INQUIRY,
INVESTIGATION, AND
IMMERSION
SOURCES OF DATA
PRIMARY DATA
When a researcher or research
team develops their data from
experimentation, surveys, or
observation, these are classified as
primary data sources. This research
generates its own new data sets to
support specific research.
SECONDARY DATA
Secondary data sources
are those produced from
previous research. In our
digital world, secondary
data is readily available
through online databases
maintained by hundreds of
organizations.
SOURCE OF DATA
The primary data were derived
from the answers of participants
on the socio demographic survey
and the SERVQUAL questionnaire
conducted in April 2019. in six
study locales in Trece Martires
City. The Secondary data used in
the review of related literature
were gathered from articles,
journals, and other related
researches.
RESEARCH DESIGN
RESEARCH DESIGN
presents a plan for the conduct of
the study. it constitutes the
blueprint for the collection,
measurement, and analysis of data.
It also answers the following
questions:
• WHAT DO I WANT TO KNOW?
• WHAT TYPE OF DATA AM I GOING TO
GATHER
• HOW WILL I ANALYZE THE DATA
Service Quality of Grievance Handling
of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino
RESEARCH DESIGN Program of Trece Martires City
presents a plan for the conduct of
the study. it constitutes the
This study used descriptive research
blueprint for the collection,
design. It described the socio-
measurement, and analysis of data.
demographic status of the participants
It also answers the following
and the gap of service quality of Pantawid
questions:
• WHAT DO I WANT TO KNOW? Pamilyang Pilipino Program of Trece
• WHAT TYPE OF DATA AM I GOING TO Martires City. Lastly, it described the
GATHER level of importance and performance of
• HOW WILL I ANALYZE THE DATA the different attributes of the 5
dimensions of service quality
Service Quality of Grievance Handling
of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino
RESEARCH DESIGN Program of Trece Martires City
presents a plan for the conduct of
the study. it constitutes the
This study used descriptive research
blueprint for the collection,
design. It described the socio-
measurement, and analysis of data.
demographic status of the participants
It also answers the following
and the gap of service quality of Pantawid
questions:
• WHAT DO I WANT TO KNOW? Pamilyang Pilipino Program of Trece
• WHAT TYPE OF DATA AM I GOING TO Martires City. Lastly, it described the level
GATHER of importance and performance of the
• HOW WILL I ANALYZE THE DATA different attributes of the 5 dimensions of
service quality
PATTERNS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
Causal-
01 Descriptive 03 Correlation 05 Comparative
02 Experimemtal 04 Historical 06 Phenomenological
07 Case Study
PATTERNS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
01 Descriptive
the study will describe the present
condition or status of a problem, an event
or a phenomenon to draw up a solution to
the problem.
PATTERNS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
02 Experimemtal
a research design pattern in which a treatment,
procedure, or program is intentionally introduced,
and a result or outcome is observed. It is guided
specifically by your hypothesis.
PATTERNS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
03 Correlation
tests for the relationships between two variables
PATTERNS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
04 Historical
if the study will investigate the past events and relate
it to the present data.
PATTERNS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
Causal-
05 Comparative
the purpose is to uncover the cause-and-effect
relationship. It explains why and how a phenomenon
occurs.
PATTERNS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
06 Phenomenological
is an appropriate qualitative method when you
want to describe an event, activity, or
phenomenon.
PATTERNS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
07 Case Study
a way of explaining an organization, entity, company, or event
which involves a deep understanding through multiple types
of data sources. In case study, nearly every aspect of the
subject's life and history is analyzed to seek patterns and
causes of behavior.
Create your
RESEARCH DESIGN
In a ½ sheet of paper. Each group
will create a research design
• WHAT DO I WANT TO KNOW?
• WHAT TYPE OF DATA AM I GOING TO
GATHER
• HOW WILL YOU ANALYZE THE DATA
POPULATION AND SAMPLING
POPULATION
refers to a total number of people who serve as subjects or
respondents of the study.
POPULATION AND SAMPLING
SAMPLE
is an analytical subset of a larger population in statistics. The
sample should be representative of the population as a whole
and should not show bias toward any particular characteristic
POPULATION AND SAMPLING
SAMPLING PROCEDURE
method in identifying part of the respondents of the study.
SAMPLING METHODS:
• RANDOM SAMPLING
• STRATIFIED SAMPLING
• CONVENIENCE SAMPLING
• PURPOSIVE SAMPLING
• QUOTA SAMPLING
• SLOVIN’S FORMULA
SAMPLING METHODS:
• RANDOM SAMPLING
is a technique that uses
randomization to make sure that
every element of the population
gets an equal chance to be part
of the selected sample.
SAMPLING METHODS:
• STRATIFIED SAMPLING
is a technique that divides the
elements of the population into
small subgroups (strata) based
on the similarity in such a way
that the elements within the
group are homogeneous and
heterogeneous among the other
subgroups formed.
SAMPLING METHODS:
• CONVENIENCE SAMPLING
Where samples are selected
based on availability.
SAMPLING METHODS:
• PURPOSIVE SAMPLING
Is based on the intention or the
purpose of the study.
SAMPLING METHODS:
• SLOVIN’S FORMULA
is used to calculate the
minimum sample sized
needed to estimate a statistic
based on an acceptable
margin of error.
n = N / (1+Ne2)
Where:
• n = sample size
• N = Population
• e = Acceptable margin of error
Group Activity
SAMPLING METHODS:
Suppose a lawyer wants to estimate the
• SLOVIN’S FORMULA proportion of individuals in a Barangay
that are in favor of a new law. Groups
is used to calculate the will find the sample size through Slovin’s
formula using the data given below:
minimum sample sized
Data per group.
needed to estimate a statistic
based on an acceptable
Margin of error “e” is 0.05 or 95% accuracy
margin of error.
n = N / (1+Ne )
2
Group 1 – Population = 10,000
Where:
Group 2 – Population = 7,000
• n = sample size
Group 3 – Population = 5,000
• N = Population
Group 4 – Population = 3,000
• e = Acceptable margin of error