Fire
Prevention
and Safety
ANDREW DE OCAMPO, SO, CST
Prayer
House
Rules
Fire
Prevention
and Safety
ANDREW DE OCAMPO, SO, CST
Introduction
March is Fire Prevention Month, a time dedicated to
raising awareness about the importance of fire safety
and prevention in our homes, workplaces, and
communities. This month serves as a reminder of the
vital steps we must all take to minimize the risk of fires
and ensure the safety of those around us. Fire
Prevention and Safety Training is an essential part of this
effort, empowering individuals with the knowledge and
skills needed to prevent fires, respond effectively in case
of emergencies, and protect lives and property.
Objectives:
•To acquire basic knowledge on the nature and
behavior of fire
•To be familiar with the proper response procedures
during fire emergencies
•To increase awareness on fire safety and be more
prepared in case of a fire incident.
R.A. 9514
The Revised Fire Code of the Philippin
and its Implementing Rules and
Regulations
R.A. 9514
Fire Safety Inspections
Fire Safety Seminar
Fire Drills
Fire Brigade for establishments
employing at least 50 persons
FIRE
The active principle of burning,
characterized by the heat and light
of combustion (RA 9514). It is a
rapid oxidation process
accompanied with the evolution of Employee Turnover Within 45 Days. (%)
light and heat of varying
intensities.
The Tetrahedron of Fire
Heat Sources
Oxygen Sources
To Reach Ignition Temperature
Approximately 16% Open Flames - The Sun
Required Hot Surfaces
Normal air contains 21% Sparks and Arcs
O2. Some fuel materials Friction - Chemical Action
contain sufficient oxygen Electrical Energy
within their makeup to Compression of Gases
support burning.
SOLID LIQUID GAS
Bulky
Bulky -- Dust
Dust Gasoline
Gasoline Kerosene
Kerosene Natural
Natural Gas
Gas Propane
Propane
Finely
Finely Divided
Divided Coal
Coal Turpentine
Turpentine Alcohol
Alcohol Butane
Butane Hydrogen
Hydrogen
Wood
Wood Paper
Paper Liver
Liver Oil
Oil Paint
Paint Acetylene
Acetylene
Cloth
Cloth Plastic
Plastic Varnish
Varnish Lacquer
Lacquer Carbon
Carbon Monoxide
Monoxide
Grain
Grain Others
Others Olive Oil Others
Olive Oil Others
Stages of Fire
IGNITION
Ignition Stage
• Point wherein the fire starts
• There is plenty of oxygen,
little heat and smoke
• Fire is still small and
generally confined to the
fuel that initially ignited
Growth Stage
• Temperature and smoke level increases
• Hot gasses rise to the ceiling and
spreads outward the walls
• The smoke layer is getting thicker
and fire is starting to spread to
nearby furniture
Flash Over
• Presence of huge smoke which indicates the
rapid change of situation
• Increasing level of smoke with
decreased visibility
• Gasses are generated by heat
Fully Developed
• All combustibles materials present are continuously
burning
• The volume of fire is dependent of the
number and size of ventilation openings
• Unburned gasses begin flowing to
adjacent spaces and ignite once it enters
a space where air more abundant
Decay
• Intensity of fire decreasing due to lack of available fuel
• Most of fuel consumed
• Effort concentrated on cooling of the
remaining fuel
R.A. 9514
FIRE
The Tetrahedron
of Fire -oxygen, heat & fuel
Stages of Fire
Ignition
Growth
Flashover
Fully Developed
Decay
Fire Extinguishment Theory
Classification of Fire
CLASS A
Ordinary combustibles or
fibrous material, such as wood,
paper, cloth, rubber and some
plastics.
CLASS B
Flammable or
combustible liquids
such as gasoline,
kerosene, paint,
paint thinners and
propane.
Classification of Fire
CLASS C
Energized electrical
equipment, such as
appliances, switches, CLASS D
panel boxes and power Certain combustible metals,
tools. such as magnesium, titanium,
potassium and sodium. They
may react violently with water
CLASS K or other chemicals, and must
be handled with care.
Fires involving
combustible
cooking fluids such
as oils and fats.
FIRST AIDE FIRE FIGHTING
APPLIANCE
Fire Extinguisher
is a handy, first aid fire fighting equipment
Fire Extinguisher Anatomy
Fire Extinguisher Anatomy
PRESSURE GAUGE
DISCHARGE LEVER (not found on CO2
extinguishers)
DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN CARRYING
AND SEAL HANDLE
DISCHARGE HOSE
DATA PLATE
DISCHARGE NOZZLE BODY
DISCHARGE ORIFICE
How to use a Fire Extinguisher
Get a partner, Demonstrate how to use Fire Extinguisher
based on TPASS
Elements of
Fire Safety
is the first element of fire safety
Your first important step is to IDENTIFY the most likely causes of fire . After having
determined that, you then must do something to ELIMINATE or considerably REDUCE
these fire causes.
The second elements of fire safety
ü INSTALL SMOKE ALARMS
Smoke detectors have an effective area of about
900 square feet. Ideally, there should be smoke
detectors installed at the following:
Along the hallways and corridors for every level of building – particularly
leading to the bedrooms and exit.
THE BAREST MINIMUM – BUT AT LEAST, ONE IS
BETTER THAN NOTHING
The third element of Fire Safety is your Firefighting Capability
You do not have to be a well-trained, fully equipped Fireman to put out a small
fire. You just need to have the presence of mind in knowing what to do, and the
necessary firefighting equipment to do the job.
The most effective combination is:
EARLY DETECTION AND QUICK REACTION
Fire
Prevention
Tips
Plan your Escape
Planning and anticipation are important aspect of FIRE SAFETY.
KNOWING WHAT TO DO BEFORE THE EMERGENCY ARISES IS THE BEST WAY
TO PREVENT PANIC AND CONFUSION
Typical Safety Evacuation
Procedure
If fire is detected, the person who detects the fire
immediately shouts or alerts everybody.
If the fire is still small, the nearest and most
competent person should put out the fire.
If the fire has already progressed to a bigger
stage that would merit evacuation.
Designate a specific assembly area
OUTSIDE THE BUILDING
IN A FIRE, CRAWL LOW UNDER SMOKE
PREVENTION is our first, most important step. The best
P way to fight fire is to prevent it from actually
happening.
A AWARENESS of the causes and dangers of fire keeps us
always alert and prepared.
D DETECTION of fire at its very early stages, when it is
still small, is critical to keeping fire under control.
R RESPONSE or REACTION should be quick and
efficient – with the appropriate fire fighting tools.
E EVACUATION is our last resort – when all else fails. It
is option we should always keep open for us.
Elements of Fire Safety
Fire Prevention Tips
Conclusion
In conclusion, fire safety is a shared responsibility that
requires the attention and commitment of everyone. As
we’ve learned today, being prepared and vigilant can
make all the difference in preventing fires and
responding effectively in an emergency. Remember,
"Fire Safety is everyone's responsibility," and together,
we can create a safer environment for ourselves and
those around us. Stay alert, stay prepared, and always
prioritize safety.
References:
R.A. 9514
BFP: Fire Safety for General Public Vol. 4
Bumberong Pinoy – BFP Accredited Youtube Channel
Thank You
09967789787
deocampoandrewryan@[Link]
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