer of anti-D antibodies. Prevention includes administering anti-Rh agglutinins (Rhogam) to the mother after the first delivery to avoid complications in later pregnancies.

Uploaded by

rkrishna2498
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

RH

incompatability
*Rh incompatability occurs when an Rh-negative individual
receives Rh-positive blood.
* Normally when an Rh-negative person recieves Rh-positive
blood there will be no immediate reactions as Rh-negative
individual does not normally has anti-Rh antibody.
* However, the donar’s red cells include an immune response
in the recipient to synthesize anti-Rh antibodies,which takes
place about 2-4months to reach a significant titer.
*however by the time the donar’s red cells die (120days is
lifespan of RBC).the anti-Rh antibody cannot produce any
harm to the recipients red cells because the Rh-negative
recipients red cells contain no Rh antigens .
*If the same Rh-negative person who has already received a Rh-
positive blood before, receives a 2nd Rh-positive transfusion later the
anti-Rh antibodies are synthesized in large amounts immediately by the
memory cells. This antibody reacts against the donar cells and causes
reaction of mismatch transfusion.
* the Rh-negative individual can safely receive Rh -postive blood once
in lifetime.
*The similar Rh incompatability occurs in pregnancies when Rh-
negative mother bears Rh-positive fetus,which leads to erythroblastosis
fetalis.
*The first child does not suffer however subsequient pregnancies carry
risk for the [Link] disorder is called ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.
ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS
•It is a hemolytic disease of newborn which
occurs due to Rh incompatability when Rh
negative mother carries Rh
positive foetus during pregnancy.
•The baby has inherited Rh positive antigen
from father.
•This does not effect first child but in
subsequent pregnancies the anti-D antibodies
from mother which are predominantly
of IgG type crosses placenta to enter fetal
circulation and causes hemolysis.
•The hematopoietic tissues of infant attempt
to replace the hemolysed RBC.
•Liver and spleen become greatly enlarged
and produce RBC in same manner that they
Due to this rapid production, many
early forms of RBC including many
nucleated blastic forms are passed
from baby’s bone marrow into
circulatory system.
•It is because of the presence of
these nucleated blastic RBC that
the disease is
called erythroblastosis fetalis.
CLINiCAL FEATURES :
•Anemia
•Hemolytic Jaundice
•Generalized edema
•Kernicterus
•Extramedullary hemopoiesis

PREVENTION :
•Prophylactic treatment is passive immunization of
mother with anti-Rh agglutinins (Rhogam) shortly
after delivery of first baby.
Erythroblastosis fetalis

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