GENERAL TEACHING

METHODS
EDU 3202
WHO IS A TEACHER
• Before the western education
• every adult member of the society served as a teacher and initiated
the young ones to the culture norms, ethics and beliefs of the society.
In actual fact, if a father was a good blacksmith, the son would
automatically become one, and if a mother was a good cook, the
daughter would become one.
cont
• Modern definition;
• a teacher is a person who has undergone approved professional
training in education at a College of Education or Faculty of Education
in a University, University of education.

Teaching:Molagun and Taiwo (2004) defines teaching as a systematic

process of transmitting knowledge, attitudes and skills in accordance
with professional principles
Teaching is a process of showing someone how to do something
through talking,demonstrating,explaining,illustrating [Link]
something is content,facts,skills and process.
Cont’
• Steps that a teacher must follow
• Consultation of the syllabus (design)
• Choice of the topics to teach
• Interpretation of the objectives (learning Outcomes)
• Selection of the teaching methods
• Selection of the resource materials
• Actual class presentation
Cont,
• For successful teaching/learning processes, the teacher is required to
understand thoroughly the child and the subject matter which must
be considered and chosen according to the child’s state and standard.
Since the child is the subject of education, the teacher should be able
to guide him successfully to become an achiever in life
cont
• Teachers role in teaching situation;
• The teacher plays several roles in teaching situation, considering
some situation like:
Role as a student;- it is important for the teacher to understand the
needs of students while teaching factoring Age, Background,
educational policies(rights to Education)
Role as a Planner: should understand some of the activities- Time,
schemes of work, lesson plans , educational goals
Cont’
3) As a Craftsman- just as a crafts man makes his art work to be
appealing ,a teacher has a role to ensure learning takes place
• By presenting the content in an interesting manner
• Illustrating ,demonstrating and explaining
• Asking questions and giving assignments

4) As a decision maker- make informed decisions as he is a person to

be consulted most – he has to be a master of the subject matter and
make decision on the delivery mode and what is expected for the goal
to be achieved.
cont
• Member of a society.
• Every society has got its needs and expectation from it’s members,
students come from the society, as a teacher one ought to understand
the beliefs and expectation of the society, a teacher when planning to
teach should contextualize the content to reflect the expectation of
the society student should come out of school better than when they
joined the institution.
cont’
• National Policy
• A teacher is expected to understand the Objectives. goals and
educational policies of a country. He is regarded as an implementer in
the educational process
Cont’
• Duties of a professional teacher
• The teacher as a technician should know how to apply various principles
of teaching leading to a change in behaviour of the students.
• A teacher must create a conducive atmosphere in the class and have
good human relationships with the students and his colleagues. Such
cordial relationships will help students to work with little or no
supervision by themselves
• The teacher serves as a model, a person to be emulated
• The teacher as a dispenser of knowledge must be well enriched, a
resource person who can help students acquire the knowledge they seek.
•
cont
• Teachers in the early era were respected because they were diligent and
morally upright. Teachers were the encyclopedia of the societies to
which they belonged. All the events and happenings of their time were
recorded by them. To crown it all, they were strong disciplinarians.
• The teacher should be able to help the students develop critical
thinking and scientific attitudes to life.
•
• - The teacher must be able to cater for the students’ individual
differences in learning and wage war against mediocrity.
•
• - A teacher should be able to evaluate his own performance and also
the performance of his students.
cont
• Factors Responsible for Teachers’ Poor Image (Low Status)
 Many factors are responsible for the low status of teachers. Molagun and Taiwo
(2004) made an outline of these factors:
 There is a lack of recognition of teachers by the various governments unlike
other professions such as medicine and law.
 Several teachers are not professionally trained.
 Some teachers perform very poorly.
Many use teaching as a stepping stone to other jobs.
The level of professional training and intensity of professional preparation cannot
be compared with what operates in other professions like medicine, law,
engineering etc.
Cont’
• There is lack of self-esteem and dignity of labour on the part of many
teachers.
• The effects of teachers’ efforts are not felt immediately like doctors
who treat patients and they get healed or lawyers that handle cases a
win.
• To crown it all, poor academic performance of students is on the
increase at all levels.

Activity Explain who a teacher in a situation where the student is

learning by use of computer program or video tape.
cont’
• Training
• Training is showing/guiding a learner how to perform a particular
task.
Applying various teaching methodologies like illustrating and
demonstrating, the teacher should expose the learner to the real world
through learning experiences, should plan adequately
- Learners should have the ability to work on their own not to be drilled
by teacher.
Cont’
• For training to be achieved a teacher should observe the following
• plan what to teach
• evaluate teaching resources
• methods that should be followed
• venue where learning should take place
• The learners characteristics
cont
• Education- education goes beyond teaching and training-
• An individual acquires ,knowledge, skills, values and attitudes for self
sustainability- long lasting –he is self reliant and can contribute to the
development of the economy and others.
• Types of Education
• Formal- programed institutionalized education found in the school
environment
• Informal education- referred to hidden curriculum learn about societal
values and etiquette agencies include school, home and church
• Non- formal – may be learned both inside and out side the school it is
also programmed e.g games or briefs of government on covid-19 in
media
cont
• Learning- psychologists define learning as a relatively permanent
change or modification in behavior-
• Behavior is about perceptions, attitudes, emotions ,ability
• Change- means a learner goes out of a learning situation as a different
person we can equate it to rite of passage- some communities
remove six lower teeth if they remove five then the passage has not
taken place.

• Activity what is the relationship between Teaching and learning