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Understanding Earthquake Risks and Safety

The document explains the science behind earthquakes, detailing the movements of tectonic plates that cause them, including convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries. It highlights historical earthquakes, such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake and the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, emphasizing their devastating impacts. Additionally, it discusses earthquake measurement technologies like the Richter Scale and safety technologies, including seismographs and earthquake-resistant building designs.

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12 views4 pages

Understanding Earthquake Risks and Safety

The document explains the science behind earthquakes, detailing the movements of tectonic plates that cause them, including convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries. It highlights historical earthquakes, such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake and the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, emphasizing their devastating impacts. Additionally, it discusses earthquake measurement technologies like the Richter Scale and safety technologies, including seismographs and earthquake-resistant building designs.

Uploaded by

el1ostimmyt
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Earthquakes Risks

By: Aynour
Grade: 7GB
The Science Behind Earthquakes and Tectonic Plates

Types of Tectonic Plate Movements:


Earthquakes happen when the Earth's crust moves. • Convergent Boundaries – Plates push into
The Earth’s surface is made up of giant pieces called each other, sometimes forming mountains or
tectonic plates, which fit together like puzzle pieces. causing big earthquakes.
These plates are always moving, but sometimes they • Divergent Boundaries – Plates move apart,
get stuck. When they finally slip, the energy they creating gaps where magma rises to form new
release causes an earthquake. The place underground land.
where this happens is called the focus, and the spot • Transform Boundaries – Plates slide past
directly above it on the surface is the epicenter. each other, leading to strong earthquakes. The
San Andreas Fault in California is a famous
example.
Historical Earthquakes and
Their Impact
Famous Earthquakes:
•2010 Haiti Earthquake – A magnitude 7.0 earthquake
struck Haiti, killing over 200,000 people and leaving millions
homeless. Poor building structures made the damage
worse.
•2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake & Tsunami – This
massive 9.1 earthquake caused a deadly tsunami, killing
over 230,000 people across multiple countries.
•1906 San Francisco Earthquake – This earthquake and
the fires that followed destroyed most of the city. It led to
major improvements in earthquake-resistant building
designs.
Earthquake Technology and
Measurement
Scientists use special tools to measure Earthquake Safety Technology:
earthquakes and help keep people safe. Seismographs – Machines that
• Ways to Measure Earthquakes: detect and record earthquake
• Richter Scale – Measures the magnitude waves.
(energy) of an earthquake. Each number on the Early Warning Systems – Sensors
scale means the earthquake is 10 times stronger that detect earthquakes before
• Moment Magnitude Scale (Mw) – A more people feel them, giving a few
accurate way to measure large earthquakes. seconds to prepare.
• Mercalli Scale – Measures how much damage Earthquake-Resistant Buildings –
an earthquake causes, based on what people Special designs, like flexible
feel and see foundations and shock absorbers,
help buildings stay standing.

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