#OneAET
Curriculum
Unit 1: Investigating Number
Systems
Flow 2: Rounding
To provide our pupils with the knowledge, skills and character to live a remarkable life
Key Questions
How do we identify how to round a number?
How do we identify significant figures in a number?
To provide our pupils with the knowledge, skills and character to live a remarkable life
Assessment Checklist
● I can round a number to the nearest whole number, 10, 100 etc.
● I can round a number to a given number of decimal places
● I can round a number to a given number of significant figures
To provide our pupils with the knowledge, skills and character to live a remarkable life
Key Terminology
Rounding
Giving an approximation of a number to a specified degree of
accuracy
Representation
The ● What is this
approximately?
population
● When is the exact
of the UK value useful? When
is the exact value a
in 2019 problem?
was ● When is the
67,530,172 approximate value
useful? When is the
approximate value a
problem?
Representation
1.7 rounded to the nearest whole
number
1 2
Representation
1.2 rounded to the nearest whole
number
1 2
Representation
1.5 rounded to the nearest whole
number
1 2
Representation
3.4 rounded to the nearest whole
number
3 4
Representation
24 rounded to the
nearest ten
2 3
0 0
Representation
346 rounded to the
nearest ten
34 35
0 0
Representation
510 rounded to the nearest
hundred
50 600
0
Representation
2790 rounded to the nearest
hundred
270 2800
0
Representation
1648 rounded to the nearest
hundred
160 1700
0
Checkpoint Key
Representation
Terminology
1. Round 6.7 to the nearest integer
2. Round 45 to the nearest ten
3. Round 678 to the nearest ten
4. Round 431 to the nearest hundred
Checkpoint - Answers Key
Representation
Terminology
1. 7
2. 50
3. 680
4. 400
Representation
1.76 rounded to the nearest tenth
tenth
1.7 1.8
1.76 rounded to the nearest tenth or to 1 decimal
place is 1.8
Representation
0.539 rounded to the nearest tenth
tenth
0.5 0.6
0.539 rounded to the nearest tenth or to 1 decimal
place is 0.5
Representation
0.97 rounded to the nearest tenth
tenth
0.9 1.0
0.97 rounded to the nearest tenth or to 1 decimal
place is 1.0
Representation
1.457 rounded to the nearest
hundredth
1.45 1.4
6
1.457 rounded to the nearest hundredth or to 2 decimal
places is 1.46
Representation
8.0624 rounded to the nearest
hundredth
8.06 8.0
7
8.0624 rounded to the nearest hundredth or to 2 decimal
places is 8.06
What is 8.0629 rounded to the nearest
hundredth?
Representation
0.0637 rounded to the nearest
thousandth
0.063 0.06
4
0.0637 rounded to the nearest thousandth or to 3 decimal
places is 0.064
Representation
Rounding to nearest tenth = Rounding to 1
decimal place
Ones . Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
1 . 2
(1 place value column after the decimal point)
Representation
Rounding to nearest hundredth = Rounding to 2
decimal places
Ones . Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
1 . 2 4
(2 place value columns after the decimal point)
Representation
Rounding to nearest thousandth = Rounding to 3
decimal places
Ones . Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
1 . 2 4 3
(3 place value columns after the decimal point)
Representation
Round 1.78 to 1 decimal place
1.78
1.7
1.8
1.78 rounded to 1 decimal place
is 1.8
Representation
Round 2.095 to 2 decimal places
2.095
2.09
2.10
2.095 rounded to 2 decimal places is
2.10
Representation
Round 0.37612 to 3 decimal places
0.3761
0.37612
0.376 2
0.377
0.37612 rounded to 3 decimal places is
0.376
Checkpoint Key
Representation
Terminology
1. Round 4.53 to 1 decimal place
2. Round 23.97 to 1 decimal place
3. Round 6.7829 to 2 decimal places
4. Round 0.0319 to 3 decimal places
Checkpoint - Answers Key
Representation
Terminology
1. 4.5
2. 24.0
3. 6.78
4. 0.032
Key Terminology
Define ‘Significant’
Contextual examples:
WW2 is a significant historical event
A statistically significant correlation between vitamin deficiency and
disease
A significant piece of legislation
Definition:
Having meaning; having influence or effect; importance, of consequence
Key Terminology
Significant Figure
Significant figures are the digits in a number which contribute to
the value of the number
Representation
What is the most significant
figure?
