PARALLELISM AND
PERPENDICULARITY
Math Prayer
Lord,
You have created us in different shapes and angles
But still you made sure that we are congruent one way or another.
No matter which sides, even if there are terms undefined, your teachings will remain
our guide. May our lesson today maybe made parallel with what you want us to
become. And by the time our paths perpendicularly crossed, may we face you with
confidence
That you will shower us with your unending love and providence. AMEN.
This lesson seeks to answer the
question:
“How can we establish
parallelism or
perpendicularity of
lines?”
Activity 1: Optical Illusion
• Can you see straight lines
in the picture? ________
• Do these lines
meet/intersect? ________
• Are these lines parallel?
Why? ________
• Are the segments on the
faces of the prism below
parallel? Why? ________
Activity 1: Optical Illusion
• What can you say about
the edges of the prism?
________
• Describe the edges that
intersect and the edges
that do not intersect.
________
Activity 2: Agree or Disagree. Read each statement under the TOPIC
column and write A if you agree with the statement; otherwise, write D.
Before-Lesson Response TOPIC: Parallelism and Perpendicularity
1. Lines on the same plane that do not
intersect are parallel lines.
2. Skew lines are coplanar.
3. Transversal is a line that intersects two or
more lines.
4. Perpendicular lines are intersecting lines.
5. If two lines are parallel to a third line, then
the two lines are parallel.
6. If two lines are perpendicular to the same
line, then the two lines are parallel.
7. If one side of a quadrilateral is congruent to
its opposite side, then the quadrilateral is a
parallelogram.
8. Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each
other.
9. Diagonals of a parallelogram are congruent.
10. Diagonals of a parallelogram are
perpendicular.
Discussion:
Parallelism
1. Two lines are parallel if and only if they are
coplanar and they do not intersect .
2. A line that intersects two or more lines is
called a transversal.
a. The angles formed by the transversal with the two other
lines are called:
• Exterior Angles (
• Interior Angles (
b. The pairs of angles formed by the transversal with the other lines are
called:
• Corresponding Angles {Congruent}
• Alternate Interior Angles ( {Congruent}
• Alternate Exterior Angles ( {Congruent}
• Interior Angles on the Same Side of the Transversal ( {Supplementary}
• Exterior Angles on the Same Side of the Transversal (
For Example:
If is 37therefore,
• is 37 Vertical Angles
• 2 is 143Linear Pair
• 4 is 143 Linear Pair
• 5 is 37 Alternate Interior
Angles
• 6 is 143 Supplementary
Angles
• 7 is 37 Corresponding Angles
• 8 is 143 Supplementary
Angles
Activity 3: Name it:
• Complete the table below using
the given figure as your
reference:
• Given that the angle number 6 is
equal to 71.04◦, find the other
angles. (Hint: 180.00 will be used
instead of 180)
1 & 5, 2&6, 3&6, 4&5 1&8, 2&7 3&5, 4&6 1&7, 2&8
3&7, 4&8
Discussion:
Perpendicularity
Two lines that intersect to form right angles
are said to be perpendicular. Line segments
and rays can also be perpendicular. A
perpendicular bisector of a line segment is
a line or a ray or another line segment that is
perpendicular to the line segment and
intersects it at its midpoint. The distance
between two parallel lines is the
perpendicular distance between one of the
lines and any point on the other line.
Perpendicular distance
between parallel lines
GET READY!
A. Identify the following:
• Corresponding Angles __________________________________________________
• Alternate Interior Angles ________________________________________________
• Alternate Exterior Angles _____________________
• Interior Angles on the Same Side of the Transversal _____________________
• Exterior Angles on the Same Side of the Transversal __________________________
B. Solve for the following:
If angle 1 = 120, find the measurement of the other angles.
A. Identify the following:
• Corresponding Angles 1 and 5, 2 and 6, 3 and 7, 4 and 8
• Alternate Interior Angles 4 and 5, 3 and 6
• Alternate Exterior Angles 1 and 8, 2 and 7
• Interior Angles on the Same Side of the Transversal 4 and 6, 3 and 5
• Exterior Angles on the Same Side of the Transversal 1 and 7, 2 and 8
B. Solve for the following:
If angle 1 = 120 Given 5=
120 (Corresponding/Supplementary)
2 = 60 (Supplementary/Alternate exterior/corresponding) 6 = 60 (Supplementary)
3 = 60 (Vertical Angle/Supplementary) 7 = 60 (Vertical
Angle/Supplementary
4 = 120 (Vertical Angle/Supplementary) 8 = 120 Vertical
Review on Parallel lines
• Using the figure in Individual Work A p. 301 of your book,
Identify the following (for 65 points). Write your answers in your
notebook
•2 sets of corresponding angles
•2 sets of alternate interior angles
•2 sets of alternate exterior angles
•2 sets of interior side of the transversal
•2 sets of exterior side of the transversal
• B. Solve: If <10 = 20º find angles 1,2,3,4,9,11, and 12
If < 13 = 17.01º find angles 5,6,7,8,14,15 and 16
Given
1 and 3
Definition of Parallel
lines