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Understanding Ratios and Proportions

The document explains the concepts of ratio and proportion, including how to express ratios in different forms and simplify them. It also covers the allocation of numbers according to ratios and introduces direct and indirect proportions with examples. Additionally, it discusses identifying means and extremes of ratios to determine if they form a proportion.

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Lea Mae D Fajardo
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7 views13 pages

Understanding Ratios and Proportions

The document explains the concepts of ratio and proportion, including how to express ratios in different forms and simplify them. It also covers the allocation of numbers according to ratios and introduces direct and indirect proportions with examples. Additionally, it discusses identifying means and extremes of ratios to determine if they form a proportion.

Uploaded by

Lea Mae D Fajardo
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

RATIO AND PROPORTION

RATIO
Ratio is the comparison between two numbers or
quantities.

Ratio can be expressed in four ways and can be written as:

2:3 COLON FORM 2 to 3 PHRASE FORM


23 DVISION FORM 2/3 FRACTION FORM
Express the following ratios in simplest form:

1. 1 hour to 40 minutes. 2. 2 weeks to 4 days.

3. Eight out of 30 passengers are tourists. Find the ratio of


the tourists to the other passengers.

4. Mark has 42 marbles. Fourteen marbles are red while


the rest are green marbles. What is the ratio of the red
marbles to green marbles?
Express the following ratios in simplest form:

5. In a certain room, there are 28 women and 21 men.


a). What is the ratio of men to women?
b). What is the ratio of women to the total number
of people?
Allocation of a number according to ratio.
To allocate or divide a number into parts according to ratio,
consider the following steps:

 Add the terms of the ratio.


 Write the terms as the numerator with their sum
as the denominator.
 Multiply the fraction to the whole to get the part.
Express the following ratios in simplest form:

Suppose that 5, 400, 000 is to be allocated to the


three departments: sales, marketing and advertising in
the ratio of 1:2:3. How much will be allocated for each
department?
PROPORTION
 A proportion is an equation that shows two ratios are equal.
 It can be written as a:b = c:d

a : b c : d
2 : 3 = 4 : 6
If two ratios can be simplified into the same ratio, then the
two ratios form a proportion.

4 : 6 9 : 12 8 : 12 10 : 25
We can solve the missing values in a proportion using the
Cross Multiplication Property.

1.

2. 5 : 25 = b : 40
3.
Direct and Indirect Proportion
DIRECT PROPORTIONS
A number is directly proportionate to another when
as one value increases so does the other.

Example #1: If three notebooks cost 15.00, how many


notebooks can you buy with 60.00.
Example #2: If kilos of pork cost 475.15, how much will
kilos cost?
INDIRECT PROPORTIONS
A number is indirectly proportionate to another when
as one value increases and the other decreases

Example #1: If 8 painters need 30 days to paint a building,


how many days do 24 painters to paint a building?

Example #2: if 4 pipes can fill a tank in 12 hours, how long


will it take for 6 pipes to fill the same tank?
Identify the means and extremes of a given pair of ratios and
tell whether it form a proportion or not.
RATIOS MEANS EXTREMES PROPORTION OR NOT
1. 4:5 , 24:30
2. 5:6 , 20:24
3. 2:7 , 20:56
4. 4:10 , 28:70
5. ,

6. . ,

7. ,

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