4976
Thousand Hundreds Tens Ones
s
4 9 7 6
Representation
What is the most significant
figure?
5092
Thousan Hundred Tens Ones
ds s
5 0 9 2
Representation
What is the most significant
figure?
2.476
Ones . Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
2 . 4 7 6
Representation
How many significant figures does this number
have?
592
Representation
How many significant figures does this number
have?
592.0
Representation
How many significant figures does this number
have?
5920
Representation
How many significant figures does this number
have?
5092
Representation
How many significant figures does this number
have?
0.0592
Representation
How many significant figures does this number
have?
0.05092
Representation
What is the most significant
figure?
0.016
Ones . Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
0 . 0 1 6
Representation
What is the most significant
figure?
0.0026
Ones . Tenths Hundredths Thousandths Ten
.
Thousandths
0 0 0 2 6
Representation
36 rounded to 1 significant figure
figure
30 40
36 rounded to 1 significant
figure is 40
Representation
4193 rounded to 1 significant figure
figure
400 500
0 0
4193 rounded to 1 significant
figure is 4000
Representation
287614 rounded to 2 significant
figures
280000 29000
0
287614 rounded to 2 significant figures
is 290000
Representation
287614 rounded to 3 significant
figures
28700 288000
0
287614 rounded to 3 significant figures
is 288000
Representation
0.0134 rounded to 1 significant figure
figure
0.01 0.02
0.0134 rounded to 1 significant
figures is 0.01
Checkpoint: Multiple Choice Key
Representation
Terminology
Round 45.26 to 1 significant figure
A B
40 50
C D
45 45.3
Checkpoint: Multiple Choice Key
Representation
Terminology
Round 2789 to 2 significant figures
A B
28 3000
C D
2700 2800
Checkpoint: Multiple Choice Key
Representation
Terminology
Round 0.0456 to 1 significant figure
A B
0.0 0.04
C D
0.05 5
Independent Tasks
To provide our pupils with the knowledge, skills and character to live a remarkable life
1. Round each number to the nearest integer
(a) 2.3 (b) 4.8 (c) 15.5 (d) 203.6 (e) 1.47 (f) 7.229 (g) 52.09
Fluency
2.1-2.2 Round numbers to nearest
integer or power of 10
2. Round each number to the nearest ten
(a) 14 (b) 75 (c) 236 (d) 4561 (e) 23.4 (f) 798.21
3. Round each number to the nearest hundred
(a) 460 (b) 229 (c) 4370 (d) 13991 (e) 139.2 (f) 3490.6
4. Round each number to the nearest thousand
(a) 5200 (b) 4388 (c) 56780 (d) 38501 (e) 5297.01 (f) 69500.25
5. A number rounded to the nearest integer is 600. Write 3 possible numbers that could have been
rounded.
1. Round each number to the nearest integer
(a) 2.3 = 3 (b) 4.8 = 5 (c) 15.5 = 16 (d) 203.6 = 204 (e) 1.47 = 1 (f) 7.229 = 7
Fluency: Answers
2.1-2.2 Round numbers to nearest
(g) 52.09 = 52
integer or power of 10
2. Round each number to the nearest ten
(a) 14 = 10 (b) 75 = 80 (c) 236 = 240 (d) 4561 = 4560 (e) 23.4 = 20 (f) 798.21 =
800
3. Round each number to the nearest hundred
(a) 460 = 500 (b) 229 = 200 (c) 4370 = 4400 (d) 13991 = 14000 (e) 139.2 = 100 (f) 3490.6 =
3500
4. Round each number to the nearest thousand
(a) 5200 = 5000 (b) 4388 = 4000 (c) 56780 = 57000 (d) 39501 = 40000 (e) 5297.01 = 5000 (f)
69500.25 = 70000
5. A number rounded to the nearest integer is 600. Write 3 possible numbers that could have been
rounded.
