Dolphin Project

Environmental Module

Date: April 2005

Time: 10:00AM
By
Yves Heroux
JGC Environment
Coordinator

JGC HSES Training Center

 Topics Covered
• Relevant Legislation (SCENR, RLIC, CHP)
• ISO 14001
• HazCom
• Chemical Management, MSDS & PPE
• Environment Monitoring (Environmental Aspects
& Impacts – Risk Management Program)
• HazWoper
• Pop Quiz
 Objectives
• Understanding Legal Framework of Project
• Learn Basic Principles of ISO 14001
• Enhance Awareness of Environmental Aspects
& Impacts of Project
• Help Supervisors & Management to Improve
Environmental Performance of Project
 What do we mean by
Environment?
• Air
• Sounds / Noise
• Water (Surface &
Underground)
• Land
• Flora and Fauna
• Archeology
 Applicable HSE Legislation
Regulations & Standards
• State of Qatar
• SCENR
• QP HSE Regulations
• RLIC Environmental Guidelines
• DEL (Exhibit L)
• CHP
• Project Environmental Procedures
 Environment Management System
(EMS)
• Procedures are important but not
sufficient
• ISO 14001 has been developed to help an
organization to:
1) minimize harmful effects on the environment
caused by its activities, and
2) To achieve continual improvement of its
environmental performance
 ISO 14000 Introduction and
Background
• Support the organization goals of achieving
compliance with legal requirements; establishing
internal environmental quality policies; and managing
marketplace expectations
• These goals will be accomplished by implementing:
– environmental quality management systems,
– environmental audits,
– environmental performance evaluations,
– product life-cycle assessments, and
– product labeling
 ISO 14000 Introduction and
Background
• Support the organization goals of achieving
compliance with legal requirements; establishing
internal environmental quality policies; and managing
marketplace expectations
• These goals will be accomplished by implementing:
– environmental quality management systems,
– environmental audits,
– environmental performance evaluations,
– product life-cycle assessments, and
– product labeling
 ISO 14000 Introduction and
Background
• Strategic environmental quality program that can be a
distinct competitive advantage as well as the gateway
to an organization's successful future
• Emerged primarily as a result of two events:
– Uruguay round of the GATT negotiations begun in 1986, and
– Rio Conference on the Environment held in 1992.
• Standard will now allow jobs and trade growth while
promoting a clean environment
• Applicable to both US and foreign markets
 ISO 14001
Environmental
Management
Systems

Organization/
Facility Product
14010 - Environmental Auditing 14020 - Environmental Labeling
14030 - Environmental Performance 14040 - Life Cycle Assessment
Evaluation 14060 - Environmental Aspects
of Product Standards
 The EMS Certification Standard
ISO 14001
• “Core" requirements for developing and
implementing an EMS that can be certified or
registered by an external third party
• Is applicable to organizations of all sizes,
types, and locations
• Can be used by an organization to improve its
environmental performance by integrating the
designated environmental management
systems with existing management policies and
procedures.
The Document Tree
Policies
Manual

Project Procedures
Project Instructions

Record and Reviews

 Let us look at one branch
Waste Management:
• Can we avoid using the product to begin with
(solvents, packaging). Is there a better choice?
• Can we reduce the amount we use?
• Can products be reused once they are finished with?
• Can they be recycled (by changing the composition
of the material)?
• Is there a safe disposal method?
 This is the waste hierarchy
Remove
Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Responsible disposal

ISO 14001 covers the management of best practice,

not the best practice itself
 Why are waste issues important?
• Land contamination
• Water
contamination
• Diseases
• Visual effects
• Loss of resources
• Future problems
• Land issues of
waste sites
• Vermin
How can problems be avoided?

