Enterprise Computing
Introduction to Enterprise and Enterprise Computing
Lecture 1
Course Contents
1. 2. 3. 4.
5.
Introduction to Enterprise and Enterprise Computing The information requirements of an enterprise-sized corporation Information systems and software used in the functional units of an enterprise General purpose and integrated information systems used throughout an enterprise Types of technologies used throughout an enterprise Continue
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
Course Contents
Virtualization, cloud computing, and grid computing 7. The computer hardware needs and solutions for an enterprise 8. Availability, scalability, and interoperability issues in an enterprise 9. Importance of computer backup and how it is accomplished 10. The steps in a disaster recovery plan
6.
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
What is an Enterprise?
An enterprise is an activity or a project that produces services or products. y A business organization y Any organization with set goals y Any large organization that utilizes computers y An intranet, is a good example of an enterprise computing system.
y
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
Emergence of term Enterprise
y
A word was needed that would encompass
corporations, small businesses, non-profit institutions, government bodies, social service organizations.
The term enterprise seemed to do the job y In practice, the term is applied much more often to larger organizations than smaller ones
y
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
An Enterprise is...
its physical, human, corporate and intangible resources/assets
Human/corporate: Employees, customers, partners, etc.
Physical: Buildings, land, equipment, etc. Intangible: Patents, processes, trade secrets, good will, data, knowledge, etc.
Enterprise Goals
y
Make and save money
Grow and expand operations Grow and expand human/inter-enterprise associations Share information throughout enterprise Leverage existing infrastructure
Manage change and risk
respond to customers, technology, climate
Activities that Support Goals
y
Preserving resources/assets x Durability/Maintenance Protecting/granting accessibility to resources/assets x Security Growing/expanding resources/assets x Development Improving efficiencies x Performance/Scalability Detecting and responding to changes x Flexibility
Types of an Enterprise
y There
are essentially two types of enterprise: Business enterprises, which are run to make a profit for a private individual or group of individuals. Social enterprises, which function to provide services to individuals and groups in the community.
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
Business enterprises
In general, any endeavor where the primary motive is profit and not mere employment for oneself and others. y It is an organization engaged in the trade of goods, services, or both to consumers. y The activity of providing goods and services involving financial and commercial and industrial aspects; "computers are now widely used in business"
y
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
Business enterprises Examples
restaurants y groceries y printing works y repair shops y air lines y banks y factories y farms
y
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
Social enterprises
A social enterprise is an organization with primarily social objectives y Profits are principally reinvested for that purpose in the organization or in the community y Thy type is not being driven by the need to maximize profit for shareholders and owners.
y
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
Social enterprises Examples
welfare organizations y health care centers y sports clubs y housing cooperatives y charities y educational institutions
y
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
Types of Enterprises include:
Retail Manufacturing Service
Wholesale
Government
Educational
Transportation
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
What Is Enterprise Computing?
Enterprise computing involves the development, deployment and maintenance of the information systems required for survival and success in todays business climate.
Yen-Ping Shan & Ralph H. Earle, Enterprise Computing with Objects, Addison-Wesley, 1998.
What Is Enterprise Computing?
It involves the use of computers in networks, such as LANs and WANs, or a series of interconnected networks that encompass a variety of different operating systems, protocols, and network architectures y Managing Information Technology (IT) Infrastructure & Architecture
y
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
Enterprise Computing Environment
y y y
computers are typically dispersed over a wide area old (legacy) applications need to be used/maintained very large databases
x (e.g., tens of databases (DB), hundreds of tables per DB, thousands to millions of records per table)
y y y y
hundreds to thousands/millions of clients heterogeneous
x computers, client devices, networks, applications
constantly-changing business requirements mission-critical applications
x requires reliability and performance
Handling Complexity
Planning and Architecting y Analyzing and Organizing y Measuring/Tracking and Adjusting/Tuning y Reusing y Reviewing and Reiterating y Applying Object-Oriented Principles
y
Enterprise Systems: The Vision
y Structure
and Organization: One organization y Management: Firm-wide Knowledgebased management processes y Technology:Totally unified information system y Business: Customer-driven business processes
Enterprise Systems: The Reality
Discouraging Implementation y Unrealistic cost/benefit analysis y Not achieving robustness y Trapped in digital concrete: Older systems hard, expensive to change y Difficult to attain: Interoperability y Difficult to realize: Strategic Value
y
Organization of a traditional enterprise
Most traditional enterprises are organized in a hierarchical manner y In an enterprise, users typically fall into one of four categories:
y
Executive Management
1. 2. 3. 4.
Executive Management Middle Management Operational Management Non-management Employees
Middle Management
Operational Management
Nonmanagement Employees
Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus
Enterprise Developer Roles
y Architect
x overall design and integration with environment
y Application y Application y Deployer
domain expert assembler
x imparts knowledge of domain: business logic x assembles and tests components of application x distributes, tailors and configures application
y System
administrator
x manages development, deployment and production environments
Enterprise Application Qualities (1)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
extensible -- allows for future changes with minimal impact scalable -- gracefully handles expansion/contraction in number of clients usable/reliable -- functions as advertised, including error-handling available -- can be used whenever needed configurable -- can be adapted to diverse environments deployable -- can be easily distributed to users
Enterprise Application Qualities (2)
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
durable -- necessary information lasts/persists over time efficient/responsive -- uses minimal resources/performs well for clients unobtrusive -- doesnt get in the way of getting things done secure -- only authorized clients can access reusable -- many parts can be reused rather than recreated maintainable -- can be fixed with minimal impact timely -- is ready to use productively during window of opportunity