599.5 < x < 600.5 (Any 3 numbers that satisfy this inequality)
1. Round each number to 1 decimal place
(a) 3.46 (b) 5.08 (c) 0.582 (d) 2.449 (e) 14.982 (f) 0.96
Fluency
2.3 Round numbers to a given
number of decimal places
2. Round each number to 2 decimal places
(a) 1.429 (b) 0.552 (c) 23.694 (d) 0.5612 (e) 23.495 (f) 790.2972
3. Round each number to 3 decimal places
(a) 0.6219 (b) 2.2934 (c) 43.7107 (d) 1.39917 (e)0.3295 (f) 3490.60951
4. A number rounded to 1 decimal place is 8.3. Write 3 possible numbers that could have been rounded.
5. A number rounded to 2 decimal places is 0.27. Write 3 possible numbers that could have been
rounded.
1. Round each number to 1 decimal place
(a) 3.46 = 3.5 (b) 5.08 = 5.1 (c) 0.582 = 0.6 (d) 2.449 = 2.4 (e) 14.982 = 15.0 (f)
Fluency: Answers
2.3 Round numbers to a given
0.96 = 1.0
number of decimal places
2. Round each number to 2 decimal places
(a) 1.429 = 1.43 (b) 0.552 = 0.55 (c) 23.694 = 23.69 (d) 0.5612 = 0.56 (e) 23.495 = 23.50 (f)
790.2972 = 790.30
3. Round each number to 3 decimal places
(a) 0.6219 = 0.622 (b) 2.2934 = 2.293 (c) 43.7107 = 43.711 (d) 1.39917 = 1.399 (e)0.3295 = 0.330 (f)
3490.60951 = 3490.610
4. A number rounded to 1 decimal place is 8.3. Write 3 possible numbers that could have been
rounded.8.25 < x ≤ 8.35
5. A number rounded to 2 decimal places is 0.27. Write 3 possible numbers that could have been
rounded.0.265 < x ≤ 0.275
1. Round each number to one significant figure
(a) 28 (b) 345 (c) 4905 (d) 74570 (e) 2904.32 (f) 74.65 (g) 2.3911
Fluency
2.4-2.5 Round integers and
decimals to a given number of
2. Round each number to two significant and three significant figures
significant figures
(a) 1456 (b) 75091 (c) 2966 (d) 45.61 (e) 234.77 (f) 798.21
3. Round each number to one significant figure
(a) 0.045 (b) 0.67 (c) 0.000893 (d) 0.0705 (e) 0.00925
4. Round each number to two significant and three significant figures
(a) 0.06531 (b) 0.4289 (c) 0.05068 (d) 0.0089501 (e) 0.52979
5. Round each number to one significant figure
(a) Thirty-four thousand, nine hundred and twelve (b) fifty-nine hundredths (c) nine and three
tenths
1. Round each number to one significant figure
2.4-2.5 Round integers and
(a) 28 = 30 (b) 345 = 350 (c) 4905 = 5000 (d)74570 = 70000 (e) 2904.32 = 3000 (f) 74.65 = 70
(g) 2.3911 = 2
Fluency: Answers
decimals to a given number of
significant figures
2. Round each number to two significant and three significant figures
(a) 1456 (b) 75091 (c) 2966 (d) 45.61 (e) 234.77 (f) 798.21
(a) 1500 & 1460 (b) 75000 & 75100 (c) 3000 & 2970 (d) 46 & 45.6 (e) 230 & 235 (f) 800 & 798
3. Round each number to one significant figure
(a) 0.045 = 0.05 (b) 0.67 = 0.7 (c) 0.000893 = 0.0009 (d) 0.0705 = 0.07 (e) 0.00925 = 0.009
4. Round each number to two significant and three significant figures
(a) 0.06531 (b) 0.4289 (c) 0.05068 (d) 0.0089501 (e) 0.52979
(a) 0.065 & 0.0653 (b) 0.43 & 0.429 (c) 0.051 & 0.0507 (d) 0.0090 & 0.00895 (e) 0.53 & 0.530
5. Round each number to one significant figure
(a) Thirty-four thousand, nine hundred and twelve = 30000 (b) fifty-nine hundredths = 0.6 (c) nine and
three tenths = 9
Probing Questions
Convince me that...