• Segregate all waste at source

• Store in correct containers
• Send only to authorized dumps
• Ensure waste records are kept
• Ensure transporter has license to collect
wastes
• Maximize on reuse and recycling
• Remember the waste hierarchy
 HAZCOM
• YOU have the Right and Need to know:
– What hazardous chemicals you work with,
– Associated hazards, and
– How to protect yourself from these hazards
 HazCom
Hazard Communication Program to:
• Purpose is to ensure that the hazards of
workplace chemicals are evaluated, and that
information on the hazards is provided to
employers and employees.
 HazCom
Hazard Communication Program documentation:

1. Identifying and keeping an inventory of

hazardous chemicals,
2. Obtaining and keeping material safety data
sheets (MSDS) on the identified hazards,
3. Ensuring that the hazardous materials are labeled
with name and hazard, and
4. Training employees on the standard, safety
information, labeling and protective measures.
Chemical Management & MSDS
 Hazardous Materials
Definition:
 Substance which is: flammable, toxic,
harmful, corrosive, an irritant, is sensitizing,
carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic.
 Hazardous Materials
The degree of hazard associated with a particular
chemical will depend on:

 Its physical properties

 Its toxicity
 The way it is used
 The environment in which
it is encountered
 Hazardous Materials
Chemical Hazards and Reactions

 Chemicals are the most common and

significant health hazards
 Chemicals can be hazardous for
numerous reasons and can combine
with other chemicals to make new
hazards
 All hazards must be taken into account
when using and storing chemicals.
Hazardous Materials
Physical Classification

Chemicals may be found in solid,

liquid, aerosol, or gas and vapor form.

The degree of danger varies

according to the form of the chemical
and the factors previously discussed.
 Hazardous Materials
Information Tools at our disposal…

1. Chemical Labels
2. Hazard Rating Diamond
3. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
 Hazardous Materials
1) Chemical Labels – Learn How to Read Them!
 Hazardous Materials
2) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

Hazard Rating Diamond

 Hazardous Materials
Flammability Hazard

3
Health
Hazard 0 1 Reactivity
Hazard

Hazard Rating
4 Severe
5 Serious
w
6 Dangerous
7 Minor
0 Slight Special Hazard
 Hazardous Materials
Flammability Hazard Rating
Flammability Rating “3”
 rapidly vaporizes at normal
3 temperature and pressure
 rapidly disperses into air
 burns readily

0 1 Includes:
 very flammable gases

w 


extremely volatile liquids
dust that readily burns
dust that explodes in air
 Hazardous Materials

3 Health Rating “0”

Health
exposure under fire
Hazard
Rating
0 1 conditions offer no
hazard beyond that of
combustible material

w
 Hazardous Materials
Reactivity Hazard Rating
3
Reactivity Rating “1”
0 1  Material must be preheated
before ignition can occur
w  Includes most ordinary
combustible material
 Hazardous Materials

Special Hazard Rating “ W ”

3
0 1 Substance which reacts
strongly with water
W
Special Hazard Rating
 Hazardous Materials
What is an MSDS?

“A comprehensive fact sheet that provides information

on the identification, health hazards, and the
precautions required for the safe use and handling of a
specific substance”
 Hazardous Materials
2 Popular Format for MSDS
 OSHA Format 174: 8-9 sections
 ANSI Format: 16 sections

In fact, OSHA now recommends that the

ANSI format be used …
 Hazardous Materials
ANSI Format
 Have all information required by OSHA 174
 Information is arranged in consistent format whereas
OSHA has no format requirements
 ANSI format more consistent from country to country –
same MSDS can be used in different markets without
modification
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Section 1
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Section 2
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Section 3
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Section 3 Continued
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Section 4
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Section 5
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Sections 6 & 7
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Sections 8 & 9
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Sections 10 & 11
 Hazardous Materials
MSDS – Sections 12, 13 & 14
 Hazardous Materials
Storage of Hazardous Materials
 Use information on MSDS to find out compatibility
of chemicals
 Keep flammable materials away from sources of
ignitions and oxidizers
 Put labels on portable containers for hazardous
materials
 Regularly check containers for leaks
 Hazardous Materials
Chemical Inventory
 Update your Chemical Inventory List on a
weekly basis
 Ensure you have a current MSDS for each
chemical
 Provide JGC Environment Coordinator with
MSDS copy of any new chemical
 Personal Protective Equipment
Chemicals
 MSDS can only tell you so much
 Always wear safety goggle
 Use gloves compatible with
chemicals being handled
 MSDS for paint often only refer
to “Suitable Respiratory
Equipment”
 When in doubt, consult JGC
HSE for advise
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

