SAMPLING
DISTRIBUTION
Prepared by:
Herajane L. Montemayor
Subject Teacher
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the learner should be able
to:
define random sampling and sampling
distributions of sample mean;
illustrate random sampling; distinguish between
parameter and statistic; find the mean and
variance of the sampling distribution of sample
mean; and
value the importance of sampling for future uses
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION
The probability distribution of a
statistic or the set of all possible
estimates generated.
EXPECTED VALUE
the mean of sample means
Example:
There are three balls numbered 1, 2, and 3. Two of the balls
are selected randomly and the average/mean of their numbers
is computed.
List of possible samples
Population (1,2,3), N=3 1. Without replacement
Sample size of two, n=2 Sample 1: {1, 2}
Sample 2: {1, 3}
Sample 3: {2, 1}
Sample 4: {2, 3}
Sample 5: {3,1}
Sample 6: {3, 2}
There are six possible outcomes of size 2 from a population of
size 3. Since there are 6 possible samples, there are also 6
sample means. The sample means are shown in the table
below.
We now summarize these means as follows:
a. two samples have mean of 1.5;
b. two samples have mean of 2;
c. two samples have mean of 2.5
From the summary, we see that
b. the probability of mean equal to 1.5 is 2/6 or 1/3
b. the probability of mean equal to 2 is 2/6 or 1/3
c. the probability of mean equal to 2.5 is 2/6 or 1/3
List of possible samples
2. With replacement
Sample 1: {1, 1}
Sample 2: {1, 2}
Sample 3: {1, 3}
Sample 4: {2, 1}
Sample 5: {2, 2}
Sample 6: {2, 3}
Sample 7: {3, 1}
Sample 8: {3, 2}
Sample 9: {3, 3}
There are 9 possible outcomes of size 2 from a population of size 3.
Since there are 9 possible samples, there are also 9 sample means.
The sample means are shown in the table below.
We now summarize these means
as follows: From the summary, we see
a. one sample has mean of 1; that
b. two samples have mean of 1.5; a. the probability of mean
c. three samples have mean of 2; equal to 1 is 1/9
d. two samples have mean of 2.5 b. the probability of mean
e. one samples have mean of 3 equal to 1.5 is 2/9
c. the probability of mean
equal to 2 is 3/9
d. the probability of mean
equal to 2.5 is 2/9
e. the probability of mean
equal to 3 is 1/9
Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of
Sample Means
Illustrative Example 1:
Mean of the population
Variance of the population
Illustrative Example:
Standard Deviation of the population
Illustrative Example:
There are three balls numbered 1, 2, and 3. Two of the
balls are selected randomly with replacement and the
average/mean of their numbers is computed.
Compute for the following:
a. mean of the sample means
b. variance of the sample means
c. standard deviation of the sample means
Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean for
Normal Population when the
Variance/Standard deviation is known or
unknown.
Three Major Points about the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean
1. The EV or expected value or mean of sample means is
equal to the population mean µ.
EV = µ
This is the reason why sample can be used to represent a
population because they have the same value for the mean.
Three Major Points about the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean
2. The SE or standard error or standard deviation of sample
means can be computed when population variance is known
using
REFERENCES:
Albert, J. R. G. (2008).Basic Statistics for the Tertiary Level (ed. Roberto
Padua, Welfredo Patungan, Nelia Marquez), published by Rex
Bookstore.
Handbook of Statistics 1 (1st and 2nd Edition), Authored by the Faculty of
the Institute of Statistics, UP Los Baños, College Laguna 4031
Workbooks in Statistics 1 (From 1st to 13th Edition), Authored by the
Faculty of the Institute of Statistics, UP Los Baños, College Laguna 4031
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