I can only round one of these numbers to the nearest hundred
6 ? 3
6 2 ?
? 2 9
Always, sometimes, never? Probing Questions
You get a different answer when rounding to 2
decimal places than when rounding to 2 significant
figures.
What’s the same, what’s Probing Questions
different?
significant figures; decimal places
Convince me that... Probing Questions
Rounding 8995 to the nearest 10, 100 and 1000 all
give the same answer.
Convince me that... Probing Questions
34 578 is closer to 35000 than 34000
Convince me that... Probing Questions
All of these statements can be correct
0.746 ≈ 0.7
0.746 ≈ 0.75
0.746 ≈ 1
Convince me that... Probing Questions
All these numbers would be rounded to 29.0 to
3 significant figures:
29.005
28.97
28.99090909
29
Show me... Probing Questions
The number 4913.6519 rounded to the nearest
integer, the nearest 1000, 3sf, 2dp etc.
What do you notice about your answers?
Show me... Probing Questions
A number which gives the same answer when
rounded to the nearest 100 and nearest 1000 but a
different answer when rounded to the nearest 10.
And another? And another? ….
Show me... Probing Questions
A number which gives the same answer when
rounded to the nearest 10 and nearest 100, but a
different answer when rounded to the nearest
1000.
And another? And another? ….
Show me... Probing Questions
A rounding question which gives an answer of 400
And another? And another? ….
Further Extension
I round a number to 1 and 2 decimal places.
It is greatest when rounded to 1 decimal place.
It is smallest when rounded to 2 decimal places.
What could the number be?
Can you find more than one answer?
Further Extension
I round a number to the nearest integer and 2 decimal places.
It is greatest when rounded to 2 decimal places.
It is smallest when rounded to the nearest integer.
What could the number be?
Can you find more than one answer?
Further Extension
Ivan recorded two whole number temperatures in a science
experiment.
The difference between the temperatures was 100 degrees
Centigrade. One of the temperatures was negative.
One of the temperatures rounds to -70 to the nearest 10
degrees.
Give all the possible pairs of temperatures that Ivan could
have recorded.
Further Extension
145.6781
Change one thing about this number so that
a) It rounds to 15 to the nearest integer
b) it rounds to 200 to the nearest 100
c) it rounds to 145.66 to 2 decimal places
d) it rounds to 14 600 to 3 significant figures
Explain your changes. What else could you have done?
How many possible solutions are there?
Rich Task
There are three dice, each of them with faces labelled from 1 to 6.
When the dice are rolled they can be combined in six different ways to make a three-
digit number.
For example, if I roll a 2 and a 4 and a 5, I can combine them to make 245, 254, 425,
452, 524 or 542.
Now round each of these numbers to the nearest 100:
245 rounds to 200, 254 rounds to 300, 425 rounds to 400, 452 rounds to 500, 524
rounds to 500 and 542 rounds to 500.
Repeat for other rolls of the dice.
Can each of the six numbers round to the same multiple of 100?
Can each of the six numbers round to a different multiple of 100?
Rich Task
There are two dice, each of them with faces labelled from 1 to 6.
When the dice are rolled they can be combined in two different ways to make a
number less than 10 with one decimal place.
For example, if I roll a 2 and a 3 I can combine them to make 2.3 or 3.2.
Now round each of these numbers to the nearest whole number: 2.3 rounds to 2 and
3.2 rounds to 3. Repeat for other rolls of the dice.
Do both of the numbers you make ever round to the same whole number?
Rich Task
There are three dice, each of them with faces labelled from 1 to 6.
When the dice are rolled they can be combined in six different ways to make a number less
than 10 with two decimal places.
For example, if I roll a 2, a 3 and a 6, I can combine them to make 2.36, 2.63, 3.26, 3.62,
6.23 or 6.32.
Now round each of these numbers to the nearest whole number:
2.36 rounds to 2, 2.63 rounds to 3, 3.26 rounds to 3, 3.62 rounds to 4, 6.23 rounds to 6 and
6.32 rounds to 6.
Repeat for other rolls of the dice.
Can each of the six numbers round to the same whole number?
Can each of the six numbers round to a different whole number?