• Air Quality & Dust

• Exhaust Emissions
• Noise
• Water Resources
• Solid & Liquid Waste
• Flora & Fauna
Why Environmental Monitoring?
• To detect and assess potential impacts of
project
• To protect Flora & Fauna
• To evaluate corrective actions
• To stay out of court (National and
International)
• To improve a company profile
• For the next generation
 Environmental Monitoring & Control
Air Quality & Dust
• Direct Impact on Health & Security
• Daily Qualitative Monitoring & Weekly Dust Sampling
• Dust Control Measures include:
1) Reducing Speed of Equipment on Site
2) Use of Water Trucks to Keep Roads Damp
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Effects of Dust
• Reduced Visibility
• Eye irritation
• Breathing Difficulties
• Skin Irritation
 Environmental Monitoring & Control
Sources of Dust Emissions
 Vehicles driving on dry dirt road
 Excavating, screening, grading, abrasive blasting, etc.

 Strong winds
 Environmental Monitoring & Control
How to Minimize Dust Emissions
 Keep road wet using water trucks
 Reduce speed of vehicles on site
 Use of chemical stabilizers for roads
(e.g. calcium chloride)
 Work within enclosure (abrasive blasting)
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Abrasive Blasting
Creation of fugitive dust
clouds
Minimization through
working within enclosure
High Concentration of
airborne particles
Selection of abrasive agent
very important
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Abrasive Blasting
Health Hazards
 High level of airborne particles present
 Risk of Silicosis if silica is present in
abrasive agent
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

What is Silicosis?
 Silicosis is a disabling lung disease caused by
overexposure to breathable crystalline silica.
 Overexposure to crystalline silica can cause scar tissue to
form in the lungs, which reduces their ability to extract
oxygen from air breathed
 Development of chronic silicosis, the most common form,
occurs over a period of years and often goes undetected
 Environmental Monitoring & Control
Silicosis

“In December 1996, the International Agency for Research on

Cancer upgraded the classification of crystalline silica to “
Carcinogenic to Humans ” based on a relatively large number
of recent epidemiological studies. “

 MAKE SURE SILICA CONTENT OF YOUR ABRASIVE

AGENT IS LESS THAN 2%
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Abrasive Blasting
Minimization of Fugitive Clouds:
Require adequate enclosure
For very large object: tarp scaffolding system
installed over a portion of the object
Use abrasive agent that do not fracture easily
Avoid blasting activities on windy days
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Main Dust Control Methods used:

1) Reducing Speed of Equipment on Site
2) Use of Water Trucks to Keep Roads Damp

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

1) From Regular Dust Masks to
2) Full Breathing Apparatus
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

PPE - Protection from Particulates

 Dust masks are adequate in most cases
(e.g. dusty roads, wind storms)

 In high particulate concentration

(e.g. abrasive blasting work in
enclosed area) you need to wear
self-contained breathing apparatus
 Environmental Monitoring & Control
How Do we Monitor Dust?
• Daily Qualitative Monitoring (visual)
• Weekly Dust (PM10) Sampling
• RLIC Criteria: PM10 ≤ 250 ppm

Main Dust Control Methods used:

1) Reducing Speed of Equipment on Site
2) Use of Water Trucks to Keep Roads Damp
Environmental Monitoring & Control
Exhaust Emissions

