5
TYPES OF BUSINESS
RESOURCES AND
MAPPING
By Advance Saraswati Prakashan Pvt. Ltd
Tinkune, 01-4790359
Learning Objectives
After comprehensive studying of this chapter, learners will be able
to:
Understand the concept and types of resources
Describe the human resources : skills, teams and leadership
Explain the financial resources : funding resources, budgeting and financial planning.
Describe the physical resources : infrastructure, technology and equipment
Explain the informational resources : data, information and knowledge system
Know the concept and application of resource mapping
2
CONCEPT OF RESOURCES
Resources involve all the assets that
an organization uses to operate its
business.
They include tangible assets, intangible
assets and human assets.
Tangible assets are visible such as plant,
machinery, equipment, finance and
location.
Similarly, intangible assets are invisible
such involve patent, copyrights, culture
and reputation.
Human assets involve employees
working in the organization and their
skills, attitude and motivation.
TYPES OF RESOURCES
The following are the different types of resources that are playing major role
for survival and growth of business :
TYPES OF
RESOURCES
AVAILABLE THRESHOLD
UNIQUE RESOURCES
RESOURCES RESOURCES
a. Human resources
b. Physical resources
c. Financial resources
d. Intellectual
resources
1. Available Resources
All the resources that are currently accessible in the organization are available
resources. The common available resources of the organization are as follows :
a. Human Resources : The involve all the manpower working in the
organization. They are line managers, staff authority and subordinate level
employees and their skills.
b. Physical resources : They represent to tangible asserts and property of the
organization. They involve land, building, plant, machinery, equipment, and
other fixed assets.
c. Financial resources : Financial resources involve
all the financial assets such as cash, creditors,
debtors and capital structure of the company.
d. Intellectual resources : They are concerned with
creation and innovation of new concept, idea,
knowledge and technology.
2. Threshold Resources
Threshold resources are needed in order to compete in the market.
3. Unique Resources
Unique resources are resources controlled by the entity that competitors do
not have.
HUMAN RESOURCES
Human resources include all the manpower
working in the organization.
They are line managers, staff authority and
subordinate level employees and their skills.
Usually , the following components of
human resources are taken into
consideration for effective functioning of the
entrepreneurship:
1. Skill : A skill is the ability to perform a
task or activity competently, acquired
through practice, experience, or training.
It can be physical, mental, or
interpersonal, and is typically developed
over time to improve performance in a
specific area.
CONTD…
2. Teams : A team is defined as two or more persons who interact and
influence each other toward a common purpose.
3. Leadership : Leadership is the ability of influencing upon the behavior and
activities of others to achieve common objectives.
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
Financial resources consist of funds essential for
establishment and operation of the business. The
following are the common elements of financial
resources that are taken into consideration for
establishment and operation of entrepreneurship :
1. Funding resources : Entrepreneurship can generate
funds from various sources based on convenience and
scope of business. Broadly, there are two sources of
funding consisting of equity finance and debt finance.
2. Budgeting : Budgeting is the process of keeping
financial plans together to help not only save money
but also show direction how to spend it so that
expected rate of return would be earned.
3. Financial planning : Financial planning refers to the
determination objectives, policies, procedures,
programs and budgets to deal with the financial
activities of an entity.
PHYSICAL RESOURCES
Physical resources represent to tangible assets and property of the
organization. They involve land, building, plant, machinery, equipment and
other fixed assets. Usually, physical resources consist of the following
components :
1. Infrastructure : Infrastructure refers to the
basic physical systems of a business that
involves in production of goods and services.
2. Equipment : Equipment refers to the
tangible assets used to accomplish specific
task or job efficiently and effectively.
3. Technology : Technology is the method or
process of converting inputs into outputs.
INFORMATIONAL RESOURCES
Informational resources are data, information and
knowledge that can be used for taking rational decisions.
Describing the components of informational resources are :
1. Data : Data is defined as the collection of various facts
and details, which includes any symbols, description of
any item, events, entity gathering, figures, observations
and others.
2. Information : Information refers to the refined , processed and
organized presentation of raw and unorganized data.
3. Knowledge system : Knowledge system is a process that helps
organization to identify, select, organize, disseminate and transfer
important information and expertise for organizational prosperity.
RESOURCES MAPPING
CONCEPT OF RESOURCES MAPPING
Resources mapping is the process of systematically identifying, organizing,
using and communicating the resources available in the organization.
It also shows how the resources interconnect and contribute for the
improvement of overall functioning and productivity of the organization.
APPLICATION OF RESOURCES MAPPING
The following are the common application/use of resource mapping in the
organization :
1. Identifying resources : One of the applications of resources is to
identify the various resources available in the organization.
2. Classifying resources : Resources classification concentrated on
division of resources into different groups based on their types, nature,
function and importance.
3. Organizing resources : This application of resources focuses on
systematization of available resources of the organization.
4. Proper use of resources : One of the applications of resources mapping
is to support for proper use of available resources of the organization. It
helps to minimize wastage of resources and to find out resources within
short time.
5. Establish interconnection : Resource mapping helps to establish
interconnection among all the inter-related resources of the organization.
CONTD…
6. Improve efficiency : Resource mapping provides guidance to the
entrepreneurs for the best use of available resource of the organization.
7. Rational decision making : One of the applications of resource
mapping is that it can support for making rational decisions. It provides
detail information of resources available in the organization.
8. Improve communication : Resource mapping emphasizes on mutual
interaction and discussion among the team members for solution of
issues and problems.
15
Assignment
1. Very Short Answer Questions
1. What do mean by resources?
2. Write the types of resources.
3. Define the term threshold resources.
4. What do you mean by unique resources?
5. Introduce the term human resources.
■ Short Answer Questions
1. What do mean by resources? Explain types of resources.
2. What do you understand by human resources? Explain its main
components.
3. Define the term financial resources. Describe the major components of
financial resources.
4. What do you mean by physical resources? Explain the common
components of physical resources.
5. Define the term informational resources? Describe 03/10/2025
the main
Any Question?
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03/10/2025 17