• Visual & Mechanical Inspections

• Info on Fleet & Equipment from Subcons
• Use of standardized conversion factors:
Carbon Monoxide
Nitrous Oxides
Methane & Others
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Exhaust Emissions of Diesel Engines

 Carbon Particles (soot)

 Carbon Monoxide (CO)
 Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
 Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
 Poly-Aromatic Hydrocarbons
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

PPE - Protection from Exhaust Emissions

 Dust mask are efficient to protect from
particulates (soot)
 Will also be helpful with VOC as many
volatiles will bind to particulate matters
 For high concentrations of volatile, mask
equipped with cartridges for organic
vapours are required
 Environmental Monitoring & Control
Noise Monitoring

Noise Basics
• The two factors that determine how hazardous noise is are:
– Intensity (Loudness) measured in dBA
– Time of Exposure measured in Hours and Minutes
• The louder the noise, the more hazardous it is. Also, the
longer the exposure time, the more hazardous the noise is.
• A “Noise Dose” combines both loudness and time and is a
convenient way of describing the relative hazard of the
noise.
 Environmental Monitoring & Control
Noise Basics
Loudness is measured using a logarithmic scale. This
means that a 10 decibel increase does not simply add 10
to the previous level. It multiplies the previous level by 10.
Threshold of Hearing 0 dBA
Quiet Room 45 dBA
Conversation 55 dBA = 45 dBA x 10
Car (50 mph at 50 ft) 65 dBA = 45 dBA x 100
End Loader (In Good Cab) 75 dBA = 45 dBA x 1,000
Haul Truck (In Good Cab) 85 dBA = 45 dBA x 10,000
Crusher 95 dBA = 45 dBA x 100,000
Old Dozer (No Cab) 105 dBA = 45 dBA x 1,000,000
Air Track Drill (No Controls) 115 dBA = 45 dBA x 10,000,000
115 dBA has 10 million times more sound energy than 45 dBA and is
capable of causing 10 million times more damage to hearing.
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Noise Monitoring
• Noise Level Meter Used
• Weekly Measurement at
Property Limits of Sites
• RLIC Criteria for Industrial
Zone: ≤ 75dBA
 Environmental Monitoring & Control
Noise Facts
• Auditory nerves can be permanently damaged from
prolonged exposure at 90 dB (e.g. heavy vehicle)
• 120 dB can cause pain and ringing in the ear (e.g.
riveting hammer)
• Sharp pain and extensive destruction of the auditory
nerves occurs at 140 dB (e.g. jet engine within 30 m)
• At 150 - 160 dB massive destruction of the auditory
nerves and persistent ringing in the ears will occur
immediately (e.g. 30-caliber shotgun blast next to ear)
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Noise Facts
• A 5-decibel reduction can cut the risk of
hearing loss in half
• Prolonged exposure to loud environment cuts
down productivity, creates stress and can lead
to accidents
• PPE: Wear Ear Protection when noise level is
85 dB and above
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Noise Control Methods:

 Use of noise absorber material

(high NRC – e.g. foam sheets)
 Noise barrier (e.g. vinyl sheeting)
 Composite material (combines
both above characteristics)
 Environmental Monitoring & Control
Monitoring of Water Resources

• Drinking Water
• Groundwater

• Storm Water (at a later stage)

• Effluent of Treated Wastewater (at a later Stage)
 Environmental Monitoring & Control

Flora, Fauna & Topsoil

• Especially emphasized at start of project
• Relocation of Top Soil for future use
• Relocation of plants taller than 50 cm
• Identification and protection of rare and
endangered species (e.g. spiny-tailed
lizards, desert monitor lizards, hares, etc.)
Environmental Monitoring & Control
Fauna Protection
• Identify all burrows and plan vehicle access
through area accordingly
• Topsoil dumping site selected to minimize
disturbance
• Burrows marked with 3 corner posts with red &
white barrier tape
• Workers given special training sessions on fauna
protection
Waste Management

JGC HSES Training Center

 Waste Management

WHAT IS WASTE?

 Any material that is unused and rejected as

worthless or unwanted …
 Waste Management
Waste Management Goals
 Ensure compliance with CHP regulations
 Minimize environmental impact of waste generated
through the project
 Maximize reduction, reuse and recycling of waste
 Ensure environmentally sound disposal of all waste
streams
 Waste Management
Waste Management Hierarchy Practice

 Source Elimination/Reduction
 Reuse
 Recycling/Recovery
 Treatment
 Responsible Disposal
 Waste Management
General Waste Classification
Class 1 – Municipal Waste

Class 2 – Non-Hazardous Industrial Waste

Class 3 – Inert Waste

Class 4 – Hazardous Wastes

 Waste Management
General Waste Classification
How can you find out
into which class a
particular waste falls
into?
Consult Appendix 1 of
JGC Waste Management
Procedure
 Waste Management
HSE Department Responsibilities
 Overseeing all waste handling and disposal
 Prepare and update procedures for waste collection & disposal
 Identify disposal methods for each waste category
 Provide support for waste recovery and recycling

In Addition:
 HSE officers will conduct regular inspections of waste storage areas to
insure compliance with CHP regulations
 Waste Management
Producers of Waste Responsibilities
 All personnel are aware of their responsibilities with regards to
waste management
 Initiate waste disposal as a function of planning any activities
 Take action to reduce and segregate waste
 Ensure that adequate number of bins/skips are provided
 Ensure that all waste containers are adequately labeled
 All waste is disposed of in the appropriate containers
 Ensure that records are kept of all waste transfers
 Waste Management
How not to do it!

If food wastes are not placed in plastic bags before putting

them in skips, they will generate bad odours and attract flies,
vermin (e.g. rats).
 Waste Management
Why Segregate Waste?
1. Avoid mixing incompatible substances
2. Optimize reuse and recycling possibilities
3. Helps in ensuring adequate containment is used
4. Insure waste is transported and disposed of in an
environmentally sensible way
 Waste Management
Hazardous Waste Procedure
 All subcontractors must exercise “Due Diligence” as to
the handling, collection and disposal of hazardous waste
 Due Diligence: subcontractors MUST ensure that they
deal with licensed waste collector/ recycler (from cradle
to grave approach)
 Subcontractors must have copies of licenses and SCENR
permits and provide copies to JGC Environment
Coordinator
 Fuel & Oil Storage
Centralized store of fuel or lubricant oil
 Must be sited on impervious
base within an impervious secure
bund
 Bund must be sufficient to
contain 110% of volume of largest
tank
 Spill containment equipment in
immediate vicinity
 Fuel & Oil Storage
Non-centralized store of fuel or lubricant oil
 Store so they do not pose a risk to the environment

 As a minimum – use drip trays to contain

potential leaks

 AVOID OVERCROWDING OF TRAYS

Refueling Procedures
Spill Prevention
 Spill Prevention
Most spills currently occurring on sites
are easily preventable

Your best spill prevention tool is…

 Spill Prevention
Proper Use of Drip Trays
 HazWoper
Hazardous Waste Operation and Emergency
Response
• The HAZWOPER standard does not define an
emergency in terms of the quantity of the
substance spilled. The term "emergency" is
dependent upon several factors, including the
hazards associated with the substance, the
exposure level, the potential for danger and the
ability to contain the substance.
 HazWoper
• "Responses to incidental releases of
hazardous substances where the substance
can be absorbed, neutralized, or
otherwise controlled at the time of release
by employees in the immediate release
area, or by maintenance personnel, are
not considered to be emergency responses
within the scope of this standard [29 CFR
1910.120].
 HazWoper
• Responses to releases of hazardous
substances where there is no potential
safety or health hazard are not considered to
be emergency responses."
ANY QUESTIONS?

??
 Dolphin Project
Environmental Module